TiO2柱撑粘土纳米功能材料制备研究

聚合物粘土纳米复合材料从分子尺度上增强材料性能，使其具有优良的阻隔性能、阻燃性能和力学性能，从而成为一种令人注目的新材料。为使粘土在聚合物中在分子水平上均匀分散，我们通过大的聚核TiO2阳离子对粘土进行柱撑，小角XRD、BET以及TG-DTG等测试手段表明皂土经TiO2聚阳离子柱化后，热稳定性明显增强，在空气中50℃干燥比表面积为202m2／g，经500℃煅烧后为183m2／g，远远大于未柱化的原皂土(1lm2／g)，这些性能的改善有利于获得性能更为优越的聚合物粘土纳米复合材料。     

聚合物/层状粘土纳米复合材料阻燃性能研究进展

聚合物／层状粘土(PLC)纳米复合材料是近十年来研究的热点。由于PLC纳米复合材料具有常规聚合物复合材料所没有的结构、形态以及较常规材料更加优越的力学性能、耐热性能、气液体的阻隔性能等，所以具有广泛的工业应用前景。文中综述了PLC纳米复合材料的制备、性能、结构及其在阻燃方面应用研究的现状。     

粘土／塑料纳米复合技术及其应用的新发展

近年来，粘土（蒙脱土）剥离成纳米级厚度的层状硅酸盐并分散在聚合物基体中的粘土／塑料复合体系的制备技术发展很快，并在工程塑料、塑料包装等许多领域呈现出良好的应用前景。聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的结构、性能及应用等许多方面优于普通聚合物材料，是当今聚合物材料基础研究和应用开发的热点。     

插层法制备聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料及其应用进展

概述了聚合物／粘土纳米复合材料插层制备的新进展，根据插层机理和方法的差别，将插层法分为三类：（1）单体插层复合；（2）溶液中聚合物插层复合；（3）熔融聚合物插层复合。重点提出了利用双螺杆挤出机制备聚合物基纳米复合材料的新方法，展望了聚合物／粘土纳米复合材料的开发及其应用前景。     

聚合物-粘土纳米复合材料

利用某些层状粘土矿物的吸附性、离子交换性和膨胀性可以将一些聚合物引入到粘土矿物的层间域,形成性能优异的聚合物-粘土矿物纳米复合材料.论述了2:1型层状粘土矿物的结构特点,聚合物-粘土纳米复合材料的合成和表征及粘土片层的表面修饰.从热力学和动力学角度出发,分析了影响嵌入过程的各种因素.展望了聚合物-纳米复合材料的应用前景.     

聚烯烃纳米复合材料研究进展Ⅰ. 聚烯烃/粘土纳米复合材料

介绍了聚烯烃／粘土纳米复合材料的形成理论，结构与表征，性能与应用，并对近年来聚乙烯／粘土，聚丙烯／粘土纳米复合材料的研究进展进行了综述。     

尼龙6/粘土聚合物纳米复合材料的性能表征--(Ⅰ)电性能研究

使用Haake-90型双螺杆挤出机制备一系列粘土含量不同的尼龙6／粘土纳米聚合物复合材料，测试其介电常数、介电损耗、介电稳定性能以及电击穿强度，并讨论了粘土含量对纳米复合体系电性能的影响。研究发现，加入纳米粘土后材料的介电常数、介电损耗明显减小，同时介电稳定性能有了大幅度提高．但电击穿强度无明显变化。     

聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料研究进展

聚合物和无机物在纳米尺度上相复合,将使各自的优势得到最充分的体现,聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料的研究已成为高分子材料科学领域的前沿,显示出重要的科学意义和良好的应用前景.本文从制备方法、插层剂的选择、PCN结构、插层理论、性能和应用等方面综述了近年来聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料的研究进展,并对其制备方法提出展望.     

无机粒子/聚合物复合材料的结晶行为

综述了无机粒子和纳米粒子／聚合物复合材料的一些结晶性能，主要论述无机粒子对聚合物结晶的熔点、结晶温度及结晶度的影响；聚合物晶形及结构的变化；并论述了无机粒子和纳米粒子／聚合物复合材料的结晶动力学理论；概括了无机粒子和纳米粒子／聚合物复合材料的结晶影响因素。     

粘土/羧基丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

利用橡胶乳液／粘土纳米晶层互穿技术制备了粘土／羧基丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料,用透射电了显微镜证实和描述了其纳米分散相结构,用动态粘弹谱仪测量和研究了其动态力学性能和分子热运动特性。研究了这种纳米复合材料的力学性能、各向异性、耐磨性、气密性和溶胀性等性能。剖析了粘土晶层的补强机理和分散机理。结果表明,复合材料中粘土的精细分散结构使材料具有较好的力学性能,如拉伸强度和撕裂强度,耐溶胀性能,优异的耐磨性和气     

Polymer Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

Polymer nanocomposites with layered silicates as the inorganic phase (reinforcement) are discussed. The materials design and synthesis rely on the ability of layered silicates to intercalate in the galleries between their layers a wide range of monomers and polymers. Special emphasis is placed on a new, versatile and environmentally benign synthesis approach by polymer melt intercalation. In contrast to in-situ polymerization and solution intercalation, melt intercalation involves mixing the layered silicate with the polymer and heating the mixture above the softening point of the polymer. Compatibility with various polymers is accomplished by derivatizing the silicates with alkyl ammonium cations via an ion exchange reaction. By fine-tuning the surface characteristics nanodispersion (i. e. intercalation or delamination) can be accomplished. The resulting polymer layered silicate (PLS) nanocomposites exhibit properties dramatically different from their more conventional counterparts. For example, PLS nanocomposites can attain a particular degree of stiffness, strength and barrier properties with far less inorganic content than comparable glass- or mineral reinforced polymers and, therefore, they are far lighter in weight. In addition, PLS nanocomposites exhibit significant increase in thermal stability as well as self-extinguishing characteristics. The combination of improved properties, convenient processing and low cost has already led to a few commercial applications with more currently under development.     

聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究进展

聚合物/层状硅酸盐(PLS)纳米复合材料是一新兴复合材料,具有优异的性能,是当前材料科学的研究热点之一。本文作者首先简要概述了层状硅酸盐的结构及其表面修饰,其中LS的离子交换容量和插层剂的种类是制备PLS纳米复合材料的关键因素之一;然后介绍了PLS纳米复合材料的制备方法、微观结构及其特点,其主要制备方法是插层复合法,包括插层聚合法和聚合物插层法两种;最后展望了PLS纳米复合材料的发展、特性及应用。      

Effect of layered silicate reinforcement on the structure and mechanical properties of spent polyamide-12 nanocomposites

The aim of this work was to study the structure and mechanical properties of spent polyamide-12 and spent polyamide-12/layered silicate reinforced novel nanocomposites. Layered silicate at 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt.% was incorporated in spent polyamide-12 and its nanocomposites were prepared using single screw injection moulding technique. The interlamellar structure and surface morphology were characterised by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Different levels of layered silicate dispersion (as characterised by TEM and SEM) correlated strongly with improvements in mechanical performance. The results showed that the tensile and flexural properties are found to be increased with the incorporation of layered silicate into spent PA-12 matrix. Comparison of tensile and flexural test results between virgin PA-12, spent PA-12 and spent PA-12 nanocomposites showed that spent PA-12 samples have retained 70% of its tensile and 80% of its flexural properties respectively, compared to virgin PA-12.     

插层法制备聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究进展

插层法可制得性能优异的聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料，其基体材料的力学性能、热稳定性、阻燃性及气体阻隔性等得到大幅度改善，近年来受到广泛的重视。文中从制备方法、材料性能及应用等方面较详细地综述了该领域的研究进展情况。     

Thermal Properties of Maleated Polyethylene/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

Nanocomposites are a new class of composites in which the reinforcing phase dimensions are on the order of nanometer scale. In particular, the layered silicates are considered to be good candidates for the preparation of polymer-inorganic nanocomposites. The mechanical and thermal properties of polymer can be altered by adding a few vol% of the nano-particles. The effect of the nano-sized particles on thermophysical properties such as melting and crystallization, coefficient of thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity was studied. After preparing the PEMA/layered silicate nanocomposites, the thermophysical properties were investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry and 3 methods. The content of layered silicate was varied from 0.5 to 5 vol%.     

Processing and characterization of nanofibrillated cellulose/layered silicate systems

Recently, nanofibrillated cellulose with cationic functional groups was synthesized. This trimethylammonium-modified nanofibrillated cellulose (TMA-NFC) was applied in this study for the preparation of composites with various layered silicates. These belonged to the groups of montmorillonite, kaolin, talc, vermiculite, and mica. The respective composites were prepared by high-shear homogenization followed by filtration and hot-pressing. Data on crystal structures, chemical compositions, cation exchange capacity, specific surface area, density, and morphology of all clays and micas themselves as well as structure information of the corresponding composites have been collected. Possible microstructural features responsible for the composite appearances were tentatively identified. Principally, the interactions between TMA-NFC and the layered silicates were pronounced, due to electrostatic attraction of cationic cellulose fibrils and anionic silicate layers. This mutual interaction between TMA-NFC and layered silicate, however, was influenced not only by layered silicate properties but also by the composite preparation method, as discussed in this study.     

可生物降解性聚合物-层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究进展

可生物降解性聚合物一层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料比聚合物基体有更好的力学强度、热稳定性、热变形温度、气体阻隔特性和更快的降解速率，表现出剪切变稀、模量升高、似固体行为等流变特性。文中综述了可生物降解性聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法、表征手段、性能测试及其应用等方面的研究进展。     

纳米技术在材料阻燃改性中的应用

介绍了纳米技术在阻燃材料中的应用进展。层状硅酸盐、层状双氢氧化物、碳纳米管等制备的聚合物／纳米复合材料，其热稳定性有所提高，但要和阻燃剂协同使用才能达到最佳的阻燃效果。常规阻燃剂的纳米化不仅可以提高阻燃效率，还可降低阻燃剂的添加量，改善阻燃材料的物理机械性能。     

Biodegradable nanocomposites of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate): the effect of nanoparticles

Copolymer of hydroxybutyrate and hydroxyvalerate, P(HB-HV)/layered silicate or hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were prepared via melt extrusion. The nanostructure, as observed from wide-angle X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, indicate intercalated hybrids for layered silicates. Hydroxyapatite of nanometer dimension is uniformly distributed in matrix copolymer. The nanohybrids show significant improvement in thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymer as compared to the neat copolymer. The layered silicate nanocomposites exhibit superior mechanical properties as compared to hydroxyapatite nanohybrid. The thermal expansion coefficient is significantly reduced in nanohybrids. The biodegradability of pure copolymer and its nanocomposites were studied at room temperatures under controlled conditions in compost media. The rate of biodegradation of copolymer is enhanced dramatically in the nanohybrids. Hydroxyapatite hybrid shows highest rate of biodegradation. The change in biodegradation is streamlined in terms of nature of nanoparticles used to prepare hybrids.