一种基于电磁感应原理的角位移参数测量方法

针对目前常规弹药弹体研究领域角位移参数大动态和高精度的测量需求,提出了一种基于电磁感应原理的角位移参数测量方法,并设计了相应的角位移传感器.采用感应线圈获取弹体大转速动态范围内切割地磁场的信息,通过边沿检测和脉冲计数相结合的自适应闭环频率跟踪测量算法测量弹体旋转过程中的实时角位移参数信息,并采用周期清零的方式,消除累积误差.半实物和实物仿真试验结果表明:该角位移传感器不仅能够测量大动态范围内的角位移,拓宽测量范围从600°/s~36000°/s,而且完全消除了测量过程中的累积误差.测量误差小于0.220%,累加误差最大只有0.2°/s,实现了对弹药弹体角位移参数的实时、高精度测量,在姿态测量和地磁导航等应用领域具有一定的工程应用价值.     

差动变压器式大量程精密角位移传感器的设计

设计了一种基于差动变压器原理的大量程精密角位移传感器。阐述了差动变压器式角位移传感器的工作原理,指出了传统传感器的不足。通过衔接法,既扩大了传感器的量程,又提高了传感器的精度。最大量程为±145°,精度可达1%。同时,采用多种温度补偿措施,改善了传感器的工作特性。     

磁阻式传感器在角度测量中的应用

介绍一种利用磁阻式传感器构成的非接触角度自动测量系统。分析了非接触角度测量系统的结构、原理以及信号处理方法,给出了角度测试结果,系统的角度测量范围为0°~180°,测量精度为±0. 5°。     

基于Qsys的时栅信号处理系统设计与实现

为提高时栅传感器位移测量精度和测量分辨力,研究采用FPGA嵌入式锁相环倍频产生4路同频且相位差为45°的高频时钟脉冲作为测量基准,利用多路并行双边沿计数方法对时栅参考信号和时栅感应信号进行相位测量,通过相位差转换得到具有高分辨力的时栅位移信号, 采用Qsys开发平台设计Nios－II软核进行数据处理,利用傅立叶级数谐波修正技术对测量结果进行误差修正,提高时栅传感器的测量精度,在72对极磁场式时栅角位移传感器上进行精度测试,实验结果表明:经过误差修正后,该系统测量的整周误差从－57.2″~ 92.5″下降到－2.0″~2.5″,作为角位移传感器满足高端装备高精度定位需求,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

具有线性输出的霍尔角位移传感器

在工程技术领域,常常要测量角度或以角度为中间量的其它物理量。飞行试验中,更需要测量飞机运动部件的角位移,如飞机的方向舵、升降舵、副翼、襟翼的角位移,飞机的调整片、阻流板、刹车机构、推力控制杆、液压和空调机构的位移以及飞机其它操纵和控制机构的位移,以确定飞机的技术性能。上述测量,一般由角位移传感器来完成。通常使用的是两类传感器:一类是接触式传感器,如电位计式传感器,另一类是非接触式传感器,如电容式、电感式传感器和同步器等。电位计传感器的优点是结构简单、成本低、使用方便。缺点是噪声大、寿命短、易受振动和冲击影响。电容式、电感式传感器和同步器与接触式相此,具有精度高、分辨力高、可靠性高、寿命长等优点,缺点是结构复杂、需要一个复杂的信号调节器。本文介绍的霍尔角     

一种新型磁敏集成角度传感器及其测量系统

研制了一种无触点的十字形两维集成垂直霍尔器件 ,它对平行于芯片表面的磁场敏感。当与被测转角θ的物件轴向相连的径向永久磁铁转动时 ,传感器给出了相对于被测角度的两种信号电压 ,通过接口电路和PC机组成的非接触式测量系统把信号转换为转角θ。测试结果表明该角度传感器及其测量系统的测量精度在 0°～ 36 0°范围内可达± 1°     

基于差动电感式角位移传感器的血栓弹力测量

分析了血栓弹力测量的原理。针对其测量要求,设计了一种变面积差动电感式角位移传感器。详细介绍了传感器的结构,对设计过程做了计算分析。介绍了基于L-C谐振方法的传感器测量电路与测量方法。实验表明,所设计传感器及测量系统的测量结果与角位移有良好的线性关系,系统分辨率不低于0.01?。     

