丙烯酸表面修饰法制备纳晶TiO2薄膜的研究

采用sol—gel法制备纳晶TiO2薄膜，在溶胶的制备过程中加入丙烯酸对纳米TiO2胶体颗粒进行表面修饰。溶胶的透射电镜(TEM)分析表明，丙烯酸的表面修饰作用可以抑制在制备和陈放过程中胶体颗粒的团聚。采用原位程序升温，使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对TiO2粉体由锐钛矿向金红石的转变过程(A→R)进行了考察，结果显示，晶粒的迅速生长和晶型的转变有着密切的联系；此外，丙烯酸的修饰作用能显著提高A→R的温度，且有助于抑制热处理过程中纳晶TiO2颗粒的团聚。TiO2薄膜的原子力显微照片(AFM)表明，丙烯酸修饰法制备的TiO2薄膜，膜层均匀连续，颗粒为纳米尺度。     

氧化铝粉体表面纳米化修饰及其在耐磨涂层中的应用

在低温条件(80℃)下,以钛酸丁酯为原料,利用胶溶–回流法在氧化铝粉体表面制备了纳米TiO2颗粒.通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、X光电子能谱仪、BET等检测手段对复合颗粒的表面形貌、包覆层相组成、比表面积等进行了表征.结果表明,纳米TiO2颗粒在微粉表面形成纳米薄膜修饰层,包覆层主要为锐钛矿型相,表面纳米化修饰后氧化铝粉体表面的粗糙度显著增加,比表面积较包覆前提高了30倍以上.将经表面纳米化修饰后的微粉应用于以有机硅改性环氧树脂为基体的耐磨涂层中,其磨损失重仅为包覆前复合耐磨涂层的55%,耐磨性显著提高,并初步讨论了复合耐磨涂层的摩擦磨损性能.     

CdS/CNT-TiO2光催化剂的合成及其对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解（英文）

采用多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,分别以醋酸镉((CH3COO)2Cd.2H2O)和硫化钠(Na2S.5H2O)为镉源和硫源,经简单逐滴滴入途径制备了CdS/CNT复合材料。再以四丁氧基钛(TNB)为钛源,苯为溶剂,成功地将二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米粒子沉积在CdS修饰的MWCNTs表面而得到CdS/CNT-TiO2光催化剂。利用N2吸附等温线、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、能量分散性X射线分析以及透射电子显微镜对所制CdS/CNT-TiO2光催化剂进行表征。CdS/CNT-TiO2复合材料呈多孔结构,MWCNTs均匀分散在材料中,且未出现明显的TiO2和CdS纳米颗粒团聚体。该材料在紫外和可见光照射下对亚甲基蓝具有优异的降解活性。这不仅归因于TiO2对自由基的反应和MWCNTs吸附能力,且归因于引入窄带隙半导体CdS,使粒子在MWCNTs表面的电子转移速率得到提高。     

SiC粉体表面纳米化修饰及其在耐磨涂料中的应用

以钛酸丁酯为原料,利用溶胶-回流法在微米碳化硅粉体表面制备了纳米级TiO2颗粒.通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、X光电子能谱仪等检测手段对复合颗粒的表面形貌、包覆层相组成等进行了表征.结果表明,表面纳米化修饰后粉体表面的粗糙度显著增加.将经表面纳米化修饰后的微粉应用于以有机硅改性环氧树脂为基体的耐磨涂料中,较未经表面纳米化修饰的SiC粉体填料,耐磨涂料的磨损失重减少了43％.     

TiO_2纳米颗粒/纳米棒阵列复合薄膜的制备及其光电催化性能

以金属钛箔为钛源,采用双氧水和盐酸体系,通过水热法制备合成TiO2纳米棒阵列薄膜,并通过调节双氧水和盐酸的用量,调控TiO2纳米棒阵列薄膜的微观形貌和物相构成。结合溶剂挥发自组装法将TiO2纳米颗粒引入纳米棒阵列中,得到复合型TiO2光催化剂。以亚甲基蓝为模拟污染物,考察TiO2复合薄膜的光催化活性。通过扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)测试对TiO2复合薄膜的物相和表面形貌等进行了表征,并采用电化学交流阻抗法(EIS)分析其表面电荷转移特性。TiO2纳米颗粒/纳米棒阵列复合薄膜在光电协同条件下,展示出高的光电催化活性。     

