在于样条修匀公式的图像边缘检测

本文给出了一类基于Ｂ样条修匀公式的图像边缘检测算子,其过程是先利用等距Ｂ样条函数对图像／ｆ（ｉ,ｊ）／Ｎ－１ｉ,ｊ＝０做一个全息光滑曲面公式,进一步利用Ｂ样条函数的局部支撑性质导出,该曲面公式可以严重地局于每点的某变邻域内计算,即Ｓ（ｘ,ｙ）＝∑（ｉ,ｊ）∈Ｎｋ,ｌ（ｘ,ｙ）ｆ（ｉ,ｊ）Ωｋ（ｘ－ｉ）Ωｌ（ｙ－ｊ）该曲面既有足够的光滑性,又有良好的保凸性;然后,基于光滑曲面Ｓ（ｘ,ｙ）,再通过求／     

SiC异质结双极晶体管的高频性能

用一种简练的异质结双极晶体管（ＨＢＴ）模型来模拟ＳｉＣ基双极晶体管的高频和大功率特性。研究了一种外壳温度在２７℃（３００Ｋ）到６００℃（８７３Ｋ）下的６Ｈ－ＳｉＣ／３Ｃ－ＳｉＣＨＢＴ。将其高频大功率特性与ＡｌＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｓＨＢＴ作了比较。不出所料，欧姆接触电阻限制了ＳｉＣＨＢＴ的高频性能。现在看来，在ＳｉＣ上只能可靠地产生１×１０￣（－４）Ω－ｃｍ￣２的接触电阻。所以ｆ＿Ｔ和ｆ＿（ｍａｘ）的最高实际值仅分别为４．４ＧＨｚ和３．２ＧＨｚ。但假定发射极、基极和集电极的接触电阻低到１×１０￣（－６）Ω时，则６Ｈ／３ＣＳｉＣＨＢＴ的ｆ＿Ｔ和ｆ＿（ｍａｘ）分别可达到３１．１ＧＨｚ和１２．７６Ｈｚ。     

Nb超导量子结中AlO_x－Al厚度对其特性的影响

通过阳极氧化电压谱图（ＡＶＳ）；Ｉ－Ｖ特性和Ｆｉｓｋｅ台阶电压测量，我们研究了Ｎｂ超导量子结构中ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ厚度对其特性的影响。发现ＡＶＳ中ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ与Ｎｂ电极之间的界面陡度和Ｉ－Ｖ特性取决于ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ厚度，Ｎｂ｜Ａ｜Ｏｘ－Ａｌ｜Ｎｂ结的最小最佳沉积Ａｌ层厚度为７ｎｍ。由Ｆｉｓｋｅ台阶电压，ＡＶＳ中的Ａｌ峰和Ｉ－Ｖ特性的畸变，证实了结中Ａｌ／Ｎｂ间由常态Ａｌ而引起的亲近效应的存在，并用ＭｃＭｉｌｌａｎ理论作了讨论。     

Nb超导量子结中AlOx—Al厚度对其特性的影响

通过阳极氧化电压谱图（ＡＶＳ），Ｉ－Ｖ特性和Ｆｉｓｋｅ台阶电压测量，我们研究了Ｎｂ超导量子结构中ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ厚度对其特性的影响。发现ＡＶＳ中ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ与Ｎｂ电极之间的界面陡度和Ｉ－Ｖ特性取决于ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ厚度，Ｎｂ｜ＡｌＯｘ－Ａｌ｜Ｎｂ结的最小最佳沉积Ａｌ层厚度为７ｎｍ。     

四极SIMS对Al_xGa_（1－x）As中Si的定量分析

本文讨论了用ＭＩＱ－１５６四极ＳＩＭＳ仪器对ＡｌｘＧａ（ｌ－ｘ）Ａｓ中Ｓｉ进行定量分析的实验方法，考察了测量结果的重复性及ｘ变化时ＳｉＲＳＦ的变化规律，在ＩＭＳ－４ｆＳＩＭＳ仪器上进行了对比测试，用Ｃｓ＋源对（２９）Ｓｉ的原子检测限达到４×１０（１５）ｃｍ（－３）．     

B样条函数与图像边缘检测

介绍一种基于Ｂ样条函数的边缘检测算子,该算法是利用Ｂ样条函数对原始图像进行拟合,然后求拟合曲面一阶导数的模极大值或二阶导数的零交叉点来检测图像的边缘。根据Ｂ样条函数的局部性质给出了其平滑、一阶和二阶导数的具体卷积模板,该算法简洁,便于实时处理。     

Si／Ge_xSi_（1－x）结构中的高分辨率反应离子刻蚀及损伤

Ｓｉ／Ｇｅ＿ｘＳｉ＿（１－ｘ）结构中的高分辨率反应离子刻蚀及损伤＝Ｈｉｇｈ－ｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅｉｏｎｅｔｃｈｉｎｇａｎｄｄａｍａｇｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｉｎｔｈｅＳｉ／Ｇｅ＿ｘＳｉ＿（１－ｘ）ｓｙｓｔｅｍ［刊，英］／Ｃｈｅ－ｕｎｇ．Ｒ．…...     

二维傅里叶变换及其在红外系统分析中的应用

第二讲空间滤波器的分析３．６被半径为ａ的圆孔径限制的平行幅条函数设平行幅条的周期间隔为ｘ０＝１／ｋ０，则ｐ６（ｘ，ｙ）＝Ｃｉｒｃ（ｒ／ａ）·ｐ４（ｘ）由第一讲中公式（８）得：ｐ６（ｆｘ，ｆｙ）＝ａＪ１（２πａＦ２ｘ＋ｆ２ｙ）ｆ２ｘ＋２ｙ１２δ（ｆｘ...     

B样条函数与图像边缘检测

介绍一种基于 B样条函数的边缘检测算子 ,该算法是利用 B样条函数对原始图像进行拟合 ,然后求拟合曲面一阶导数的模极大值或二阶导数的零交叉点来检测图像的边缘。根据 B样条函数的局部性质给出了其平滑、一阶和二阶导数的具体卷积模板 ,该算法简洁 ,便于实时处理。     

Si上Si1—x—yGexCy三元合金薄膜的化学气相淀积生长研究

本文报道了用快速加热化学气相淀积方法,乙烯（Ｃ２Ｈ４）作为Ｃ源在Ｓｉ（１００）衬底上生长Ｓｉ１－ｘ－ｙＧｅｘＣｙ合金薄膜的实验结果,经喇曼（Ｒａｍａｎ）光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）测量表明：我们成功地制备了具有一定代位式Ｃ含量的Ｓｉ１－ｘ－ｙＧｅｘＣｙ合金薄膜材料,较低的生长温度和较高的ＳｉＨ４／Ｃ２Ｈ４流量比有助于提高代位式Ｃ含量和薄膜材料的晶体质量,并且初步分析了生长过程中化学反应动力     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.