高效液相色谱法同时测定谷物中的赭曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定谷物中的赭曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮.以ODS C18(250mmx4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-2%乙酸(两者体积比40:60)为流动相,荧光检测器检测, Ex 325nm, Em 455 nm.赭曲霉毒素A和玉米赤霉烯酮的线性范围分别为1～100μg/L和10～100)μg/L,检出限分别为0.025 ng和0.26 ng.5种样品的检测中两种生物毒素的加标回收率在75%～110%之间.该方法灵敏、准确,适用于谷物中赭曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮的栓测.     

啤酒酿造原料中黄曲霉毒素B_1、玉米赤霉烯酮和赭曲霉毒素A同时检测分析方法研究

研究建立同时检测啤酒及酿造原料中黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮和赭曲霉毒素A的免疫亲和柱净化-柱后化学衍生-高效液相色谱方法。样品经过甲醇-水(80∶20,v/v)提取,通过免疫亲和柱进行富集和净化,采用Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C18色谱柱,以乙腈-2%乙酸(40∶60,v/v)为流动相,等度洗脱,柱后以0.5%碘溶液衍生、改变波长荧光检测。结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮和赭曲霉毒素A检出限分别为0.05μg/kg(AFB1)、3.19μg/kg(ZEA)和0.22μg/kg(OTA),标准曲线的线性范围分别为0.2~10.0μg/L、10.0~1000.0μg/L和5.0~50.0μg/L;在大麦样品中加标回收率为90.0%~109.5%,相对标准偏差为2.18%~4.94%。被检37个样品的真菌毒素含量检测结果表明,正常贮存下的啤酒原料均未检测出真菌毒素,但在霉变大麦样品中可以检测出少量的真菌毒素。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定花生及制品中的五种真菌霉素

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定花生及制品中黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素M1、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮五种真菌霉素的快速分析方法。用甲醇-水(55:45,V/V)对样品进行提取,采用真菌毒素免疫亲和柱萃取,在ESI+模式下采用多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测。目标物在C18色谱柱上实现了有效分离,在6 min内完成一个样品的分析,相关系数(r2,n=6)大于0.999,检测结果稳定、灵敏。黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素M1、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇线性范围0.5~50.0μg/L,检出限为0.05μg/kg(LOD,S/N=3),赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮线性范围5.0~100.0μg/L,检出限为0.5μg/kg(LOD,S/N=3),方法回收率为86.8~102.7%,精密度RSD为0.36~4.79%。该方法快速、灵敏,适用于花生及制品中黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素M1、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮五种真菌霉素的检测与确证。     

免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法测定谷物及其制品中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量

目的建立免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法分析检测谷物及其制品中玉米赤霉烯酮的方法。方法样品经乙腈-去离子水(84:16,V:V)提取,玉米赤霉烯酮免疫亲和柱富集净化,甲醇洗脱后,经C18反相色谱柱分离,以乙腈-水-甲醇(46:46:8, V:V:V)为流动相,使用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。结果玉米赤霉烯酮在1～100μg/L线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.9999,检出限0.8μg/kg,仪器重复测定的相对标准偏差0.19%,样品平行性测定相对标准偏差在0.10%～1.89%。检测成都市内综合农贸市场和超市内谷物及其制品中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量为1.34～43.1μg/kg,检出率为52.2%。结论该方法具有灵敏度高、重现性好、准确度高等特点,可应用于实际市场中谷物及其制品的痕量调查。     

HPLC-MS/MS测定八宝粥中8种霉菌毒素

建立了测定八宝粥中黄曲霉毒素B_1、B_2、G_1、G_2,T-2毒素,赭曲霉毒素A,玉米赤霉烯酮和杂色曲霉素8种霉菌毒素的高效液相色谱串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法。样品经乙腈-水(88:12,V/V)超声提取、离心后,用多功能净化柱净化,以乙腈和5 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,经ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,多反应监测(MRM)正离子模式进行检测,外标法定量。在0.5~50.0 ng/mL的浓度范围内,8种霉菌毒素均具有良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 6)。此方法的检出限为0.06~0.18μg/kg,平均回收率为73.5%~97.4%,RSD为4.6%~8.2%(n=7)。该方法简便、准确、灵敏,适用于八宝粥中黄曲霉毒素B_1、B_2、G_1、G_2,T-2毒素,赭曲霉毒素A,玉米赤霉烯酮和杂色曲霉素的同时检测。     

