海杂波背景下小目标检测性能研究

由于海杂波的非高斯特性,对海雷达的性能分析非常复杂.文中首先分析了海杂波分布特性,然后对不同的检测方法进行了比较,最后仿真了海杂波背景下小目标检测能力.仿真结果对于工程应用具有重要参考价值.     

低空雷达导引头海面目标检测性能分析

该文以雷达导引头低空检测海面目标为背景,综合分析了多径环境和海杂波环境对雷达导引头目标检测的影响。通过对目标回波、多径散射的镜反射、漫反射以及海杂波进行建模,结合具体场景,仿真分析了镜反射、漫反射以及海杂波对雷达导引头接收信号的影响,进而分析了多径散射和海杂波对雷达导引头检测不同大小目标时检测性能的影响效果。仿真结果表明:雷达导引头检测RCS低于1 m2的小目标时,海杂波是影响雷达导引头检测性能的主要因素;雷达导引头检测RCS大于10 m2的目标时,多径效应是影响雷达导引头检测性能的主要因素;雷达导引头检测RCS大于104 m2的目标时,雷达导引头的检测性能不受海杂波和多径效应影响。     

基于K分布舰载雷达海杂波仿真方法研究

海杂波的仿真对杂波环境下舰载雷达性能的研究具有重要意义。介绍了海杂波仿真的有关概念,研究了基于K分布海杂波的建模及实现方法,建立了一个较为准确的舰载雷达海杂波幅度分布模型和功率谱模型,最后以Matlab为平台给予了仿真实现,仿真数据与理论曲线吻合较好,仿真算法有效可行。结果表明,该方法可以有效地模拟舰载雷达海杂波特性,为雷达信号处理器的设计奠定了基础,该方法具有较高的估计精度和很好的工程实用性,对于雷达海杂波建模与仿真及其背景下目标检测研究具有现实意义。     

时空二维相关K分布雷达海杂波建模与仿真

海杂波是影响雷达对海工作的重要因素,海杂波的精确建模与仿真是实现雷达性能检测,以及算法优化的先决条件。在分析海杂波幅度分布特性、时间和空间相关特性的前提下,利用Cholesky分解并结合球不变随机过程法（SIRP,spherically invariant random processes）,提出了一种用于生成时空二维相干相关K分布海杂波的仿真模型,仿真结果表明该方法能够生成满足时间和空间相关特性要求的二维海杂波,得到的数据可以直接作为雷达目标模拟器中的输入信号。     

一种舰载毫米波雷达海杂波背景下的慢速小目标检测算法研究

掠海飞行慢速小目标的检测一直是雷达信号处理领域研究的热点问题。分析了海杂波数据的统计特性,利用天线扫描间海杂波非相关特性,采取单次扫描脉冲间非相参积累,结合天线扫描间积累和杂波图迭代平滑处理技术,抑制海杂波,积累目标能量,改善检测性能。仿真结果表明利用本方法毫米波雷达能有效检测海杂波环境下的慢速小目标。     

主被动复合末制导雷达仿真系统中的海杂波仿真研究

目标建模与特征信号仿真是雷达对目标进行探测与识别的重要前提和基础.描述了主被动复合末制导雷达仿真系统中,海杂波的建模与仿真,集中介绍了海杂波建模仿真中常使用的分布模型以及散射特性.包括海杂波前向散射系数以及后向散射系数的计算.最后使用Matlab进行了仿真,仿真结果证明了这种方法的有效性.该研究为海杂波建模与仿真、雷达目标检测提供了依据.     

海杂波背景下的低空小目标检测

海面上低空小目标通常具有RCS（雷达散射截面）小、速度快的特点,并且容易湮没在海杂波背景中,很难被雷达系统检测到。文中首先分析了海杂波数据的统计特性;然后在此基础上,利用海杂波和目标在相关特性上的差异,提出了一种熵加权非相参积累方法,该方法能够抑制海杂波,并且积累目标能量;为了进一步降低检测门限,采用了TBD（检测前跟踪）技术。某S波段雷达搜索模式下低分辨实测数据的处理结果表明,熵加权非相参积累和TBD方法能够有效降低海杂波背景下低空小目标信号的最小可检测信杂比。     

海况对海面目标雷达回波的影响分析

海面自身随机多变的特性会对海面目标的雷达回波信号检测产生重要影响。文中利用分形方法对海面建模仿真, 模拟了五种不同的海况,基于雷达工作原理设计了一款雷达视频回波信号仿真软件,提高了仿真的逼真度和实时性。针对雷达散射截面(RCS)不同的舰船目标模拟仿真雷达回波,研究了海况对海面目标雷达回波的影响。结果表明:随海况等级的增加,海杂波噪声信号增强,RCS 相对较小目标的雷达回波会逐渐被海杂波淹没。海面目标雷达回波仿真软件既能用于分析海面及目标的电磁散射特性;同时,在目标检测与识别中会有重要应用价值。     

对海四种相参处理检测方法性能比较

近年来,随着海杂波研究工作的重要性在军事和民用领域日益突出,海杂波背景下的动目标检测问题已经成为雷达技术领域的热点。而海杂波统计特性的准确分析是有效检测目标的先决条件。在本文中,首先回顾了海杂波的统计特性,这其中包括杂波的幅度分布特性和杂波序列的相关性。然后基于仿真海杂波数据比较4种检测方法(AMF、ANMF、α-AMF、常规PD)性能。     

浅析海杂波抑制方法

海杂波是影响对海雷达工作性能的一个重要因素。检测和跟踪目标之前抑制海杂波是非常必要的。通过对海杂波和舰船目标的幅度特征、谱特征以及相关特征的分析，针对强海杂波环境下，目标检测的典型问题，从雷达工作模式、雷达信号处理两个方面探讨了抑制海杂波的几种途径。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.