Cu/TiO2 纳米线的制备及其光催化性能

以P25粉体为原料,采用水热法合成了TiO2 纳米线,通过NaBH4还原CuCl2溶液,在TiO2纳米线的表面负载了Cu纳米颗粒.利用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)对产物进行了表征.结果表明,Cu纳米粒子均匀分散在纳米线表面,并且该Cu/TiO2纳米线在可见光区域表现出较强的吸收性能.光催化降解酸性红3R染料溶液测试表明,在TiO2纳米线表面负载Cu纳米颗粒对提高其催化性能具有积极作用.     

水杨酸和精氨酸改性二氧化钛颗粒的制备及其在油-水界面的光催化反应

采用浸渍改性法将水杨酸与精氨酸同时接枝到纳米TiO₂表面制备了水杨酸和精氨酸共改性二氧化钛颗粒(TiO₂-SA/Arg), 并采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热失重分析(TGA)、紫外-可见光漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高倍透射电子显微(HRTEM)、表面接触角测试及粒度分布分析等技术对材料的形貌、结构及性能进行表征, 同时研究了催化剂对硝基苯的吸附性能及在油-水界面的吸附能力。结果表明: 水杨酸和精氨酸分别以螯合和桥连结构稳定修饰到TiO₂表面, 与未改性TiO₂相比, 水杨酸和精氨酸共改性TiO₂疏水性及分散性更好, 对硝基苯的吸附能力更强, 并可在油-水界面稳定吸附形成O/W型Pickering乳液。研究了Pickeing乳液光催化体系对硝基苯的去除能力, 与悬浮体系相比, 改性颗粒稳定的Pickering乳液体系对高浓度硝基苯去除效率较高。     

浸渍法在玻璃单层上选择沉积TiO2薄膜

以硅烷偶联剂作为表面修饰剂,在大气气氛中于普通载玻片上的有机单层上选择沉积制备出TiO2薄膜.使用差示扫描量热-失重(DSC-TG)分析、X射线衍射(XRD)分别对TiO2薄膜的凝胶前驱体和TiO2粉末进行表征,并对TiO2薄膜进行了X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析.结果表明,所制备的TiO2薄膜是纳米级的锐钛矿单层膜.     

TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜的制备及表征

在聚丙烯腈(PAN)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)体系中加入钛酸四丁脂水解溶胶,通过静电纺丝技术得到纳米纤维膜,经预氧化、炭化、活化制备出TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱、热分析、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射以及测定Zeta电位和表面接触角等手段对TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜进行表征。结果表明,当V(PAN)∶V(DMF)∶V(Ti(OH)4)溶胶=3∶17∶3时,可制得纤维直径为600～700nm的TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜。纳米TiO2在TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜中分布均匀,晶型结构易于控制;TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜有较强的光催化活性和吸附活性,可以作为环境功能材料使用。     

ZnO/TiO_2纳米管的制备及光降解性能研究

采用水热法合成TiO2纳米管,在碱性条件下与乙酸锌的无水乙醇溶液反应,得到表面负载ZnO的TiO2复合纳米管(ZnO/TNTs),并研究了复合纳米管在紫外光照射下对罗丹明B的光催化降解性能。通过透射电镜(TEM)、电子衍射能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)和紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)对所合成的材料进行了表征。结果表明,TiO2纳米管管径约5~10nm,管长约0.1~1μm;经ZnO表面修饰后,纳米管的结构没有发生明显变化,且ZnO粒子呈六方晶系纤锌矿结构均匀分散在纳米管的外表面,粒径约为6nm;光谱分析表明,ZnO/TNTs的吸收光谱有明显红移;且ZnO/TNTs的光催化活性较锐钛矿型TiO2纳米粉末、ZnO纳米粉末和TiO2纳米管有显著提高,且其光催化性能重复性好。     