复合柱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定粮油中黄曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮类毒素

目的建立C_(18)-Al_2O_3复合固相萃取柱净化,同时检测粮食及植物油中黄曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮类毒素的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。方法植物油样品用乙腈-水(90∶10,V∶V)提取,粮食样品先用乙腈-乙酸-水(84∶1∶16,V∶V)再用二氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯(90∶10,V∶V)进行二次提取,进一步采用C_(18)-Al_2O_3复合固相萃取柱净化,稳定同位素内标稀释,以乙腈和水为流动相,CORTECSTMC18色谱柱(2. 1 mm×100 mm,2. 7μm)进行分离,电喷雾离子化多反应监测模式检测。结果黄曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮类毒素的线性范围分别为0. 1～30. 0和1. 0～500. 0ng/ml,检出限分别为0. 03和0. 3μg/kg,定量限分别为0. 10和1. 0μg/kg。黄曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮类毒素的平均回收率分别为68. 3%～98. 6%和84. 5%～108. 0%,相对标准偏差分别为4. 6%～11. 5%和4. 2%～9. 0%(n=6)。采用本方法分析了国内外5种质控样品,测定值均在质控样品指定范围内。对大连市市售的100份粮油样品进行测定,结果表明散装花生油和玉米油中黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮检出率较高,最高含量分别为12. 80和370. 00μg/kg。结论本方法定量准确、操作简便、更环保、检测成本低,适于批量粮油样品中黄曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮类毒素的同时检测。     

免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素

建立食品中6种玉米赤霉烯酮类(α-玉米赤霉醇、β-玉米赤霉醇、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇、玉米赤霉酮、玉米赤霉烯酮)真菌毒素的免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测的实验方法。样品经80%乙腈溶液提取,通过免疫亲和柱净化富集,用2 mL乙腈洗脱,氮吹至近干,0.5 mL 50%乙腈溶液复溶,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定。在ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3反相柱上分离,梯度洗脱,流动相为乙腈和水,质谱采集模式为电喷雾负离子多反应监测模式。6种目标物的线性范围为0.1~100μg/L,相关系数(R~2)均大于0.992,检出限为0.05μg/kg,定量限为0.2μg/kg,3个不同水平的加标平均回收率为73.0%~119.1%,相对标准偏差不大于10%。该方法具有操作简单、重复性好、灵敏度高、杂质干扰小等特点,可以用于食品中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱串联法测定粮谷中的玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素的研究

建立了粮谷中玉米赤霉烯酮、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇检测的超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱串联的分析方法。样品经0.1%甲酸水-乙腈溶液提取,经免疫亲和柱净化,以水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)和甲醇(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱以负离子模式扫描和多反应监测模式进行检测,以外标法定量。结果表明,玉米赤霉烯酮、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇在1~100μg/L浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.994,检出限为0.5~1.0μg/kg,在5、20、80μg/kg 3个添加水平下,平均加标回收率为87.2%~100.6%,相对标准偏差为3.2%~6.4%。本方法结果准确可靠,灵敏度高,可适用于粮谷中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素的检测。     

免疫亲和柱净化-高效液相色谱法检测小麦中玉米赤霉烯酮

用50 ml乙腈-水(体积比90:10)萃取小麦试样,提取液稀释过滤后经含有玉米赤霉烯酮特异性抗体的Zearala Test免疫亲和柱层析净化,甲醇1.5 ml洗脱,洗脱液用C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm)分离,流动相为乙腈-水(体积比60∶40)混合溶液,流速为1.0 ml/min,采用荧光检测小麦中玉米赤霉烯酮.试验结果表明,玉米赤霉烯酮质量浓度在10.0～500.0 μg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为5.0 μg/L.应用此方法分析小麦加标样品,试样的平均回收率为83.7％～86.5％,测定值的相对标准偏差均小于5.0％,符合小麦中玉米赤霉烯酮的检测要求.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定玉米油中玉米赤酶烯酮的残留量

