紫外分光光度法测定面粉中的过氧化苯甲酰

本文基于在酸性条件下,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)能把Fe2 氧化成Fe3 ,再与邻菲罗啉发生褪色反应,建立了紫外分光光度法测定面粉中过氧化苯甲酰的方法.测定过氧化苯甲酰线性范围为1.0 ×10-7g/mL-3.2×10-6g/mL和3.2 ×10-6g/mL～2.4×10-5g/mL,检出限6.0×10～g/mL,对8.0 ×10-7g/mL过氧化苯甲酰连续11次测定的相对标准偏差RSD为4.2%,已用于面粉中过氧化苯甲酰的测定.     

磷锑钼蓝分光光度法测定大米和面粉中磷

该文采用酸度为0.10 mol/L的硫酸作为介质,磷(Ⅴ)与钼酸铵发生显色反应生成淡黄色络合物,在抗坏血酸和酒石酸锑钾的还原下变成蓝色络合物。在磷锑钼蓝分光光度法的基础上,研究加入铋(Ⅲ)之后对测定磷的影响,发现铋(Ⅲ)的引入,使测定磷的灵敏度提高54.6%。体系最大吸收波长在708 nm,磷含量在0.040~0.90μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈现良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为A=1.859C+0.079,线性相关系数r=0.999 5,其表观摩尔吸光系数ε708nm=6.19×104L/mol/cm,方法检出限为0.023μg/mL。该法可成功地测定食物大米和面粉中磷的含量。     

增效试剂在动力学分析法中的应用研究锰(Ⅱ)—高碘酸钾—氨三乙酸—PAN—Triton X—100催化体系

本文报道了以 Triton X—100为增溶剂,高碘酸钾氧化 PAN 催化光度法测定痕量锰的新体系。方法的检出限为3.6×10~(-3)μg/mL,精密度为2.4%(n=9),线性范围为0.10～1.3μg/25mL,可用于谷物样品中锰的测定。     

流动注射化学发光法测定伏杀硫磷

基于伏杀硫磷对过氧化氢和鲁米诺在碱性条件下化学发光有抑制作用,本文建立了一种伏杀硫磷的流动注射化学发光(FI-CL)检测方法。伏杀硫磷在1.0×10-7-1.0×10-5g/mL范围内与发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检测限(S/N=3)为3.1×10-8g/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.21%,对甘蓝样品进行加标回收率测定,回收率在90.2%-97.4%之间。     

顺序注射-化学发光联用技术测定氢化可的松含量

基于酸性条件下,氢化可的松对高锰酸钾-亚硫酸钠体系发光反应具有明显的增敏作用,本文研究建立了顺序注射化学发光测定氢化可的松含量的分析新方法。在优化的实验条件下,氢化可的松的质量浓度在1.0×10-9～1.0×10-6 g/mL范围内与发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限(3σ)为5.6×10-10g/mL。对浓度为5×10-8g/mL氢化可的松进行11次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为1.99%。经实验,本体系具有快速、准确、简便、试剂消耗少、灵敏度高、线性范围宽等特点,应用于注射液中氢化可的松含量的测定,结果与标准方法一致。     

氢化物—原子荧光法测定饮用水中砷的方法研究与改进

应用氢化物—原子荧光法测定生活饮用水中的砷含量,实验过程中发现绘制的标准曲线和已知浓度水样的测定结果均存在较大误差,通过分析确定起还原剂和掩蔽作用的抗坏血酸在测定过程中存在干扰。在改进方法后,只用硫脲作为还原剂和稳定剂而不加抗坏血酸后测定的标准曲线的线性相关系数为0.9997、检出限为0.035μg/mL,用砷标准溶液6.00μg/L的浓度测得相对标准偏差RSD=2.67%,加标回收率为96.5%-102.5%。实际水样的测定结果也符合国家标准。证明该改进方法对于测定低含量砷且杂质离子未达到影响结果测定浓度时的水样具有过程简单、可靠性强的优点。     

钌联吡啶-硫酸铈铵化学发光法测定果蔬中的甲胺磷

本文研究了在碱性介质中,甲胺磷对Ru(bpy)32+-Ce(IV)化学发光体系发光淬灭的现象,结合流动注射技术,建立了测定甲胺磷的新方法。甲胺磷溶液浓度在5.0×10-4μg/mL-1.0μg/mL范围内与化学发光强度呈现良好的线性关系。该方法的检测限为5.78×10-5μg/mL,加标回收率在99%-106%对实际样品进行回收实验,结果令人满意。     

