某型号十字轴精密成形工艺分析

目的研究十字轴闭塞式单向温挤压成形的可行性。方法根据十字轴的结构特点,确定了成形方案,并利用有限元技术对成形过程进行了数值模拟分析,然后结合物理实验对工艺可行性进行了验证。结果有限元分析和试验结果相吻合,锻件成形效果较好,没有出现充不满、折叠缺陷。结论采用闭塞式单向温挤压成形工艺,获得了满足尺寸要求的十字轴锻件,成形过程稳定可靠,成形工艺可行。     

温挤压微成形系统及其数值模拟研究

零件尺寸微型化带来了"尺度效应"等问题,对塑性成形理论、设备和工艺等都提出了更高的要求.针对微挤压中冷热成形的不足,提出了温挤压微成形工艺.在借鉴现有微成形装置的基础上给出了自行设计的温挤压微成形系统,并对其工作原理进行了阐述.为了探索坯料在微挤压筒内的流动行为,利用ABAQUS/Explicit模块对温挤压微成形进行了数值模拟,着重分析了210℃时温挤过程中的应力分布以及不同摩擦条件下金属的流变行为,揭示了不同工艺参数对温挤压微成形规律的影响,从而为其模具优化设计提供科学的理论依据.     

空心阶梯轴温挤压成形数值模拟

目的研究空心阶梯轴温挤压成形的可行性。方法根据空心阶梯轴的结构特点,确定了成形方案,并利用Deform-3D软件进行了有限元数值模拟分析,对成形方案进行了验证。结果根据模拟结果得出,锻件的成形效果较好,没有出现充不满和折叠等缺陷,尺寸精度也较好。结论采用温挤压成形工艺成形空心阶梯轴,获得了满足尺寸要求的空心阶梯轴,成形过程稳定可靠,成形工艺可行。     

205轴承内外圈套料的温-冷联合成形工艺的研究

叙述了采用复合挤压成形的高厚比大的环形零件成形方法,从环形零件内外圈的结构分析、坯料尺寸的确定、变形程度的计算,以及模具设计和选择挤压设备等方面作了较为详细的研究,为其他具有类似几何形状的零件成形工艺采用温-冷联合成形提供了基本设计流程.     

小体积毛坯的过温挤压工艺

目的研究小体积毛坯的温挤压成形工艺。方法介绍了温挤压和冷、热挤压工艺的特点。通过对小体积毛坯进行温挤压工艺试验,发现温挤压工艺的小体积毛坯温度降低较快,较难挤压成形,对模具寿命影响很大。提出过温挤压工艺方案,并对一种典型的小体积毛坯进行了试验。结果采用过温挤压工艺表面质量与温挤压工艺的表面质量没有明显区别。温挤压工艺可以生产出表面高质量的小体积毛坯。结论过温挤压工艺的提出对温挤压技术进行了补充,为小体积毛坯的制造提出了一个可行的工艺方案。     

基于 DEFORM-3D 的压料油缸闭塞成形工艺可行性研究

目的研究剪板机压料油缸缸体闭塞热精锻成形工艺的可行性。方法制定闭塞热精锻成形工艺,运用DEFORM-3D软件对缸体单元成形过程进行有限元模拟分析,得到了金属流动规律、金属流线、挤压力载荷、合模力载荷随挤压行程变化的结果。结果模拟结果表明,锻件金属流线分布合理,无明显交叉、断裂情况,整个过程中挤压力与合模力载荷也维持在一个较低水平。对合模力大小进行了计算,计算结果与模拟的误差为8.4%,最后结合工艺进行了工业性试制。结论成形后的锻件无飞边,尺寸精度高,力学性能良好,无明显缺陷。     

工矿及采矿用截齿温挤压精密成形工艺研究

通过有限元模拟与实验对普通轴对称类截齿、局部大尺寸类截齿和带旋转翼类截齿的温挤压精密成形工艺进行了研究,分别提出了镦挤工艺、浮动组合模具镦挤和镦挤联合径向挤压的复合挤压等新工艺.模拟和实验结果表明:新工艺解决了截齿挤压大高径比失稳、非轴对称径向旋转翼难充满等关键问题,工件成形质量良好.     

两出口环形件的冷挤压成形工艺研究

针对两出口环形件的形状特点,确定了冷挤压成形的方案,设计了零件挤压成形图,校核了挤压工序的变形程度.采用等应变分配原理,得出了分流层直径的大小,并进行了成形力和坯料尺寸的计算.冷挤压成形试验表明,采用冷挤压工艺确保零件的尺寸精度,实现了空调压缩机罩体零件的工程化批量生产,创造了可观的经济效益.     

空调机用黄铜三通阀的温挤压成形数值模拟

提出一种新的精密温挤压成形工艺代替传统热锻法来制造空调用三通阀。建立了该三通阀温挤压有限元分析模型,采用非线性有限元分析软件DEFORM-3DTM对三通阀温挤压成形的过程进行了数值模拟,揭示了其塑性成形的机理,以及工艺参数对充填情况的影响规律,进一步获得了合理的温挤压工艺参数。     

毛坯精化技术在轻武器行业中的应用

结合某厂成功应用案例,分析了精密铸造、金属粉末注射成形、等温成形和温挤压成形等几种毛坯精密化技术的优点和在轻武器制造上的适用范围,提出了轻武器行业毛坯精化的应用前景和方向.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.