脉石英热压浸出纯化及热力学机理研究

采用光学显微镜、电子探针、化学成分分析对脉石英原矿进行矿物学研究,显示脉石英原矿中广泛性赋存微细粒钾长石、钠长石、云母及黄铁矿等矿物包裹体,主要杂质元素为Fe、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Na、Li、Mn等。热压浸出结果表明:热压过程导致石英晶格畸变并溶解出填隙在晶格中的金属离子,杂质元素总量由300.37μg/g降至39.18μg/g,总去除率达到86.96%,SiO2含量为99.996%。以单矿物钾长石、钠长石、云母和黄铁矿为研究对象,深入讨论了它们在热压体系中的浸出行为及机理。热力学分析表明,石英及杂质矿物与HF反应的吉布斯自由能均小于零,但杂质矿物远小于石英与HF反应的吉布斯自由能。在热压浸出体系下,HF优先与钾/钠长石、白云母反应。     

混合酸浸出制备高纯石英工艺及机理研究

以湖北某地脉石英矿为原料,采用高梯度强磁选、混合酸浸出工艺进行提纯,利用光学显微镜、EPMA和ICP进行表征。显示脉石英原矿中广泛性赋存微细粒钾长石、钠长石、云母,铁质氧化物及流体包裹体,主要杂质元素为Fe、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Na、Li、Mn。热力学分析表明混合酸浸出体系下混合酸浸出剂能优先与杂质矿物自发反应且其反应速率远大于混合酸浸出剂与脉石英的反应速率,混合酸浸出工艺能有效去除填隙在石英晶格中的杂质金属元素,杂质元素总量降低至40.71μg/g,总去除率达到91.11%,SiO2含量达到99.993%。     

新疆某石英砾石选矿提纯试验研究

新疆某地石英砾石中的主要矿物为石英,SiO_2含量为99.49%,主要杂质元素为Fe、K、Ca、Al和Na,主要杂质矿物为云母和金红石等。为了获得高质量的纯石英砂,在工艺矿物学研究的基础上,按照粗碎—煅烧水淬—中碎—细碎—磁选—浮选—酸浸流程处理矿样,在最佳试验条件下可获得SiO_2品位为99.99%以上、杂质总含量小于55μg/g的高纯石英砂。     

宁夏贺兰山石英砂岩工艺矿物学研究

以宁夏贺兰山石英砂岩为研究对象,采用光学显微镜、电感耦合等离子光谱仪、电子显微探针分析及能谱仪等技术手段,进行岩石矿物学特征、多元素分析测试、杂质包裹体矿物赋存状态以及矿物工艺特征研究。研究结果表明:原矿石中SiO_2的含量为98.48%,脉石矿物主要为粘土矿物、长石、黑云母、绿帘石、磷灰石、金红石及具磁性铁矿物;杂质元素主要为Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、K、Ti、Mn,主要赋存于粘土矿物填隙物中及石英晶体的包裹体内。选用煅烧水淬—研磨擦洗—磁选—酸浸—洗涤—脱水干燥等一系列工艺进行提纯试验,提纯后矿石中SiO_2含量达到了99.949%。     

混合酸热压浸出纯化脉石英及机理

采用混合酸热压浸出方法制备高纯石英。研究了HF、HCl、HNO3浓度、液固比、反应时间、反应温度对热压浸出纯化脉石英的影响。结果表明:在优化的技术条件下,脉石英中杂质金属元素Fe、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Na去除率分别可达67.04%、96.96%、84.97%、73.18%、76.25%及58.97%。热压浸出过程中,混合酸溶液不仅能与石英晶体表面杂质矿物反应,还能沿缝隙扩散进入石英晶体界面或晶体内部,部分填隙式金属原子溶出导致石英晶体中硅氧四面体排列由规则向不规则过渡,即晶格发生畸变,增加了石英晶格中金属原子溶出的几率,有利于石英纯化。     