高效液相色谱法测定桶装水及水桶中双酚A含量

该文建立固相萃取/高效液相色谱测定桶装水及水桶中双酚A含量的方法。桶装水样品经C18固相萃取柱富集,水桶用二氯甲烷溶解甲醇提取双酚A;采用C18色谱柱,以乙腈-水(V/V,60:40)为流动相,检测波长224 nm,高效液相色谱法测定双酚A含量。在最优检测条件下,双酚A在0.4～10μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.999 8),方法的检出限为0.069μg/mL,定量限为0.23μg/mL,平均回收率为98.3%。该方法简便、灵敏、重现性好,所抽取桶装水中并未检测到双酚A的存在,水桶材质中检测出双酚A的含量为37.1μg/g。     

高效液相色谱法鉴定嫌疑药丸中西地那非

本文研究了药丸中西地那非的高效液相色谱法鉴定。色谱柱为XDB-C18,5μm,4.6×150mm,二极管阵列检测器检测230nm(带宽4nm),流动相为35%乙睛+65%0.025mmol/L KH2PO4(含0.1‰v/v乙二胺)(pH5.57),流速1mL/min。样品用水溶解,外标法定量。检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为3μg/mL,定量限(LOQ,S/N=5)为4μg/mL。1000μg/mL、600μg/mL和200μg/mL的回收率分别为98.8%、101.3%和99.9%。6次测定600μg/mL和200μg/mL的相对标准偏差(RSD%)分别为2.4%和2.6%。在20～1000μg/mL范围内线型回归方程为Y=16.692X+50.17(Y为相应信号,mAU;X为浓度,μg/mL),回归系数R2为0.9998。该方法样品处理简单,定量准确度高,干扰小,可用于药丸中西地那非的法庭科学鉴定。     

Meso—四—(4—甲基,3—磺基苯基)卟啉分光光度法测定葡萄糖酸锌含量

本文研究了在抗坏血酸存在下TTPS_4与Zn(Ⅱ)的显色反应。结果表明:在PH为4.40的NaAc—HAc缓冲体系中,以抗坏血酸和吐温—60为辅助配位剂,在沸水浴中加热8分钟,Zn(Ⅱ)与TTPS_4即形成稳定的高灵敏度配合物,最大吸收波长位于430 nm,ε_(430)=5.5×10~5。Zn(Ⅱ)浓度在0～0.120μg/ml范围内遵守比耳定律。应用此法直接测定补锌口服液葡萄糖酸锌含量,结果满意。     

Determination of serotonin on a glassy carbon electrode modified by electropolymerization of meso-tetrakis(2-aminophenyl)porphyrin and single walled carbon nanotubes

A chemically modified electrode [poly(TAPP)-SWNT/GCE] was prepared by electropolymerization of meso-tetrakis(2-aminophenyl)porphyrin (TAPP)-single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). This modified electrode was employed as an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of serotonin concentration and exhibited a typical enhance effect on the current response of serotonin and lower oxidation overpotential. The biosensor was very effective to determined 5-HT in a mixture. The linear response was in the range 2.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 x 10(-5) M, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 [i(p)(microA) = 3.406 C (microM)+0.132] on the anodic current, with a detection limit of 1 x 10(-9) M. Due to the relatively low currents and different potentials in the electrochemical responses to ascorbic acid and dopamine, the modified electrode is a useful and effective sensing device for the selective and sensitive serotonin determination in the presence of ascorbic acid and dopamine.     

毛细管胶束电动色谱法用于石韦药材中绿原酸、槲皮素和山奈酚的分离测定

本文采用毛细管电泳胶束电动色谱法同时分离测定石韦中绿原酸、山奈酚、槲皮素含量,同时讨论了运行缓冲液的pH值、浓度以及表面活性剂SDS浓度等条件对分离的影响。以未涂层石英毛细管（75μm×70cm,有效长度60cm）为分离通道,电泳介质为20mmol/LNa2B4O7-H3BO3缓冲液（pH8.7）＋40mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）,压力进样（0.5Psi,10s）,分离电压21kV,检测波长254nm,柱温25℃,三组分在10min内达到基线分离。在最佳分离条件下,绿原酸、槲皮素、山奈酚在两个数量级范围内峰面积与浓度之间有着良好的线性关系,检测限分别为：0.2μg/mL,0.4μg/mL,0.5μg/mL,相关系数不低于0.999。在石韦实际样品的测定中,绿原酸、槲皮素、山奈酚的平均回收率分别为99.3%,106.1%,109.2%。该方法简单、快速、准确、重现性好,可作为天然药物石韦的质量检验与控制的一种有效工具。     

流动注射化学发光法测定杀扑磷

基于杀扑磷对过氧化氧和鲁米诺在碱性条件下化学发光有抑制作用,本文建立了一种杀扑磷的流动注射化学发光（FI-CL）检测方法。杀扑磷在1．0×10^-7-1．0×10^-3g／mL范围内与发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检测限（S/N=3）为7．3×10^-8g,／mL,测定相对标准偏差（RSD）为1．26％,对柑橘样品进行加标回收率测定,回收率在89．5％-92．6％之间。     