智能化铁路罐车液位测量系统的设计

设计了一种智能化铁路罐车液位测量系统。系统采用电容式差压传感器来获得罐车内液体的高度,采用热敏电阻器作为温度探测元件对系统进行温度补偿。传感器的输出通过C/U转换电路及A/D转换后输入单片机进行数据处理显示罐车内液位的高度。实验表明:测量系统的分辨力达到1 mm;测量误差不大于±5mm。该系统对于液位的测量具有较高的精度,可以实现铁路罐车液位测量的自动化。     

小型飞行器地面定位系统中角位移传感器的设计与实现

针对小型飞行器无线电地面定位系统的指标要求,设计出一种数字化高精度角位移传感器。介绍了角位移传感器的系统组成与原理设计,通过分析选择了以旋转变压器作为角位移采集器的设计思路,给出了角位移传感嚣的硬件设计,并详细论述了软件设计中的数据采集与数据处理方法。通过对系统进行实验室静态测试和飞行过程动态测试,其测试结果与固定方位角或GPS数据拟合良好。误差分析表明:给出的角位移传感器设计合理,精度满足系统指标要求,可推广应用于其他领域的角位移测量系统。     

单管计算电容式液位传感器的仿真与特性研究

计算电容式液位传感器采用计算电容原理,经过单管式轻量化的结构改良设计.为探究改良结构对传感器特性的影响,针对单管计算电容式液位传感器建立有限元模型,利用分析软件ANSYS仿真分析几个重要结构参数对传感器灵敏度的影响.特性试验表明:传感器输入输出曲线与仿真结果具有良好的一致性;在0~200 mm量程内传感器线性度为±0.8%,回程误差为±0.03 pF,液位测量的最大引用误差为-1.0%FS.该研究为计算电容式液位传感器的结构优化提供了理论基础,有利于该新型传感器在航空、航天燃料液位测量领域的应用推广.     

基于80C196单片机的角位移智能测量系统研究

本文介绍一种以多瓣极电容传感器为敏感元件,以80C196单片微机为控制核心构成的角位移智能测量系统。文中详细分析了多瓣极电容传感器的结构、特点及工作原理,叙述了该系统的硬件框图及软件流程图,并给出系统的测量误差。     

Differential phase shifters using corrugated,ridge, and fin loaded waveguides

One means of converting the port conditions of a magic‐tee into those of a 90° hybrid is to introduce external sections of waveguide at the symmetrical H‐plane output ports having the necessary 90° phase difference. The purpose of this article is to describe a number of realizations of such differential phase shifters (DPS), including an exact synthesis procedure not requiring computer optimization. A typical design consists of a capacitively loaded waveguide for one section and an essentially inductive waveguide for the other. The latter is simply a uniform waveguide of reduced width when compared with that of the capacitive section. An example capacitive ridge DPS exhibits a maximum phase error of ±2° over a 20% bandwidth in WR75 waveguide with a return loss of better than 40 dB and an insertion loss <0.06 dB. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.     

一种可同时测量位移和角度的电容式传感器设计

提出了一种可同时测量位移和角度的变面积式差动电容传感器的设计方案。位移测量范围为-50～50mm,准确度可达0.2mm,角度测量范围为0～180°,准确度可达0.5°。通过在结构上采用介质差动法,该传感器克服了边缘效应的影响,具有测量范围宽、线性度良好、受温度影响小等优点。     

A meta-surface loaded,low profile 28 GHz phased array antenna

A low-profile wide-scan phased array for 28 GHz 5G band operation, based on the current sheet array (CSA) concept, is presented in this work. The array is dual-polarized with horizontally and vertically polarized dipoles are placed in close proximity to leverage intentional capacitive coupling. A meta-surface based on fully split rings is printed on the top of the matching layer, contributing to wide-scan performance. A capacitive metallic plate is placed below the cross-section formed between orthogonal dipole elements to subdue the in-band coupled-loop modes. The design is demonstrated to operate at 26–30 GHz with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <3 for ±60° scanning in principal planes, with a low-profile 0.26λ_h. The simulations are validated by measuring an 8 × 8 array prototype, which shows good agreement with the simulated predictions.     

A hybrid capacitive pressure and temperature sensor fabricated by adhesive bonding technique for harsh environment of kraft pulp digesters

We have developed a compensated capacitive pressure and temperature sensor for kraft pulp digesters (pH 13.5, temperatures 25–175°C reaching a local maximum of 180°C and pressures up to 2 MPa). The gauge capacitive pressure sensor was fabricated by bonding silicon and Pyrex chips using a high temperature, low viscosity UV (ultraviolent) adhesive as the gap-controlling layer and heat curing adhesive as the bonding agent. A simple chip bonding technique, involving insertion of the adhesive into the gap between two chips was developed. A platinum thin-film wire was patterned on top of a silicon chip to form a resistance temperature detector (RTD) with a nominal resistance of 1,500 Ω. A silicon dioxide layer and a thin layer of Parylene were deposited to passivate the pressure sensor diaphragm and the sensors were embedded into epoxy for protection against the caustic environment in kraft digesters. The sensors were tested up to 2 MPa and 170°C in an environment chamber. The maximum thermal error of ±1% (absolute value of ±20 kPa) full scale output (FSO) and an average sensitivity of 0.554 fF/kPa were measured. Parylene-coated silicon chips were tested for a full kraft pulping cycle with no signs of corrosion.     

