淡盐干鲐抗氧化和包装保藏的研究

文中对以鲐为原料生产的淡盐干制品,采用加工过程中添加BHT、维生素E(浸渍法和喷洒法)等抗氧化剂和加工后的产品采用真空包装、脱氧包装、充氮包装的除氧方法,进行了抗氧化的试验。测定了5℃和10℃保藏过程中的POV、AV、TBA值等油脂氧化指标和VBN、Hm、色泽等产品鲜度质量指标。添加抗氧化剂的抗氧化效果依次为:BHT>维生素E(浸渍法)>维生素E(喷洒法)>对照组;不同包装方法的抗氧化效果依次为:真空包装>充氮包装和脱氧包装>普通包装(对照组)。前3种包装方式的Hm生成量显著减少,而且产品色泽也明显优于对照组;5℃和10℃保藏淡盐干鲐的贮藏期限分别为14天和6天。     

不同包装处理对炒制吊瓜子贮藏保鲜效果的研究

普通包装炒制吊瓜子在贮藏过程中,过氧化值和酸价增加较快,易于变质。采用低透气性的包装材料进行真空包装或添加脱氧剂包装,可明显抑制过氧化值和酸价的增加速度,延缓酸败。同样用PA/PE包装,添加50型脱氧剂和真空包装保质期都可达8个月以上,添加脱氧剂贮藏效果好于真空包装。     

脱氧剂对炒制葵花籽氧化酸败抑制的研究

针对实际生产中原香味葵花籽在储藏中容易发生氧化酸败的情况,选用添加脱氧剂包装对葵花籽进行抑制氧化酸败效果的研究.结果表明:采用低透气性的包装材料添加100型铁系脱氧剂抽真空包装,可明显抑制过氧化值、TBA值和羰基价的增加,延缓酸败.采用CPP/AL/PET/BOPA复合材料包装,添加100型铁系脱氧剂抽真空包装,可使葵花籽中的亚油酸与对照相比高7.36%,同时与对照相比在20℃室温下可以延长货架期到124 d.     

延长花生蛋白粉保质期的研究

研究了采用添加抗氧化剂、抗氧化增效剂、充氮包装等方法延长花生蛋白粉的保质期.通过加速储藏试验,测定过氧化值和酸价确定保质期.结果表明,添加TBHQ0.008%+柠檬酸0.04%配合充氮包装,在60 ℃条件下贮藏24 d时过氧化值为3.15 mmol/kg、酸价为0.604 mg/g,均不超过国家标准,相当于20℃保质期12个月.     

不同抗氧化剂对辐照扒鸡脂肪氧化的影响

本文研究了VC、VE、BHA三种抗氧化剂以及由它们组成的复配抗氧化剂对真空包装辐照扒鸡中脂肪氧化的影响。通过对添加抗氧化剂的辐照扒鸡的过氧化值测定,比较了三种抗氧化剂的抗氧化效果。试验结果表明:添加抗氧化剂可以显著降低辐照扒鸡的过氧化值;单一抗氧化剂以添加0.02%的BHA效果较好;复配抗氧化剂的抗氧化效果优于单一抗氧化剂,复配抗氧化剂以添加0.02%VC、0.01%VE、0.02%BHA效果较好。     

切块火腿综合抗氧化及包装方法

对传统发酵成熟金华火腿切块,表面喷淋复合天然抗氧化剂、涂抹壳聚糖、并加入专用脱氧剂进行真空包装,分析测定在室温条件下从3月到9月储藏6个月时切块火腿的过氧化值(POV)、TBARs值和色差值,研究综合抗氧化包装处理对切块火腿品质的影响。结果表明:切块火腿经喷淋0.05%迷迭香+0.05%VE天然抗氧化剂、涂抹2.5%壳聚糖、加入含Fe量为2.0g脱氧剂真空包装的抗氧化包装处理,从春季到秋季室温贮藏6个月后,其肌肉的POV值和TBARs值分别为3.15meq/kg和0.27mg/kg,显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且在国家标准和国际认可的限量范围内(POV<19.7meq/kg,TBARs<1mg/kg),同时保持较好的感官颜色。     

储藏条件对炒制原香味葵花籽酸败的影响

本实验以炒制原香味葵花籽为研究对象,考察温度、避光、充氮等不同储藏条件对葵花籽贮存中酸价、过氧化值和TBA值的影响。结果表明:葵花籽的酸败速度随温度升高而加快;采用充氮和避光包装均可明显延缓葵花籽的酸败;采用充氮包装的葵花籽,在30℃避光储藏时可以延长30d的货架期。     

不同储藏方式对薏仁米储藏保鲜效果的影响

以兴仁薏仁米为实验材料,对其进行温度梯度、真空包装、降低水分含量及添加抗氧化剂处理,研究不同储藏方式对薏仁米水分含量、脂肪酸值和过氧化值的影响。结果表明:低水分含量储藏能显著抑制薏仁米脂肪酸值的升高,但对过氧化值的变化影响不大。抗氧化剂的添加提高了脂肪酸的含量,一定程度上抑制了过氧化值的升高,但对水分含量无显著影响,其中TBHQ效果最好,能将过氧化值控制在6.3 meq/kg以下。低于15℃的低温储藏和低温真空包装储藏是储藏薏仁米的有效方式,能在储藏过程中显著抑制脂肪酸值和过氧化值的升高并保持水分含量的稳定,可将薏仁米的储藏保鲜期由2个月延长为6个月或6个月以上。     