Spectrophotometric determination of aluminium and indium with 2,2',3,4-tetrahydroxy-3',5'-disulphoazobenzene

2,2',3,4-Tetrahydroxy-3',5'-disulphoazobenzene (tetrahydroxyazon 2S) has been synthesized for the first time. This reagent has been used for the spectrophotometric determination of aluminium and indium ions. The method is very sensitive and selective for the direct determination of aluminium and indium. The optimum pH and absorbance of complexes formed of tetrahydroxyazon 2S with aluminium and indium are 5; 500 nm and 495 nm for Al and In, respectively. The system obeys Beer's law at 0.05-1.6 microg mL(-1) of aluminium and 0.06-2.1 microg mL(-1) of indium concentration. The molar absorptivity is 6.42 x 10(4)L mol(-1)cm(-1) for aluminium and 7.70 x 10(4)L mol(-1)cm(-1) for indium. The molar compositions of the complexes are 1:1 at optimum conditions. Alkaline and alkaline earth elements, halogens, thiourea, ascorbic acid, Cd(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cr(III), Bi(III), La(III), Si(IV) do not interfere this method. The method can be applied to the direct spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of aluminium in steel, alloys, waste water, river waters, spring water and ground water. The method was also successfully applied to the indium determination in artificial mixture.     

Dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls using magnesium and acidified alcohols

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were widely used in industry until their regulation in the 1970s. However, due to their inherent stability, they are still a widespread environmental contaminant. A novel method of degradation of PCBs (via hydrodehalogenation) has been observed using magnesium powder, a carboxylic acid, and alcohol solvents and is described in this paper. The rates of degradation were determined while varying the type of acid (formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, benzoic, ascorbic, and phosphoric), the amount of magnesium from 0.05 to 0.25 g, the amount of acetic acid from 0.5 to 50 μL and the concentration of PCB-151 from 0.1 to 50 μg/mL, as well as the alcohol solvent (methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, octanol, and decanol). The results of these studies indicate that the most rapid PCB dechlorination is achieved using a matrix consisting of at least 0.02 g Mg/mL ethanol, and 10 μL acetic acid/mL ethanol in which case 50 ng/μL of PCB-151 is dechlorinated in approximately 40 min.     

银-过硫酸钾-钍试剂体系催化光度法测定痕量银

本文研究了在pH=4.5的HAc-NaAc介质中,以2,2’-联吡啶为活化剂,过硫酸钾氧化钍试剂催化动力学光度法测定痕量银的新方法。本法检测限为2.49×10-3μg/mL;相对标准偏差为3.3%(n=11);线性范围为0.004~0.048μg/mL。可用于测定黑白相纸液中的银和氯化银的溶度积。     

Enhanced luminescence of lanthanide complexes by silver nanoparticles for ciprofloxacin determination

We present the enhancement of luminescence of europium complex, Eu(3+)-ciprofloxacin (CIP), in the presence of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for the CIP determination. The increment of the luminescence intensity of the Eu(3+)-CIP complex with Ag NPs was obtained due to the transfer of resonance energy to the fluorophores through the interaction of the excited-state fluorophores and surface plasmon electron in the metal nano surface. The luminescence intensity of Eu3+ was enhanced by complexation with CIP at 614 nm after excitation at 373 nm corresponding to the 5D0-7F2 transitions of Eu3+ ion. Based on the above phenomenon, a sensitive and rapid spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the CIP determination. Linearity of the calibration curve was obtained in the range of 2.0 x 10(-10)-1.0 x 10(-8) g mL(-1) with correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The limit of detection of CIP was found to be 1.9 x 10(-11) g mL(-1) with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.19% for 5 replicate measurements of 5.0 x 10(-7) g mL(-1) of CIP. The present method has been successfully applied for CIP determination in pharmaceutical and biological samples.     

Speciation of chromium in water samples with cloud point extraction separation and preconcentration and determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

A novel method has been developed for the speciation of chromium in natural water samples based on cloud point extraction (CPE) separation and preconcentration, and determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). In this method, Cr(III) reacts with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoylpyrazol-5-one (PMBP) yielding a hydrophobic complex, which then is entrapped in the surfactant-rich phase, whereas Cr(VI) remained in aqueous phase. Thus, separation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) could be realized. Total chromium was determined after the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by using ascorbic acid as reducing reagent. PMBP was used not only as chelating reagent in CPE procedure, but also as chemical modifier in GFAAS determination of chromium. The detection limit for Cr(III) was 21 ng L(-1) with an enrichment factor of 42, and the relative standard deviation was 3.5% (n=7, c=10 ng mL(-1)). The proposed method has been applied to the speciation of chromium in natural water samples with satisfactory results.