Design,analysis and simulation of a novel linear capacitive tilt micro-sensor

A new capacitive structure for tilt sensor based on the MEMS technology is designed, analyzed and simulated. With a detailed analysis, we achieve to a precise relation between capacitance and inclination angle. Taking advantage of cylindrical structure in our design, we reach to a linear relationship between capacitance and tilt angle. In three designs of our capacitive tilt micro-sensor, there are 1, 2 and 4 micro capacitors. These capacitors have a common plate of mercury which is movable. Another plate is fixed. Displacement of mercury according to the deflection tends to the variations of capacitors and subsequently total capacitance of the tilt micro-sensor changes. In each of three designs for this micro-sensor, output capacitance (C_out) is introduced with a special equation for obtaining a linear and continues relationship between C_out and tilt angle. The last proposed micro-sensor structure with 4 micro capacitors, shows linear relationship for C_out over tilt measurement range of ?180° to +180° on one axis besides proper sensitivity.     

梳齿的不平行对电容式微机械传感器阶跃信号响应的影响

分析了梳齿电容式传感器在三种电容驱动方式下,梳齿电容极板的不平行对传感器受到阶跃加速度信号作用时可靠工作条件的影响。得到了梳齿倾斜效应对传感器阶跃加速度响应影响的分析模型。结果表明梳齿电容在同样的电压驱动下,若电容极板的倾斜角变到0.5°时,对于单边电容结构、双边电容结构和有力反馈的双边电容结构,传感器能够承受的临界阶跃加速度分别变为电容极板完全平行时的0.34、0.44、0.52。并针对DRIE工艺刻蚀梳齿的原理,讨论了改进梳齿不平行的方法。     

转动极板悬空设计的数字电容角位移传感器及其温度特性测试

在比例式电容测角原理的基础上,设计了一种转动极板为金属材质且为电气悬空设计的数字型角位移传感器,满足180°的测量范围.该传感器具有本质可靠性,无需额外补偿环节,即可对环境温度,潮湿,灰尘等共模干扰具有良好的抑制作用.针对快速变化的温场,进行了基于该原理的角位移传感器的温度特性测试.在环境温度从-15℃升到 65℃,以约6℃/分钟速度变化的过程中,三台样机的最大峰峰值温漂值为0.085%/10℃,实验周期内的最大稳态温漂值为0.07%/10℃,标准不确定度小于0.1%,在以同样温变速度进行的-30℃～ 80℃的宽温实验中,最大峰峰值温漂值小于0.2%/10℃.结果表明,其温漂指标优于目前基于差动测量原理的主流产品.     

MEMS variable‐capacitor phase shifters part II: Reflection‐type phase shifters

A novel design procedure for reflection‐type phase shifters using capacitive devices is developed. Using this approach, a phase shifter for operation at 26.5 GHz is developed using MEMS variable capacitors reported in Part I of this article. A design optimization procedure is discussed. Design of a CPW hybrid at 26.5 GHz (as needed for this phase shifter) is also discussed. Experimental results validate the design procedure and yield a phase shift of 179.30° at 26.5 GHz. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 13: 415–425, 2003.     

Three-axis pneumatic tactile display with integrated capacitive sensors for feedback control

In this paper, we propose a three-axis pneumatic tactile display that is precisely controlled by using integrated capacitive displacement sensors. The proposed tactile display consists of a core body with a 3 × 3 balloon array on its top surface, four lateral balloons made of latex rubber, and inner and outer frames that include capacitive displacement sensors based on a flexible printed circuit board. The 3 × 3 balloon array on the core body is designed to apply normal haptic stimulation to a human fingertip. In addition, the lateral motions of the core body and each frame produce haptic stimulation in a tangential direction. Precise control of lateral motion was achieved by feedback control using the capacitive displacement sensors. The size of the fabricated tactile display was 26 × 26 × 18 mm³. We experimentally performed manipulation of the proposed device with a custom control system, thereby demonstrating accurate control of displacement.