维数约简算法简述

机器学习是近几年研究的热点,维数约简算法是机器学习的必要手段,本文从维数约简算法的定义讲起,介绍了几种典型的数据降维算法,其中包括线性降维和非线性降维,流形学习是非线性降维的代表算法。并且介绍了每个算法的构造过程及其特点,在此基础上分析了所有维数约简算法的执行效率时间和空间复杂度,并且给出了每个算法的特点和算法的核心思想,最后在此基础上给予总结,为后面研究者提供参考和借鉴。     

一种维类转换为维层次的方法

分析维层次的结构和定义对数据仓库聚集操作的重要作用,确定了某些维类也可能产生类似维层次的分析要求,提出维类转换为维层次的CDCDH方法.给出维类和维层次的定义,并进一步提出显性维层次和隐性维层次的定义.对于表现为维类的隐性维层次,则确定其向显性维层次转换的条件和转换的步骤.同时结合一个具体的实例,说明了CDCDH方法的实施过程.     

二维灰度图像的分形维数计算

分析了当前计算图像分形维数的算法普遍存在对高维数图像计算误差较大且计算量大的缺点。结合计盒维数算法的原理,给出一种新的盒子边界。理论和实验证明,该算法较Chaudhuri和Sarkar给出的经典边界选取在准确性和实时性上都有所改进。     

维客在网络教育中的应用

维客是博客之后的又一种新的网络工具,它独特的优势必将成为网络教育、特别是网络学习的强有力的手段;同时维客作为Internet时代重要的文化现象,以及其内在的维客精神,也必将对网络教育的学习方式乃至教育理念产生重要影响。     

高维索引机制中的降维方法综述

全面总结了现有的高维数据降维方法,深入分析比较了它们各自的优缺点,并从应用的角度指出其今后发展的趋势在于多种降维技术的合理组合,尤其是线性降维与非线性降维思想的有机结合。     

从二维到“二维”

在刚兴起不久的多媒体设计中,许多设计师过分地依赖技术,忽视了美感的表现,造成作品水平不高。如何做到技术与艺术的平衡是美术教育的重要课题。文章通过探讨在二维、三维和四维设计的原理,提出多媒体设计中需要创造性运用平面设计原理,注重"二维"构成关系,达到有效传播。     

从二维到“二维”

在刚兴起不久的多媒体设计中,许多设计师过分地依赖技术,忽视了美感的表现,造成作品水平不高。如何做到技术与艺术的平衡是美术教育的重要课题。文章通过探讨在二维、三维和四维设计的原理,提出多媒体设计中需要创造性运用平面设计原理,注重"二维"构成关系,达到有效传播。     

Freehand 3维超声重建算法综述

Freehand 3维超声是近年来超声图像3维重建技术领域的研究热点之一。在对3维超声按获取方式不同进行分类的基础上,阐述了Freehand 3维超声系统特点及其重建原理,对Freehand 3维超声重建算法进行了综述和比较分析,并指出了今后面临的主要挑战和未来发展方向。     

基于有监督流形学习的正交投影降维

将监督局部线性嵌入的思想引入传统的正交投影降维方法（OPRA）方法,提出一种新的基于有监督流形学习的正交投影降维方法（α-OPRA）,使高维到低维的映射在保留某些流形结构的同时,进一步获得较好的正交投影效果。该方法通过加入额外的参数口来控制监督的程度,在纯粹的有监督的OPRA和无监督的OPRA之间取得了某些折中。实验结果证明,该方法能获得较好的降维结果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。