目的建立玉米油中玉米赤酶烯酮检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。方法样品经乙腈超声提取,经免疫亲和柱进行净化,采用Waters ACQITY BEH(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,以0.1%氨水溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱;质谱以负离子模式扫描和多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测,以内标法定量。结果玉米赤酶烯酮在2~100μg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,在5、20、80μg/kg 3个添加水平下,加标回收率为90.2%~105.1%,相对标准偏差为1.66%~3.50%。玉米赤霉烯酮的检出限为1.0μg/kg,定量限为3.0μg/kg。结论本方法灵敏、结果准确可靠,可适用于玉米油中玉米赤酶烯酮的检测。     

高效液相法同时检测谷物中玉米赤霉烯酮和赭曲霉毒素A

该研究开发一种快速、灵敏同时检测玉米、小麦和稻米中玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)和赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)的高效液相色谱检测方法。将样品采用乙腈/水(80/20,体积比),200 r/min,30℃振荡提取30 min后,经Oasis PRiME HLB固相萃取柱净化后,上样检测。该方法ZEN和OTA检测限(limit of detection,LOD)为3.7μg/kg和0.11μg/kg,定量限(quantification Limit,LOQ)为12.25μg/kg和0.38μg/kg,线性范围分别为10μg/kg^2000μg/kg和0.2μg/kg^200μg/kg,加标样品中不同浓度的ZEN和OTA回收率为83.0%~101.3%,日内精密度和日间精密度分别为3.12%~7.03%和3.57%~9.3%。该方法适用于玉米、小麦和稻米中ZEN和OTA的同时检测。     

Immunoaffinity column clean-up and thin layer chromatography for determination of ochratoxin A in green coffee.

An immunoaffinity clean-up-based method for determining ochratoxin A (OTA) in green coffee aiming at one-dimensional thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis was established. OTA was extracted with a mixture of methanol and aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, purified through an immunoaffinity column, separated on normal or reversed-phase (RP) TLC plates and detected and quantified by visual and densitometric analysis. The linear equation of the standard calibration curve by densitometric analysis gave R(2) > 0.999 (0.04-84 ng). The mean recovery (R) of OTA from spiked samples (1.8-109 microg kg(-1)) by densitometric and visual analyses were 98.4 and 103.8%, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) for densitometric and visual analysis varied from 1.1 to 24.9% and from 0.0 to 18.8%, respectively. The RSD for naturally contaminated samples by densitometry (three levels of contamination, n = 3) varied from 11.1 to 18.1%. The correlation (R(2)) between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and densitometry, and between visual and densitometric analysis for spiked samples were > 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was 0.5 microg kg(-1) for normal TLC. Toluene-ethyl acetate-88% formic acid (6:3:1 v/v/v) and acetonitrile-methanol-water-glacial acetic acid (35:35:29:10 v/v/v/v) were regarded as the suitable TLC solvents for eluting both standards and samples on normal and RP TLC plates, respectively. Toluene-acetic acid (99:1 v/v) was chosen as the spotting solvent among several others for giving the best sensitivity and resolution of OTA on TLC plates as well as the best recovery of OTA from standard and sample extract residues. Preliminary studies were carried out to investigate the reuse of the immunoaffinity column and the interference of caffeine in the OTA recovery.     

Ochratoxin A in dried vine fruits from Chinese markets

A total of 56 dried vine fruits, including 31 sultanas and 25 currants, were selected from Chinese markets in 2012. All samples were analysed for Ochratoxin A (OTA) using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. It turned out that 58.9% of the samples were positive and the OTA amount ranged from <0.07 to 12.83 μg/kg, with a mean level of 0.99 μg/kg. Only one sample exceeded the European Union (EU) maximum level of 10 μg/kg. Meanwhile, it was shown that OTA contamination increased among north-western, northern and southern China, which showed OTA means of 0.08, 0.99 and 2.01 μg/kg, respectively. Moreover, in samples of products sold in sealed plastic bags, i.e. consumer-size packages (n = 19, mean = 0.30 μg/kg) less OTA was detected when compared with sampled bulk packages (n = 37, mean = 1.67 μg/kg). In addition, sultanas (mean = 0.92 μg/kg) had less OTA contamination than currants (mean = 1.22 μg/kg).     

