工业机器人人机交互系统的综合评价和实证分析

针对目前成熟的评估方法难以对工业机器人人机交互系统进行综合评价的问题,提出一种交互性能4维指标综合评价体系.对工业机器人交互系统的交互功能和交互性能进行描述,并对 ABB、川崎和 UR 3种典型机器人的示教过程做了初步的交互系统综合评价.结果表明:该系统有一定的指导价值,可为工业机器人人机交互系统的研究提供新的方法.     

工业机器人示教盒系统的设计

工业机器人示教盒系统,以8031单片机为核心,由盒体、键盘、显示屏、控制电路等组成.系统软件包括显示、键盘及通讯.示教盒开机上电后,进行8279芯片、串行通讯初始化.初始化成功后显示WELCOM提示信息,随后再进行示教、工作、再现三种模式的选取,并在示教模式下完成对机器人的示教操作.     

工业机器人技术概述与前瞻

工业机器人技术包括位置控制、柔顺控制、控制策略、机器人视觉与感觉及听觉系统、机器人示教编程和语言编程、机器人网络控制与远程通讯、智能传感器及信息融合等等.机器人仿真及虚拟现实技术等是其发展趋势.     

机器人战术靶示教路径采样和跟踪控制

针对机器人战术靶在实际战术演练中需实现任意路径的跟踪控制,提出一种示教路径采样和跟踪控制策 略。基于2 种示教分别制定路径点采样策略,其中：在线示教人工远程操作机器人战术靶行走,构建基于行驶距离 和转弯半径的路径点采样策略;离线示教通过上位机在地图文件上编辑定义一系列离散的路径点来完成示教路径的 绘制。路径再现阶段读取之前存储的示教路径,采用节点跟踪切换控制策略、速度分段控制策略、基于航向和偏距 组合误差的方向控制策略来控制机器人对路径的跟踪。在物理样机上对算法进行验证,结果表明：机器人战术靶可 很好地对任意复杂示教路径进行跟踪,其中路径跟踪偏差小于0.3 m,各路径点到点跟踪速度偏差小于5%。     

基于AMESim的超高压水射流破拆机器人机械臂架仿真

针对超高压水射技术在混泥土的破碎和拆除方面还没有成熟应用的问题,根据超高压水射流破拆机器人实验样机,提出利用多学科多领域相互融合建模仿真软件AMESim对该样机液压系统进行仿真的方法.采用虚拟样机技术建立3维模型,利用AMESim软件对破拆机器人机械臂架驱动系统进行仿真模拟,获取其相关的重要参数.结果表明:该方法可为总液压系统和传动系统实验甚至后期优化提供参考,对改进破拆机器人的结构参数或提高其工作效率起着重要性意义.     

某型导弹发动机高能X 射线照相自动换片系统

针对固体导弹发动机高能X射线照相检测中人工换片耗时费力、效率低下等问题,研制和开发一套高能X射线照相自动换片系统。该系统采用合理的机械结构设计和工业机器人技术,从机械传动、气动系统和电气控制3个方面介绍了该系统的硬件系统,从手动、自动和示教3种运行方式设计了系统的软件控制,并分析了软件设计流程。分析结果证明:该系统实现了胶片暗盒的自动抓取与存放,缩短了检测时间,降低了射线辐射危害,提高了工作效率。     

基于智能手机远程监控的倒闸服务机器人系统

为解决传统模式下电力系统倒闸操作存在效率低、人力成本高的缺点,设计一种以服务机器人为平台并具有远程移动监控功能的倒闸服务机器人系统.系统本地端以搭载Android系统的ARM Cotex-A8工业开发板为主控模块,利用JNI技术实现ARM主控模块与专门定制的硬件功能模块交互通信;系统远程监控端以搭载Android系统的智能手机为远程移动监控平台,通过WiFi或3G/4G移动网络实现与服务机器人本地端网络通信.测试结果表明:服务机器人系统可以辅助倒闸操作并且实时远程监控,具有较高的可靠性、稳定性及管理的灵活性.     

军用轮、腿混合四足机器人设计

为设计一种可以在迈步行走、有动力轮式机动、无动力轮旱冰式滑行3种运动方式之间灵活转换的轮、腿混合四足机器人,提出一种采用3-PUPS机构的超冗余、可变胞并联机械腿,其构型可以通过伺服电机的抱闸锁定实现变胞变换,从而使机械腿能根据任务需求实时改变自身构型和性能。在建立机械腿3-PUPS机构的运动学和静力学模型基础上,通过定义运动学和静力学性能评价指标,分析了机械腿尺寸参数对其各性能评价指标的影响规律,从而确定机械腿一组使机械腿运动学和静力学性能较为均衡的结构参数,并研制出机械腿的实验样机。建立轮、腿混合四足机器人整机的通用运动学模型,定义机器人整机的性能评价指标,分析机器人整机尺寸参数对其各性能评价指标的影响规律,并确定整机尺寸参数值,在此基础上完成了轮、腿混合四足机器人整机的设计方案。通过一套专用机器人标定系统对机械腿的实验样机进行位姿测量实验。研究结果表明：机械腿运动平台的实际运动沿x轴方向最大偏差为0.041 mm,沿y轴方向最大偏差为0.040 mm,沿 z轴方向最大偏差为0.040 mm;绕z轴姿态角最大偏差为0.041°,绕y轴姿态角最大偏差为0.043°,绕x轴姿态角最大偏差为0.045°;机械腿实验样机达到了通用式工业机器人的精度水平。     

HP3机器人顺序控制技术在产品分选中的应用

HP3机器人顺序控制技术在产品分选中的应用,参照机器人控制柜NX100配线图完成机器人相关控制信号与上位机控制器间的连线.软件设计部分利用合适的坐标系和运动方式进行示教,生成若干个机器人作业轨迹,最后将作业按各自的执行顺序和条件编写形成主程序.     

六足机器人轮腿结构设计与仿真分析

针对移动机器人在复杂地形环境适应能力弱的问题,设计一种新型六足轮腿复合式机器人.对机器人的基本结构及轮腿结构进行设计,阐明轮-腿模式转换机理,简述腿式三足步态及轮式步态规划,利用ADAMS软件对机器人进行动态仿真,并对轮腿结构进行有限元分析.仿真结果表明:六足机器人轮腿结构满足设计要求,能通过转换轮腿结构使机器人以腿式或轮式模式移动,兼具腿式、轮式2种机器人的优点.     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.