PMOCOPV/TiO2纳米复合材料的微观结构与性能

采用原位聚合方法制备聚(2-甲氧基-5-辛氧基)对苯乙炔(PMOCOPV)/二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米复合材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热失重(TG)等方法对纳米复合材料的微观结构与性能进行表征。结果显示,纳米复合材料中TiO2并不是简单地与PMOCOPV分子共混,而是被PMOCOPV分子链缠绕包裹;纳米复合材料为分散均匀的球形微粒,粒径尺寸为60nm～80nm左右;同PMOCOPV相比,纳米复合材料结晶性随着TiO2含量增加而增强,且热稳定性提高。     

Characterization of the structures of size-selected TiO2 nanoparticles using X-ray absorption spectroscopy

To investigate the relationship between the size and structure of TiO(2) nanoparticles, three size-selected samples of TiO(2) nanoparticles were prepared via a hydrolysis method that uses Ti[OCH(CH(3))(2)](4) as the starting material. The structures of the nanoparticles were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Analysis of the XRD patterns and of the TEM images showed that the samples were dispersed, with an average particle size of approximately 30 nm (sample A), approximately 12 nm (sample B), and approximately 7 nm (sample C). Their X-ray absorption spectra indicate that samples A and B have an anatase structure, whereas sample C has a structure very similar to that of the TiO( 2) II phase, which generally arises only under high-pressure conditions. This difference can be attributed to size-induced radial pressure within the smaller nanoparticles, which plays an important role in the phase of TiO(2) nanoparticles in sample C.     

金属Cd~(2+)掺杂TiO_2纳米颗粒的制备及能级结构的影响机理

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Cd2+掺杂改性TiO2纳米颗粒,利用XRD、TEM、XPS和UV-Vis光谱对掺杂前后颗粒的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的Cd2+掺杂TiO2纳米颗粒主要为锐钛矿相,粒径尺寸在20nm左右,掺杂前后TiO2的尺寸和形貌没有明显变化;结构表征和光谱测试结果发现,Cd元素在TiO2纳米颗粒中部分取代TiO2晶格中的Ti元素,以Cd2+的形式存在,形成Cd—O键,使TiO2纳米颗粒的吸收带边红移,降低了TiO2的禁带宽度。并且采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理对Cd掺杂TiO2进行了能级结构的模拟计算,发现理论结果与实验结果有较好一致性。     

TiO2纳米颗粒/纳米线复合光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池

首先采用水热合成技术制备TiO2纳米线粉末,然后采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备钛酸丁酯溶胶,向溶胶中加入适量的TiO2纳米线制备凝胶浆体,采用浸渍提拉法在透明导电玻璃上制备TiO2纳米颗粒/TiO2纳米线复合薄膜的光阳极.通过XRD、SEM,电池的I-V特性和电化学阻抗谱测试,研究TiO2纳米线的添加量对光阳极的结构、形貌和电...     

TiO2-grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) comprised of TiO2 porous films with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were prepared at low temperature (150 degrees C). MWNT were incorporated to facilitate the fast electron transport resulting from metallic properties of carbon nanotubes. In order to enhance the effect of MWNT incorporation, TiO2-grafted MWNT (TiO2-MWNT) was synthesized which can increase the electron transport rate further due to proximity of TiO2 to MWNT The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of MWNT was confirmed by electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. As in the DSSCs prepared through high temperature sintering of photoanodes, the maximum content of MWNT incorporated into TiO2 was limited to 0.01 wt% relative to TiO2. TiO2 photoanodes including TiO2-grafted MWNT (TiO2-MWNT/P25) enhanced the cell efficiencies by ca. 28% and 14%, relative to TiO2 photoanodes without and with MWNT respectively, reaching the efficiency of 5.0%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized to examine the effect of incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles grafted to MWNT on the cell performance.     

