起重机焊接接头形式的分析与探讨

针对起重机钢结构焊接接头的载荷特点,介绍了数种常用焊接接头形式,分析常见焊接缺陷及其对强度的影响。以T形接头为例,利用有限元仿真技术,对不同的焊缝形式进行力学分析、对比,从而改进接头形式,优化起重机钢结构焊接接头设计。     

单面角焊缝计算公式的探讨

焊缝连接具有安全可靠、便于施工、经济等特点，它已成为钢结构中最重要和最普遍的连接形式，尤其是工程机械中更是大量采用焊缝作为承载部位的连接形式。钢结构设计规范、起重机设计规范及其他一些专业规范均对焊缝连接的计算作了规定。然而，由于焊缝本身形状不规则，且存在严重     

超大吨位起重机支腿制造过程中焊接裂纹产生原因分析及预防控制

本文对某大型起重机支腿制造过程中焊缝裂纹进行分析并制定焊接裂纹的预防控制措施,提升产品质量及可靠性。从低合金高强度钢母材的焊接性,焊接裂纹的分类及产生原因,预热温度,层间温度,焊接应力等方面分析支腿制造过程中焊缝开裂的原因,结合制造过程中超大吨位起重机支腿厚板焊接的操作方法,探索低合金高强钢厚板焊接过程中焊接裂纹的预防控制措施。     

起重机轨道闪光焊焊接技术

由于起重机轨道通常采用高碳中锰的U71Mn钢轧制而成,手工焊接性能较差,焊缝接头容易产生裂纹、夹渣等缺陷,故对轨道传统手工焊接工艺改革非常必要。文中引进高铁常用的轨道焊接技术闪光焊,其特点是焊接速度快,接头质量稳定,是一种成熟的轨道焊接形式。研究闪光焊运用于起重机轨道焊接,并通过多条轨道焊接试验,形成详细的闪光焊轨道焊接施工工艺,已成功焊接多条起重机轨道。该工艺的使用,对于提高起重机产品轨道焊接质量及效率具有重要的意义。     

建筑钢结构工程低温焊接技术

钢结构工程中的低温焊接（即在冬季施工）一直是学术界和工程界共同关注的课题。钢结构低温焊接对焊缝金属危害的直接表征就是出现裂纹和工作状态下发生脆断，控制不好就会导致焊接质量下降甚至造成不安全隐患，因此受到各方面的高度重视。但根据建筑钢结构焊接工程冬季施工的理论规律，可以确定冬季施焊的两大关键：一是尽量避免三向应力状态下施焊；二是努力提高焊接环境和结构构件的实际温度。     

桥门式起重机焊接质量控制策略

介绍桥门式起重机制造过程中焊接质量控制的要点,指出焊缝外部及内部缺陷都会对桥门式起重机的产品质量产生不良影响,所以必须在培训操作人员,执行焊接工艺规范上加强管理,并且要针对实际焊接环境合理调整焊接工艺规范,避免湿度、温度等环境因素对焊缝质量产生不良影响。     

焊接机械手在起重机制造上的应用

介绍一种智能焊接机械手,克服起重机主梁质量大、体积大、差异化大、组装精度差、焊缝形式复杂等因素,实现起重机主梁和端梁内部隔板双面断续焊缝的自动寻位、定位与焊接。将焊工从高污染的梁盒内部解脱出来,很大程度改善工人的作业环境,并提高焊缝尺寸精度、焊缝质量。加上梁盒4条纵缝采用双枪龙门焊,实现起重机主、端梁90%的焊缝自动化焊接。     

起重机关键结构件焊接定位装夹模式浅析

汽车起重机的主要结构件构造相对比较复杂，焊缝的种类繁多，为了让工人在结构件焊接过程中得到较好的焊接姿势，获得较优的焊缝质量，需要对结构件装夹后进行翻转变位。通过多年的实践和研究，总结了汽车起重机各类结构件的共性，并对这些结构件的装夹定位方式进行提炼，形成了几种定位装卡模式。本文主要对汽车起重机结构件焊接装卡方式的结构、特点、应用范围及拓展性进行了分析和总结。     

起重机钢结构焊缝裂纹的研究

本文论述几种起重机钢结构焊缝裂纹产生的原因,提出焊缝裂纹的修复方法和起重机钢结构设计、制造中防止焊缝开裂的改进措施。     

建筑钢构件火焰矫正原理与实践

焊接加工中,钢构件会因受热不均产生变形。建筑钢构件焊缝较多且焊接填充量较大,在生产实践中焊接变形问题更加突出。目前,在建筑钢结构制造厂中通常采用人工火焰矫正的方法处理焊接变形,其矫正质量和效率往往取决于工人的实践经验,不确定性较大。因此,本文从基本原理、工程实践两方面对建筑钢构件火焰矫正进行简要阐述。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....