高纯石英（SiO2）评述（二）:晶格杂质的活化与分离技术

高纯石英著以杂质极少、纯度极高,现已广泛地应用于光纤通信、光伏、航空航天、半导体显示等高新技术产业。广泛赋存于石英晶体结构中的微量金属、非金属元素（H、Li、B、Na、Al、P、K、Ca、Fe、Ti等）因被Si-O-Si键紧密束缚而难以被常规的选矿技术分离。本文详细地阐述了高纯石英中被晶格束缚的微量元素赋存机制,并对国际上高品质石英晶体结构中的微量元素的先进分离技术进行了全面、系统地概述;基于近年来我国高纯石英基础理论研究进展,对我国高纯石英晶格杂质分离的基础理论研究提出合理化的科学建议。      

云南某低品位胶磷矿中倍半氧化物的赋存状态

为了了解云南某低品位胶磷矿中倍半氧化物的赋存状态,采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、工艺矿物学自动定量分析系统(MLA)等测试手段对矿样进行了矿相研究。结果表明,Fe元素主要以独立矿物及类质同象的形式赋存于针铁矿和白云石中,Al元素主要以矿物组成元素及杂质元素的形式存在于钙长石、白云母和石英中;针铁矿、白云石、钙长石、白云母和石英均属于细粒嵌布;大部分针铁矿、白云石、钙长石、白云母、石英和磷灰石相互共生,此外,部分针铁矿被包裹在钙长石中;与其他矿物共生是含倍半氧化物矿物在矿石中的主要存在形式;由于这几种矿物嵌布粒度细且与有用矿物磷灰石紧密共生,因此在选矿过程中应适当提高磨矿细度,且尽早脱除含倍半氧化物矿物。     

石墨浮选精矿碱酸法制备高纯石墨

以固定碳含量92.49%的石墨浮选精矿为原料,采用改进碱酸法(增加了碱洗工序)纯化制备高纯石墨。分析了Si、Al、Fe等主要杂质元素的存在形态,考察了烧碱用量、焙烧温度/时间、水浸液固比/温度/时间以及酸浸硫酸浓度/温度/时间等因素对提纯效果的影响,研究了Si、Al、Fe等杂质在纯化过程中的行为走向。结果表明,石墨浮选精矿中的杂质主要为石英、绢云母等,采用改进碱酸法可以获得高纯石墨,产品固定碳含量可达到99.95%; 采用硫酸浸出可以很好地脱除Si、Al等杂质,而对Fe、Ca等金属离子杂质脱除效果不理想。纯化过程对石墨晶体结构和片状微观形貌均没有造成明显影响。     

常见金属离子对白云母和石英浮选特性的影响

为给白云母和石英浮选分离提供理论基础,在Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe3+、Al3+作用下,分别考察了十二胺和油酸钠作捕收剂时,纯矿物白云母和石英的浮选特性,并测定了其Zeta电位。试验结果表明:（1）金属离子能够提升白云母、石英表面的Zeta电位,从而影响捕收剂在矿物表面上的吸附;（2）十二胺作捕收剂时,Ca2+、Mg2+能提高矿物Zeta电位而减弱十二胺的静电吸附强度,抑制二者上浮;Fe3+、Al3+在矿浆pH=4~6时,可使白云母、石英表面Zeta电位由负变正,极大地削弱十二胺的吸附,抑制浮选;（3）油酸钠作捕收剂时,金属离子均能活化白云母、石英浮选,且金属离子价态越高,活化作用越强;碱性越强,活化作用越明显;Ca2+、Mg2+在强碱性条件下活化作用极强,远强于Al3+、Fe3+。      

叶蜡石国家一级标准物质的研制

随着科学技术的高速发展，标准物质在国民经济各部门中的应用日益加强。标准物质的应用不仅限于控制地质洋品的分析质量，评价新的分析方法和新技术，而且对实现科研和生产管理标准化方面发挥着重要作用。本文主要介绍叶蜡石国家一级标准物质的研制过程。1样品的采集与制备叶蜡石为含水给硅酸盐矿物。叶蜡石化学成分的理论值为：Al2O328．3％，SiO266．7％，H2O5％。矿石中除叶蜡石矿物外，常含有少量的石英、庆石、含铁矿物、迫评名、高岭石及水铝石等。矿石中还常含有微量的Fe、Ti、S、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg等元素。本次研制的标准物质…     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared