具有时滞和旅途过程中有传染的两斑块SIS模型的全局动力学

本文建立了一个具有时滞的SI S模型,研究了旅途过程中疾病的传染.得到了基本再生数.通过线性化方法和比较原理,证明了当基本再生数小于1时无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的,疾病绝灭.当基本再生数大于1时,系统存在唯一的全局吸引的地方病平衡点,且疾病持续生存.数值模拟验证了扩散率对疾病传播的影响.分析了基本再生数对扩散率的依赖性.     

具有时滞和旅途过程中有传染的两斑块SIS模型的全局动力学（英文）

本文建立了一个具有时滞的SI S模型,研究了旅途过程中疾病的传染.得到了基本再生数.通过线性化方法和比较原理,证明了当基本再生数小于1时无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的,疾病绝灭.当基本再生数大于1时,系统存在唯一的全局吸引的地方病平衡点,且疾病持续生存.数值模拟验证了扩散率对疾病传播的影响.分析了基本再生数对扩散率的依赖性.     

一类具有垂直传播的HIV模型的稳定性分析

根据艾滋病的传播规律,本文建立了一类传染病模型.在模型中,HIV携带者分为幼年和成年两类,HIV可垂直传染,艾滋病患者有额外死亡.我们用再生矩阵求出了模型的基本再生数,并得出当基本再生数小于1时,模型只有无病平衡点,而当基本再生数大于1时,模型还有地方病平衡点.最后,应用第二加性复合矩阵等理论,文中证明了各平衡点全局渐近稳定性.     

具有吸毒年龄和治疗年龄的海洛因模型的全局稳定性（英）

本文建立了一个吸毒人群具有吸毒年龄,治疗人群具有治疗年龄的海洛因传播模型．得到了基本再生数．通过波动引理和李雅普诺夫泛函,证明了当基本再生数小于1时无海洛因吸食平衡点是全局渐近稳定的,当基本再生数大于1时,海洛因传播平衡点是全局渐近稳定的．     

具有吸毒年龄和治疗年龄的海洛因模型的全局稳定性（英文）

本文建立了一个吸毒人群具有吸毒年龄,治疗人群具有治疗年龄的海洛因传播模型.得到了基本再生数.通过波动引理和李雅普诺夫泛函,证明了当基本再生数小于1时无海洛因吸食平衡点是全局渐近稳定的,当基本再生数大于1时,海洛因传播平衡点是全局渐近稳定的.     

一类具有非线性发生率的SEIR传染病模型的全局稳定性分析

本文对一类具有非线性发生率的SEIR传染病模型进行了研究.确定了决定疾病灭绝或持续存在的阈值-基本再生数,并分析了模型的平衡点的存在性;通过构造恰当的Lyapunov函数,运用La Salle不变性原理证明了当基本再生数小于或等于1时,无病平衡点是全局渐进稳定的;利用Lyapunov直接方法证明了当基本再生数大于1时,地方病平衡点是全局渐进稳定的.最后,将发生率具体化用数值模拟验证了所得理论分析结果的正确性.     

一类具有饱和传染率且带有潜伏期和接种期的SVEIR模型的研究

本文研究了带有潜伏期和接种期的传染病,建立一类具有饱和发生率且带有潜伏期和接种期的SVEIR模型,找到了决定疾病绝灭或持续生存的阀值―基本再生数.通过构造合适的Lyapunov函数,运用LaSalle不变集原理,证明了当基本再生数小于1时,无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的;当基本再生数大于1时,存在唯一的感染平衡点,并且得到了该平衡点的全局稳定性.最后,数值模拟验证了理论的正确性.     

具有一般形式非线性饱和传染率染病年龄结构SIS模型渐近分析

：研究一类具有一般形式非线性饱和传染率染病年龄结构SIS流行病传播数学模型动力学性态,得到疾病绝灭和持续生存的阈值条件——基本再生数。当基本再生数小于或等于1时,仅存在无病平衡点,且在其小于1的情况下,无病平衡点全局渐遗稳定,疾病将逐渐消除;当基本再生数大于1时,存在不稳定的无病平衡点和唯一的局部渐近稳定的地方病平衡点,疾病将持续存在。已有的两类模型可视为本模型的特例,其相关结论可作为本文的推论。     

具有一般传染率的 SIRS 年龄结构模型的分支研究

考虑到年龄在一些传染病流行过程中的重要影响,建立了一个具有一般传染率的 SIRS 年龄结构仓室模型。通过将模型改写为抽象柯西问题并利用 Hille-Yosida 算子相关定理,分析了模型的动力学性态,讨论了平衡点的稳定性以及平衡点失稳时产生 Hopf 分支的条件。结果表明,当基本再生数小于 1 时,免疫年龄不影响无病平衡点的全局稳定性;当基本再生数大于 1 时,免疫年龄扰动导致地方病平衡点的稳定性改变,从而产生 Hopf 分支。同时,数值模拟验证了理论结果并显示了免疫年龄对模型动力学性态的影响。     

具有年龄阶段的离散SCIRS模型在我国流脑中的应用

本文主要研究了具有三个年龄阶段的离散SCIRS模型的动力学性态.首先,利用再生矩阵的方法定义了模型的基本再生数R0,证明了当R01时,模型存在唯一的无病平衡点并且是全局渐近稳定的,当R01时,除了无病平衡点,模型还存在唯一的地方病平衡点.其次,利用法定传染病报告的流脑数据,把模型应用到我国流脑的流行传播中.针对模型中很多参数的不确定性,对基本再生数中的参数进行了敏感性分析.最后,在模型的基础上考虑流脑发病的季节因素对模型加以改进,预测分析了我国流脑的发病情况,数值模拟的结果显示季节因素对疾病进展率的影响程度大于对疾病传染率的影响,为控制流脑在我国的流行传播提供建议.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.