漂洗冲洗联用槽的制作和应用

电镀零件出槽后经镀液回收后,需经清水漂洗和冲洗两道工序,如单独设置漂洗和冲洗槽,势必增大用水量,扩大占地面积,相应地增加了废水处理量。为此,我厂设计了一个漂洗、冲洗联用槽,使用效果良好。一、联用槽的结构及使用方法联用槽的结构见图。它是在普通流动清洗槽的基础上改装而成的。具体方法是:在槽的两内侧上方加装两条喷水管,槽边安装脚动闸阀,以控制喷     

钾盐光亮镀锌工艺

钾盐光亮镀锌工艺是目前工业上较为理想的电镀新工艺。现根据生产实践经验和有关资料，将该工艺的主要技术特性、镀锌镀液的配制、镀液成分和操作条件的影响、镀液的维护以及镀液中有害成分的去除等内容介绍如下。一、钾盐光亮镀锌工艺的主要技术特性1．阴极电流效率不低于98％。2．镀液的沉积速度镀层厚度可达32μm／h，最厚能达35μm/h。3．分散能力20℃赫尔槽试总电流1A，赫尔槽两点测定分散能力是，亚号光亮剂为24％，2号光亮剂为28．4％。4．深镀能力采用φ10mm通孔钢管，外部绝缘并正对阳级，在30℃倾斜放置的条件下，当电镀时间为20…     

氯化钾镀锌控制方法的研究

本文根据电沉积理论和金属镀锌的阴、阳极极化行为的分析，同时结合氯化钾镀液的特点，提出用新的电镀控制方法－－恒槽压法，采用恒槽压法控制金属镀锌，与恒电流控制比较，其镀层质量明显优于恒电流的镀层。     

电镀金刚石丝锥的加工工艺

对电镀金刚石丝锥的加工工艺进行了研究,给出了电镀金刚石丝锥的制造过程,主要包括镀液的配制、金刚石的清洗、上砂槽的制作、试件的镀前处理、预镀、上砂、增厚处理等。通过大量的实验研究和数据分析,重点讨论了电镀工艺参数、主盐浓度对镀层硬度和沉积速度的影响。     

零部件机械镀锌工艺的工业生产现状及展望

钢铁零部件采用电镀锌和热浸镀锌存在许多问题．机械镀锌是一种清洁生产工艺．机械镀锌工艺不仅能满足零部件的防腐蚀功能，而且克服了电镀和热浸镀中的不足，箱体内壁的机械镀锌拓宽了机械镀锌的应用领域。     

用“联合净化法”处理光亮镀镍溶液

在Cr/Ni和Ni/Cu/Ni/Cr等防护-装饰性多层电镀体系中,很多单位采用光亮镀镍为中间镀层,代替抛光工序,节约电镀及抛光材料,实现电镀一步法生产,因此光亮镀镍得到了普遍地重视和应用。光亮镀镍溶液在使用一段时间后,因挂具、零件带入少量其他溶液的污染;零件落入镀槽中而未及时捞出;添加的化工原料纯度不够;有机添加剂的分解等,均会造成镀液中铜、铁铬等金属杂质和有机分解物质的积累。当杂质     

锌酸盐电沉积锌镍合金工艺研究

本文重点研究了锌酸盐电沉积锌镍合金的镀液组成及工艺条件；各因素对镀层合金成分的影响，并测试了镀液和镀层性能；最后得到了比较理想的电镀镍合金工艺。     

直线式镀锌生产线控制系统的全面升级

正我公司的一条镀锌生产线通过人工点动控制槽边行走龙门起重机,操作人员要跟着槽边行走龙门起重机走,生产效率低,电镀工艺时间难以把握。用可编程序控制器(PLC)改造为半自动生产线控制运行后,生产效率大大提高,人为操作因素减少,在一定程度上提高了工件的镀锌质量。一、镀锌生产线原状直线式镀锌生产线采用槽边行走龙门起重机来回吊运(每     

用测量镀层光泽度方法研究镀镍电解液中添加剂的出光速度

现代的光亮镀镍工艺,不仅要求镀层全光亮、高整平,还要求有很高的出光速度。所谓出光速度,指镀液在很短的时间内使镀层达到很高光泽度的能力,即是说,在一定粗糙表面或较低光泽度的基体表面上,用一定的工艺条件电镀数分钟后所能达到的光泽度值。本文采用赫尔槽试片,电镀10分钟,每隔2分钟在一定的电流密度位置上测量镀层的光泽度。用这个方法研究镀镍电解液中某些添加剂,包括光亮剂、整平剂对镀层光泽度的影响。确定电沉积层光泽度的主要因素。1960年,威尔(R.Weil)就用测量光泽度的     

机电信息

长城电镀厂引进先进电镀生产线肖伟发报道:上海长城电镀厂努力改造旧设备。去年该厂从英国NAPCO公司引进了一条滚式镀锌生产线,现已安裝调试完毕,投入试生产。该条镀锌生产线由计算机控制,实现了全自动,它包括从自动上料到液镀钝化直至甩干下料等全部工序,且还带有一套自动废水处理装置。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...