TiO2 nanoparticles co-doped with silver and nitrogen for antibacterial application

We have prepared a series of TiO2 nanoparticles for antibacterial applications. These TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the hydrolysis precipitation method with Ti(OBu)4, silver nitrate and ammonia. Crystal structure, particle size, interfacial structure and UV-visible light response of the prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRs). The XRD spectra showed that all samples were anatase structure calcined at 450 degrees C for 3 hours. The Ag doping made the peak of diffraction wider. The results of TEM showed that the nanoparticles of TiO2, N-TiO2 and 1% Ag-N-TiO2 were all spherical in shape and well distributed with a mean size of 19.8 nm, 39.2 nm and 20.7 nm, respectively. N doping caused the nanoparticle size to increase, while, when the doped amount of Ag+ increased, the TiO2 particle size decreased. The FTIR revealed that Ag and N doping of TiO2 appeared to have strong absorption by -OH group and showed the characteristic absorption band of NH4+ and Ag. The UV-Vis-DRs indicated that the absorption band of Ag-N co-doped TiO2 had red shift and that the optical absorption response (between 400 nm and 700 nm) had obvious enhancement. The antibacterial properties of nanoparticles were investigated by agar diffusion method toward Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The results indicated that both Ag- and N-doped TiO2 could increase the antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanoparticles under fluorescent light irradiation. A 1% Ag-N-TiO2 had the highest antibacterial activity with a clear antibacterial circle of 33.0 mm toward Escherichia coli and 22.8 mm toward Bacillus subtilis after cultivation for 24 hours.     

Application of TiO2 nanoparticles coated multi-wall carbon nanotube to dye-sensitized solar cells

This study uses the sol-gel method to prepare TiO2 nanoparticle, and further applies TiO2 nanoparticle coating on the surface of the multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT). As a result, TiO2-CNT composite nanoparticles are prepared to serve as photoelectrode material in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). First, after acid treatment of MWCNT is used to remove impurities. Then, the sol-gel method is employed to prepare TiO2-CNT composite nanopowder. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that after the TiO2 in TiO2-CNT composite nanopowder has been thermally treated at 450 degrees C, it can be completely changed to anatase phase. Furthermore, as shown from the SEM image, TiO2 has been successfully coated on CNT. The photoelectrode of DSSC is prepared using the electrophoretic deposition method (EPD) to mix the Degassa P25 TiO2 nanoparticles with TiO2-CNT powder for deposition on the indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive glass. After secondary EPD, a thin film of TiO2/CNTs with thickness 17 microm can be acquired. For the prepared TiO2-CNT composite nanoparticles, since MWCNT can increase the short-circuit current density of DSSC, the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of DSSC can be effectively increased. Experimental results show that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of DSSC using CNT/TiO2 photoelectrode and N719 dye is increased by 41% from the original 3.45% to 4.87%.     

多元酸修饰剂对水热法制备金红石型TiO2纳米棒的影响

采用偏钛酸和浓硫酸为原料制备TiOSO4溶液,采用碳酸钠水解,多元酸为表面修饰剂,进行了粒径可控的金红石型TiO2纳米棒的水热合成研究.并用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对制得的样品进行表征.结果表明:多元酸修饰剂的加入对TiO2纳米棒的尺寸大小及尺寸分布影响很大,并对修饰剂的作用机理进行了讨论,修饰剂的位阻效应、羧基的络合作用及TiO2微晶表面的疏水性对TiO2纳米棒的大小和分布起着重要作用.     

Construction of hierarchical nanostructured TiO2/Bi2MoO6 heterojunction for improved visible light photocatalysis

In this study, Bi2MoO6 hollow microspheres were modified by depositing TiO2 nanoparticles through a simple hydrothermal method. The prepared TiO2/Bi2MoO6 photocatalysts were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the heterostructured catalysts was evaluated by degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible-light irradiation (lambda>420 nm). The photocatalysts based on nanostructured Bi2MoO6 and TiO2 exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity than the single-phase Bi2MoO6 or TiO2 and the mechanical mixture of Bi2MoO6 and TiO2 for degradation of MB under the same conditions. The results reported in this study provide insight into constructing other heterostructured photocatalysts.     

氢等离子体电弧法Mg／TiO2复合纳米粒子的制备与表征

采用氢等离子体电弧法,在H2＋Ar气氛下制备出Mg／TiO2复合纳米粒子．通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、红外分析（FT—IR）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）对纳米粒子的化学成分、晶体结构和表面形貌进行了分析,发现具有六方形晶体惯态的镁粒子通过表面包覆一层TiO2后形成了球形粒子;分析了其形成过程．热重分析（TGA—SDTA）结果表明,Mg／TiO2复合纳米粒子比纯Mg纳米粒子抗氧化温度提高30～40℃．