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钛合金广泛应用于航空航天、海事、军事等领域,但其较差的摩擦学特性限制了它在精密零部件中的应用。因此,研究适用于钛合金高精密成形加工过程中的润滑添加剂是实现钛合金高效加工的关键。采用相转移法制备了氧化石墨烯和黑磷纳米片复合油基润滑添加剂,通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱仪和X射线衍射仪等对复合添加剂的形态、组成和物相结构进行了表征,利用UMT-5多功能摩擦磨损试验机评价了黑磷-氧化石墨烯纳米片作为液体石蜡基润滑添加剂在钛合金表面的摩擦学性能。实验结果表明,黑磷纳米片与氧化石墨烯的质量比为1∶4的复合润滑剂表现出最佳的综合摩擦学性能,综合测试分析证实,黑磷-氧化石墨烯复合润滑添加剂的优异摩擦学性能归因于吸附与摩擦化学反应的协同作用。该发现对开发用于钛合金制造和加工的新型润滑剂具有指导意义。 相似文献
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选用石墨烯和氧化石墨烯作为水基润滑添加剂,对比研究两种纳米材料对AZ31镁合金在冷轧过程中的摩擦学性能的影响。采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和拉曼光谱仪(Raman)对石墨烯和氧化石墨烯水基润滑液润滑条件下轧后板材表面形貌和成分进行了分析,探讨了石墨烯和氧化石墨烯作为水基润滑添加剂的润滑机理。结果表明,石墨烯和氧化石墨烯在水中最优含量为0.5%(质量分数),摩擦因数分别为0.132和0.038,磨损体积分别为23.1 mm^3和2.59 mm^3。同时氧化石墨烯水基润滑液优良的润滑性能降低了镁合金轧制过程中的轧制力,改善了轧后板材表面质量。相同测试条件下,氧化石墨烯水基润滑液的润滑性能优于石墨烯水基润滑液,主要原因是其在水中良好的分散性和在镁合金表面优异的润湿性。 相似文献
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石墨烯具有优异的力学、电学和热学等性能,被广泛应用于聚合物基复合材料的改性研究中。石墨烯表面惰性,与聚合物相容性较差,难以在复合材料中充分发挥优异的性能,因此需要对其进行表面修饰。与共价键表面修饰方法相比,对石墨烯进行非共价键表面修饰,可以在改善其表面活性的同时维持原始结构,更适合构筑高性能聚合物功能复合材料。本文综述了石墨烯非共价键表面修饰的研究进展,分析了采用非共价键修饰的石墨烯填充的复合材料结构与性能间的关系,讨论了复合材料存在的界面结合较弱问题,提出了复合材料低成本制备、微观结构精确调控的发展前景。 相似文献
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对石墨烯进行功能化处理,可得到具有合适层间距和较高离子扩散速率的理想石墨烯基电极材料,其作为钠离子电池负极材料有着重要的应用潜力。通过在石墨烯结构中进行原位插层反应,成功制备出聚对苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)插层的石墨烯复合材料(PSS-rGO)。这种插层结构是基于石墨烯的π电子可以与PSS结构中的π电子相互作用,使得石墨烯层间距增大并抑制其堆积。同时,PSS中的磺酸钠基团可有效提高钠离子扩散速率,增强电极对钠离子的吸附能力,从而提升钠离子电池的循环性能。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、电化学工作站和多通道电池综合测试仪对样品进行测试分析。结果表明,PSS-rGO电极在5 A·g^(-1)的电流密度下循环6000圈后容量可保持在256 mAh·g^(-1),单圈衰减率为0.003%,表现出优异的循环性能。本研究为开发高比容、快速储钠以及长寿命的钠离子电池负极材料提供了可行思路。 相似文献
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采用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯(GO),利用水热法对GO分别还原5 h和10 h制得两种还原氧化石墨烯(5-RGO和10-RGO),进一步用异氰酸苯酯对还原前后的氧化石墨烯材料进行改性,即得功能化氧化石墨烯和功能化还原氧化石墨烯(SPFGO、5-SPFRGO和10-SPFRGO)。以功能化还原氧化石墨烯材料为电子受体,聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)为电子给体,制备复合膜。结果表明:GO由3-5层组成,经水热还原后样品表面仍含有—CO,—COOH等含氧官能团;功能化后石墨烯在邻二氯苯中分散性良好,与P3HT能级相匹配,满足作为聚合物太阳能电池受体材料要求;以5-SPFRGO做为受体材料与P3HT复合制备的复合膜表面规整致密,光吸收强度高,荧光光谱强度低,性能最优。 相似文献
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A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling. 相似文献
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Liebert A Wabnitz H Grosenick D Möller M Macdonald R Rinneberg H 《Applied optics》2003,42(28):5785-5792
A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue. 相似文献
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Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995. 相似文献
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由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。 相似文献
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M. M. Gadenin 《Inorganic Materials》2013,49(15):1352-1356
It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle. 相似文献
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V. T. Kornienko 《Strength of Materials》1991,23(7):760-765
The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991. 相似文献
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An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a
rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate
agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data. 相似文献
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水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点,也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此,水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来,中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器,加强了水三相点的研究,为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时,不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此,根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明,其扩展不确定度为0.16mK(k=2.69,P=0.99)。 相似文献