Validation of the procedure for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins ochratoxin A and zearalenone in cereals using HPLC-FLD

Method validation for quantitative analysis of aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA) in cereals using HPLC with fluorescence detector (FLD) is described. Mycotoxins were extracted with methanol?:?water (80?:?20) and purified with a multifunctional AOZ immunoaffinity column before HPLC analysis. The validation of the analytical method was performed to establish the following parameters: specificity, selectivity, linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision (within- and between-day variability), stability, robustness, measurement of performance, and measurement of uncertainty. Calibration curves were linear (r?>?0.999) over the concentration range, from the LOQ to 26, 40 and 400?ng/g for AFs, OTA and ZEA, respectively. LOD and LOQ were 0.0125 and 0.05?ng/g for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and G1 (AFG1), 0.0037 and 0.015?ng/g for aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) and G2 (AFG2), as well as 0.05 and 0.2?ng/g for OTA and 0.5 and 2?ng/g for ZEA, respectively. The mean recovery values were 77–104% for different concentrations of AFs, OTA and ZEA in spiked cereal samples. Both intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision were within acceptable limits. This method was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of mycotoxins for 60 cereal samples collected from Malaysian markets. Fifty per cent of the cereal samples were contaminated with at least one of these mycotoxins, at a level greater than the LOD. Only one wheat sample and two rice samples were contaminated with levels greater than the European Union regulatory limits for AFs and OTA (4 and 5?ng/g). The means and ranges of mycotoxins obtained for the cereal samples were 0.4?ng/g and 0.01–5.9?ng/g for total AFs; 0.18?ng/g and 0.03–5.3?ng/g for OTA; and 2.8?ng/g and 2.4–73.1?ng/g for ZEA, respectively. The results indicate that the method is suitable for the simultaneous determination of AFs, OTA and ZEA in cereals and is suitable for routine analysis.     

磁控双色上转换荧光适配体传感器同时检测玉米和燕麦粉中的赭曲霉毒素A与玉米赤霉烯酮

目的 建立上转换荧光法同时检测食品中赭曲霉毒素A（ochratoxin A,OTA）与玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone,ZEN）的含量 方法 利用溶剂热法合成了两种油酸封端的核壳型上转换纳米材料,通过表面改性法和戊二醛法制备了表面分别偶联OTA、ZEN适配体的核壳型上转换荧光探针。同时制备了表面原位生长四氧化三铁纳米颗粒的二硫化钼纳米片,作为淬灭剂。OTA、ZEN和适配体特异性结合后,通过磁分离后检测溶液的荧光强度值,从而实现OTA和ZEN浓度的检测。结果 该方法在最佳检测条件下,OTA与ZEN的浓度在0.05~500.00 ng/mL的线性检测范围内,与两种上转换荧光探针的荧光强度的对数值呈良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9949和0.9972,对OTA的检测限为3.97×10-2 ng/mL,对ZEN的检测限为3.11×10-2 ng/mL,应用于玉米粉和燕麦粉中OTA和ZEN的检测,加标回收率为91.7%~109.4%。结论 该方法成功检测灵敏度较高,并具有较好的特异性,可用于食品中OTA和ZEN的高灵敏检测。     

赭曲霉毒素A单克隆抗体免疫亲和柱的制备

制备了赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)单克隆抗体免疫亲和柱,并用间接竞争ELISA和HPLC法评价了免疫亲和柱的性能,其柱容量(结合OTA的能力)约为200ng,加标回收率为90.38%～100.1%,可反复使用3次。 建立了免疫亲和柱-HPLC联用分析谷物中OTA的方法,最低检出限为0.2μg/kg,线性范围为0.6～400μg/kg,OTA加标量为1～10μg/kg时谷物样品中的回收率为78.7%～87.1%,变异系数小于6.5%。用此法检测了大米、小麦、玉米和玉米饲料等15份市售样品,检出率为46.7%,其中OTA的最高含量为0.785μg/kg。     

