微型风力机风轮的结构优化及分析

依据风力机风轮结构设计理论和微型风力机的具体工况,从叶片数、叶片形状和翼型3方面对微型风力机风轮结构进行了优化,得到3种不同的风轮结构方案。结合微型风力机风轮的结构特点和实际工况,运用计算流体动力学软件(FLUENT)建立风轮的三维流场仿真模型,并验证该仿真模型的有效性。分别对3种不同的风轮结构进行气动性能分析,对比其输出转矩和输出功率,确定最优的微型风轮结构。     

风电叶片三维参数建模及振动分析

利用目前风力机叶片设计普遍采用的优化设计方法Wilson设计方法,通过MATLAB编程,开发了小型叶片气动设计的应用程序,并利用该程序设计了一台3kW小型水平轴风力机叶片.采用MATLAB和ANSYS共同建立了风力机叶片三维有限元参数模型,MATLAB编制的建模程序提高了初期设计效率,缩短了ANSYS分析前处理时间.在此基础上进行了叶片固有振动特性计算,分析了叶片的振动特性及其与结构参数之间的关系,分析方法和结果对风电叶片的结构设计和动力分析有一定的参考价值.     

基于IABC算法的风力机叶片参数优化

为了降低风力机叶片的单位输出能量成本,改善风能利用情况,将风力机叶片的弦长、扭角和相对厚度参数作为设计变量,建立了叶片单位输出能量成本最小的目标函数,运用改进人工蜂群算法(IABC算法)对风力机叶片不同截面进行参数优化,并对叶片单位输出能量成本进行分析和验证。研究表明,某2MW的风力机叶片经优化后,年输出能量增加了0.5%,叶片成本减少了1.9%,叶片单位输出能量成本降低了2.4%。     

垂直轴阻力型风力机功率计算与Fluent数值模拟

以一小型风力机作实捌,运用2种方法分别计算垂直轴阻力型风力机的风能利用率。一种方法是通过对风力机叶片受力分析,利用风力和功率计算公式,借助Matlab工具计算;另一种方法是利用Fluent软件分析风力机在给定风速下的气动性能,仿真叶片气动流场流态,并计算叶轮的扭转力矩和风能利用系数等参数。比较2种方法的优缺点,有助于垂直轴风力机的设计研发。     

气动载荷作用下复合材料风力机叶片结构优化设计

针对复杂构形的复合材料风力机叶片内部结构,采用新设计的2 MW风力机叶片,基于等代设计法对其进行复合材料初始铺层设计;建立完整的叶片有限元参数化模型;基于修正的动量叶素理论,提出一种适用于叶片结构设计与优化的新的流固耦合方法;建立叶片优化数学模型,以叶片质量最小为优化目标,以层合板厚度、主梁位置等作为优化设计变量,采用粒子群算法与有限元法结合的策略对复合材料风力机叶片进行优化设计。优化结果表明,相比初始叶片,优化后的叶片质量有了较大的减少,而且以优化设计方案二(叶片主梁位置可变作为优化设计变量之一)的结果尤为明显。该研究对于风力机叶片结构设计及优化具有重要的指导意义,使风力机翼型、叶片及结构参数化一体化设计成为可能。     

轴流叶轮叶片设计与计算流体动力学气动特性分析

为了解决低功率轴流叶轮叶片设计研究不足的问题,以叶片结构参数为基础,通过分析计算,提出了一种基于叶型参数的叶片设计方法。该方法依据速度三角形原理,针对叶片几何进口角、几何出口角及叶片弦长等相关要素进行优化与调试,实现轴流叶轮叶片的外形设计,并运用计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)进行气动模拟验证。验证结果表明,该叶片功率曲线服从翼型及叶片气动特性规律,输出功率为4.46 W,满足低功率风力机设计要求。     

基于QFD技术的风力机叶片加工中心整体概念设计研究

风力机叶片加工中心设计是将优化决策模型和质量功能展开(QFD)模型应用其中。首先建立风力机叶片加工中心质量屋,用户对加工中心的要求和改进要求在加工中心的建模设计和制造过程中转化为工程措施。同时,将各种工程措施的实施所消耗的资源与企业现有资源相结合,通过优化决策模型为加工中心建模重新设计选择关键工程措施。在资源有限的情况下,加工中心的设计可以最大程度地满足客户的需求,从而提高了风力机叶片加工中心的市场竞争力。     

风力机叶片的形状优化设计

在风力机优化设计过程中,考虑法向力和切向力的叶尖损失,基于一维的动量叶素理论及传统的风力机空气动力学原理,推导并给出新的风力机轴向和周向因子的计算模型。探讨风力机成本和输出能量之间的关系,得到风力机成本及其年输出能量的计算模型,进而建立风力机单位输出能量成本的数学模型,以其为优化设计目标,以叶片的形状参数弦长、扭角和相对厚度为优化设计变量,提出叶片的优化设计数学模型。最后,应用该优化模型对某2MW风力机叶片进行优化设计,并对优化结果进行比较分析,验证了优化叶片的工作性能,很好地实现了风轮单位能量成本的降低。研究成果为大功率风力机叶片的设计开发提供了理论依据,奠定了风力机叶片的研究和工业应用前景。     

风力发电机风叶系统的振动测试及研究

为进行风电叶片振动系统的分析,采用Wilson方法优化设计了一台离网型水平轴风力机的叶片,同时采用MATLAB和ANSYS共同建立了风电叶片三维有限元参数模型,并分析了叶片固有振动特性.为了验证仿真效果,在平衡机上对离网型风力机实物进行了测试,并进行了分析.     

基于遗传算法的风力机叶片优化

绍了遗传算法的基本知识并提出了风力机叶片优化设计模型,采用全局优化的方法,以叶片各截面年发电量最大为设计目标,叶片各截面处的弦长和扭角为优化变量,使用遗传算法进行了搜索寻优。以1.5 MW 风力机为例,利用 MATLAB 软件中已开发的优化程序设计并优化叶片,把用全局优化方法设计的叶片与 Glauert 方法所设计的叶片进行了比较,同时把所设计的叶片与已有叶片相比,结果表明其输出功率明显增加,从而说明了该方法的有效性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.