不同包装形式和复合天然抗氧化剂对猪肉脂肪氧化的影响

利用蜂胶、茶多酚、迷迭香提取物等天然抗氧化剂配制成两种复合抗氧化液(水溶性和脂溶性)对冷却猪肉处理后,分别采用托盘包装、聚乙烯薄膜袋包装和真空包装,对两种复合抗氧化液进行抗氧化及保鲜效果比较。结果表明:两种复合抗氧化剂可以有效地控制脂肪氧化,显著的降低了氧化酸败异味的产生。同时发现,天然脂溶性复合抗氧化剂对鲜肉有明显抑菌和防腐作用,从而起到了抗氧化和保鲜双重功效。两种抗氧化液和真空包装同时应用抑制脂肪氧化和保鲜的效果更好。     

两种包装材料结合真空贮藏对油炸脆枣货架期的预测

为探究低温油炸脆枣贮藏过程中品质劣变规律,采用PET真空包装、PET真空+脱氧剂包装、铝箔真空包装、铝箔真空+脱氧剂四种包装方式,分析不同贮藏温度(25、35、45℃)下酸价和过氧化值的变化,结合Arrhenius公式建立低温油炸脆枣货架期的预测模型。结果表明：不同贮藏温度下四种包装方式的油炸脆枣的酸价、过氧化值呈上升趋势,25℃变化速率低。从包装效果来看,铝箔真空+脱氧剂包装方式油炸脆枣的氧化速率最低(酸价动力学模型K值=0.0131,过氧化值动力学模型K值=0.0147),预测货架期模型R2>0.90,拟合度良好,货架期预测值模型误差小于10%。通过比较不同包装方式真空低温油炸脆枣的品质变化,铝箔真空+脱氧剂包装效果最佳,该包装方式下常温贮藏60 d,酸价上升了0.322 mg/g,过氧化值上升了0.026 g/100 g,预测货架期达180 d。     

Antioxidant Effect of Poleo and Oregano Essential Oil on Roasted Sunflower Seeds

The objective was to evaluate the stability of sensory and chemical parameters in roasted sunflower seeds supplemented with oregano and poleo essential oils; and the consumer acceptability of this product. Four samples were prepared: plain roasted sunflower seeds (Control = RS‐C), and sunflower seeds added with oregano (RS‐O) or poleo (RS‐P) essential oils or BHT (RS‐BHT). Consumer acceptance was determined on fresh samples. The overall acceptance averages were 6.13 for RS‐C, 5.62 for RS‐P, and 5.50 for RS‐O (9‐point hedonic scale). The addition of BHT showed greater protection against the oxidation process in the roasted sunflower seeds. Oregano essential oil exhibited a greater antioxidant effect during storage than poleo essential oil. Both essential oils (oregano and poleo) provided protection to the product, inhibiting the formation of undesirable flavors (oxidized and cardboard). The antioxidant activity that presents essential oils of oregano and poleo could be used to preserve roasted sunflower seeds.     

薏米贮藏过程中异味控制条件的优化

研究贮藏温度、包装方式和抗氧化剂添加量对薏米异味产生程度的影响,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法对薏米贮藏过程中的异味物质进行分析,并通过正交试验对薏米贮藏过程中的异味控制条件进行优化。结果表明：通过控制贮藏温度、包装方式和抗氧化剂添加量能有效抑制薏米贮藏中异味的产生,三者对薏米异味影响的主次顺序为抗氧化剂添加量＞贮藏温度＞包装方式;控制薏米异味的较优条件为贮藏温度4?℃、不透光真空包装、混合抗氧化剂（BHA-TBHQ质量比4∶1）添加量0.01%,此条件下贮藏6个月,薏米异味评分最低为2.5。     

Effect of storage and packaging on fatty acid composition and oxidation in dry fermented sausages made with added olive oil and antioxidants

Dry fermented sausages produced by a partial substitution of pork backfat with pre-emulsified olive oil were manufactured and stored (2 and 5 months) using different packaging conditions (aerobic/vacuum piece/vacuum slices) in order to evaluate the intensity of the oxidation process. Also the effect of the addition of butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) to one of the modified batches was studied. Addition of olive oil, especially with antioxidants, was more effective than using vacuum storing methods in avoiding lipid oxidation during storage. After 5 months of storage at 4 °C, the combination of the increase in oleic acid and the preservation of PUFA by the antioxidant activity of the olive oil emulsion and antioxidants (when added), lead to better MUFA+PUFA/SFA ratios in olive oil containing sausages (1.90-1.98 g/100 g fatty acids) and particularly in antioxidants containing sausages (2.02-2.16 g/100 g) than in control ones (1.72 g/100 g). Vacuum packaging of the piece was the best method to minimise formation of lipid oxidation volatile compounds.     

Oxidative stability of UHT milk as influenced by fatty acid composition and packaging

Control milk and milk enriched with unsaturated fatty acids (3.3% fat) were heated using an indirect ultra-high temperature treatment, then stored at 20 °C in containers from different packaging materials: glass (no exposure to light), high density polyethylene (HDPE) packaging with light barrier (3-HDPE; no exposure to light) and monolayer HDPE (1-HDPE; 1000 lx). The decrease in antioxidant content and the formation of oxidation products were monitored over three months. For milk stored in 1-HDPE packaging, the available antioxidants were consumed at the same rate for both milk types, suggesting that oxidation is initiated in the serum phase. After depletion of these antioxidants, oxidation products were formed according to the fatty acid profile. When using a light barrier in the packaging, no oxidation products could be detected over three months.     

不同抗氧化剂对红松籽油的氧化抑制作用

目的探究3种抗氧化剂对红松籽油的氧化抑制效果。方法采用石油醚浸提法提取红松籽油,以酸价和过氧化值为评价指标,在加速氧化条件下研究了L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、茶多酚棕榈酸酯、脂溶性迷迭香提取物三种抗氧化剂对红松籽油氧化稳定性的影响。结果 3种抗氧化剂均能不同程度延缓红松籽油氧化酸败进程,抑制效果与抗氧化剂的添加量基本呈正相关; L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯(添加量为0.15 g/kg)抑制红松籽油酸价上升的能力最强,而脂溶性迷迭香提取物(添加量为0.60 g/kg)在延缓过氧化物的产生表现出更大优势。结论选择添加0.15 g/kg L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯可以更好地用于食用红松籽油的抗氧化。     

葵花籽不同包装方式储存品质的研究

对黑糖味瓜子的主要原料葵花籽进行研究,对熟制后的葵花籽进行6种不同方式包装,研究产品在食品储存期加速试验中的理化指标及感官变化情况。结果表明:熟制后搭配吸氧剂包装的葵花籽产品质量指标符合GB/T 22165与GB 19300标准要求。不同包装方式产品在0~4个月的加速试验期内,酸价值和过氧化值逐步增加,其中新纸袋未投放吸氧剂的产品在加速试验4个月中酸价值和过氧化值峰值为1.92mg KOH/g与0.811g/100g,储存效果最差;新纸袋加吸氧剂包装的产品酸价值和过氧化值最低,为1.47mg KOH/g与0.051g/100g,储存效果最好。     

宁夏枸杞子非极性提取物在油脂高温氧化中的作用及机理

利用四氯化碳提取宁夏枸杞子的非极性物质。采取Schaal烘箱法研究枸杞子非极性提取物在食用油氧化过程中的作用。结果表明低浓度的非极性提取物对葵花籽油具有良好的氧化抑制作用,对猪油的氧化没有抑制效果;高浓度非极性提取物对猪油、葵花籽油均具有氧化促进作用。     

Oxidative stabilization of cold‐pressed sunflower oil using phenolic compounds of the same seeds

It is known that sunflower seeds are rich in phenols, constituting approximately 1–3 g per 100 g of seeds. The principal phenol is chlorogenic acid (CGA), followed by caffeic acid (CA) and lower quantities of several other compounds. On the contrary, it is known that phenols are present only in trace amounts in cold‐pressed sunflower seed oils. In this study, the possibility of improving the oxidative stability of cold‐pressed sunflower oil is evaluated using phenolic substances constitutive of seeds. Phenols, extracted from two different dehulled sunflower seed samples, were identified, measured and added to a cold‐pressed sunflower oil and compared with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), pure CGA and pure CA. Raw phenolic extract (RPE) was composed of CGA exclusively, whereas CA was present only in traces in its free form was not present. On the contrary, hydrolysable phenol acids (HPAs) were constituted prevalently from CA, released by CGA alkaline hydrolysis. The stabilization effect on oil oxidation at 110 °C was evaluated as 41% and 118% for RPE and HPAs respectively with respect to the control. At 30 °C, no significant differences were recorded between the two seed extracts. Their antioxidant effect was lower than that at 110 °C and evaluated to be, on average 13%. In comparison with BHA, at 30 °C, both seed extracts were more effective than this synthetic phenol; at 110 °C, the antioxidant effect of RPE and BHA was similar, whereas HPA was significantly more effective than BHA. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the phenols present in sunflower seeds can be considered natural antioxidants suitable for stabilizing the oxidation of cold‐pressed sunflower oil, at both low and high temperatures. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

不同抗氧化剂体外抗氧化活性及其对肉品氧化稳定性的影响

为明确GB 2760-2014《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》中允许添加至热加工肉制品使用的不同抗氧化剂的体外抗氧化活性与其抑制肉制品蛋白质氧化和脂肪氧化能力之间的关系,分别测定8种抗氧化剂的体外抗氧化活性(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由...