冬季低温环境焊接

本文详细分析了低温环境下电厂钢结构焊接和管道焊接产生冷裂纹及延迟裂纹的各种因素,并从焊接方法的选择、焊前预热、层间温度的控制、焊接热输入量、焊后保温等方面采取了质量控制措施,从而防止了焊接冷裂纹和延迟裂纹的产生,保证了低温环境下的焊接质量。     

Mobilities in Diffusion in Alpha Brass

Diffusion coefficients and mobilities were determined as functions of concentration in the a phase of the Cu-Zn system. Use was made of incremental diffusion couples to determine the Kirkendall effect at various concentrations. Darken’s analysis was used to calculate the individual diffusion coefficients and mobilities from these data. The general diffusion coefficient is a single-valued function of the concentration in this system to within the limits of accuracy of the experimental methods used. The form of the various functions (diffusion coefficients and mobilities) of concentration is the same in every case: it is essentially the same as the usual D vs c curve.     

激光焊接在欧洲造船业的应用

为了在竞争中获胜，欧洲造船业必须提高生产速度和效率，同时降低成本。因此，他们投入了巨大的人力和财力来研发激光焊接并将其应用到造船生产实践中，以达到维持和重建欧洲船厂在全球高附加值船舶市场的优势地位。     

Changes in mechanical properties in metal-forming processes

This article presents a paradigm for the mechanical properties of a metal that result from the plastic deformation that occurs in forming processes, including multiple-step or cyclic processes. Some of the new concepts included are a new strength designation that includes the sense (tensile or compressive), the direction (longitudinal, transverse, etc.), the specific type of deformation (tensile, compressive, etc.); a concept of an equivalent strain; and the apparent rules of strain strengthening. Examples of strength     

春之韵 秋之实

踏过严冬的人总盼望春天尽快到来，赏过雪花的人更向往春天的烂漫。     

俄罗斯黄金冶金技术发展局部

概括介绍俄罗斯金冶金技术发展状况,以飨读者。     

The Soret effect in diffusion in crystals

The Soret effect, as it occurs in the diffusion of solutes in crystals, is analyzed using the principle of microscopic reversibility whereby an approach is developed for interpreting and computing Q¹, the heat of transport. To compute the transport of energy during the diffusion jump process, and then Q¹, the processes of thermal activation to the transition state and the decay from the transition state are considered to be inverses; thus the net process is reduced to the analysis of the purely mechanical decay process. Molecular statics and dynamics are then suggested as the means to simulate the decay process and the case of carbon diffusion in body-centered cubic α-iron is so analyzed as an example. Our results show that, for the case Q¹ ≈ −Q_m, where Q_m is the activation energy for carbon diffusion, this is in agreement with experimental evidence reported in the literature. Thus both the sign and magnitude of Q¹ are correctly predicted. Various cases, such as the diffusion of substitutional solutes and vacancies, are also considered within our approach along with implications for future study.     

凝固模拟后处理中的技术进展

介绍的数值鼠标技术对提高视觉对色彩的分辨精度提供了一个非常好的解决方案。通常用于模拟凝固过程的动画AVI，类似于电影电视，缺乏互动能力，只能在固定的视场、视角下观看固定的序列画面。介绍的实时动画与实时拖动技术使用户在观察模拟结果时，在动画行进的同时，可以随意旋转、缩放、进格、退格等。     

消失模铸造碳钢件内部增碳的研究

用EPS做模型，干砂造型在负压的状态下浇注碳钢，系统研究影响各种工艺条件下EPC法生产碳钢件内部增碳的因素。发现模型分别用石英粉、刚玉粉、锆英粉3种涂料涂覆，浇注碳钢件均有内部增碳现象发生，其中使用石英粉涂料的铸件内部增碳较小，采用底注式浇注，同一铸件随着铸件高度的增加，内部增碳增加。另外，随真空度的增加内部增碳减小。     

Corrosion damage in welded joints in containers

The design of ultrasonic butt welded joints in rigid plastics with additional compressive force is investigated. Two methods of introducing the energy of ultrasonic oscillations in the immediate vicinity of the welding zone with the tangential introduction of the oscillations and the relative displacement of the welded elements in the joint plane and welding with two-sided tangential introduction of the oscillations are discussed.     

安全生产 责任到位——安徽界首田营循环经济工业区抓好安全生产

安徽界首田营循环经济工业区管委会结合春季是企业生产和需求的旺季，也是安全事故多发季的实际，组织工业区所有企业生产车间班、组长以上生产管理人员和职工代表近200人在管委会召开了“安全生产工作会议”。界首市安全、     

挤压铸造合金材料的研究进展

简述了合金材料压力下结晶的强化机理研究状况;讨论了挤压铸造铝合金、锌合金、镁合金及其复合材料的研究进展;指出合理的挤压铸造工艺可细化合金显微组织,提高铸件致密性,改善合金力学性能.