臭氧降解玉米中赭曲霉毒素A的效果及对玉米脂肪酸的影响

针对粮食贮藏过程中真菌污染造成的食用安全性问题,探讨臭氧在玉米储藏中的应用可行性。以玉米中易污染的赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)为研究对象,在不同质量浓度臭氧,不同处理时间下,考察臭氧对OTA的降解效果,以及对玉米脂肪酸的影响。结果表明：30g/m3臭氧处理120min或者60g/m3臭氧处理90min能将80μg/L的OTA标准品几乎降解完全;利用60g/m3臭氧处理10h能有效的将玉米中污染80μg/kg OTA降解到安全范围(5μg/kg)以下,并且臭氧处理对玉米脂肪酸无显著影响。说明臭氧可有效降解玉米储藏中污染的OTA,并且不会破坏其中的不饱和脂肪酸,初步证明臭氧在玉米储藏中应用的可行性。     

Detoxification of zearalenone and ochratoxin A by ozone and quality evaluation of ozonised corn

Zearalenone (ZEN) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are secondary toxic metabolites of fungi that can contaminate a wide range of food and feedstuff. In this study, the effects of ozone treatment on ZEN and OTA and the quality of ozonised corn are investigated. Ozone significantly affects ZEN and OTA solutions. ZEN was undetectable 5 s after being treated with 10 mg l^–1 ozone. However, OTA was resistant to ozonation with a degradation rate of 65.4% after 120 s of treatment. Moreover, ZEN and OTA solutions were difficult to degrade after being dried by a nitrogen stream. Results showed that ozone effectively degraded ZEN and OTA in corn. The degradation rates of ZEN and OTA in corn increased with ozone concentration and treatment time. The degradation of ZEN and OTA at different ozone concentrations appropriately conformed to first-order kinetics with an R² value > 0.8749. Furthermore, under the same conditions, corn with increased moisture content (MC) (19.6%) was more sensitive to ozone than corn with a low MC (14.1%). When treated with 100 mg l^–1 ozone for 180 min, ZEN and OTA in corn with 19.6% MC decreased by 90.7% and 70.7%, respectively. To evaluate the quality of ozonised corn, subsequent quality experiments were conducted using corn samples treated at different times with 100 mg l^–1 ozone. The MC of corn decreased after ozone treatment. The whiteness and yellowness of the corn increased and decreased with increasing time, respectively. The fatty acid value of the corn increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) after 180 min of treatment. This study verified that ozone can effectively degrade ZEN and OTA in corn, but slightly affected corn quality.     

高效液相色谱法检测粮油中黄曲霉毒素方法验证

该文报道验证同时检测粮食、植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2的免疫亲和柱净化-柱后光化学衍生-高效液相色谱方法.样品经甲醇-水(体积比为70∶30)提取,通过免疫亲和柱富集和净化,采用Cloversil C18色谱柱(4.6mm×150 mm,粒度5μm),以甲醇:水(50∶50)溶液为流动相,柱后光化学衍生,利...     

Determination of sterigmatocystin in foods in Japan: method validation and occurrence data

ABSTRACT

A survey of the contamination of foods by sterigmatocystin (STC) was performed by an analytical method based on LC-MS/MS. STC was extracted from samples with acetonitrile/water (85/15, v/v) and then purified with immunoaffinity columns. The method was validated by a small-scale inter-laboratory study using spiked wheat samples. Mean recoveries of STC were 100.3% and 92.5% from two samples spiked at 0.5 and 5.0 µg/kg, respectively. A total of 583 samples were analysed between 2016 and 2018, and STC was detected in 19.9% of all samples at >0.05 μg/kg (limit of quantification). The foods that were contaminated by STC were wheat flour, Job’s tears products, rye flour, rice, buckwheat flour, white sorghum, barley products, azuki bean and corn flour. STC was not found in beer or wine. The occurrence of STC in domestic wheat flour (44.4%), Job’s tears products (41.7%) and rye flour (29.9%) accounted for the three highest values. The highest mean concentrations were obtained for Job’s tears products (0.3 μg/kg) and rye flour (0.3 μg/kg). The maximum contamination level was present in a sample of rye flour (7.1 μg/kg). Although the contamination levels were low, these results indicate that STC frequently contaminates Japanese retail foods. A continuous survey is required to assess exposure to STC in Japan.