青钢1号高炉高煤比冶炼特点

青钢1号高炉通过采取精料、提高富氧率、优化上下部操作等措施,实现了高煤比冶炼,最高煤比达200kg/t。高炉提高煤比的冶炼特点是炉缸活跃、炉顶煤气温度降低、煤气分布趋于合理、煤气利用率提高、综合焦比降低。计算表明,差值置换比达0.922t/t,经济效益显著。     

太钢6号高炉富氧率与煤比的合理匹配

以太钢6号高炉为对象,分析了不同富氧率和喷煤量条件下,理论燃烧温度、煤粉燃烧率及炉身部位间接还原过程的变化规律,阐述了高炉在不同喷煤量条件下适宜的富氧率范围。认为,在6号高炉2%~3%的富氧率条件下,煤比上限应控制在180~185kg/t;当煤比达到200kg/t时,煤粉燃烧率低于下限75%的要求,至少需将富氧率提高至4%以上。6号高炉在200kg/t煤比条件下,由于富氧率与煤比的合理匹配,炉内未燃煤粉没有大幅增加,燃料比也没有明显的增加。     

首钢迁钢1号高炉喷煤降焦实践

对首钢迁钢1号高炉实现300kg/t以下焦比的冶炼实践进行了总结.首钢迁钢1号高炉通过完善高炉操作制度,改善焦炭质量,提高富氧率和风温,达到了焦比288.35kg/t、煤比162.4kg/t的生产指标,有效降低了炼铁成本     

富氧喷煤对高炉风口回旋区特征影响的理论研究

运用热力学软件FactSage,针对攀钢4号高炉,研究了富氧和喷煤的变化对高炉风口回旋区特征的影响,主要是对理论燃烧温度以及煤气成分的影响。其结果表明:在攀钢目前的冶炼条件下,4号高炉的喷煤比可以继续提高至185 kg/t,但在245 kg/t时达到极限。提高喷煤比和富氧率均可提高回旋区的温度,但喷煤比的效果会更加显著;喷煤比和富氧的变化对煤气成分影响也各不相同。     

天钢1号高炉提高煤比实践

对天钢1号高炉提高煤比生产实践进行了总结。天钢1号高炉开炉后,通过采用精料入炉、改善焦炭质量、大矿批和高顶压操作、提高风温和富氧率等措施,高炉煤比达到并稳定在155 kg/t～160 kg/t,焦比降到330kg/t,利用系数达到2.7 t/m~3·d。     

安钢炼铁厂1号高炉富氧喷煤工业试验

为提高喷煤比,安钢炼铁厂1号高炉进行了为期3个月的富氧喷煤工业试验。研究了富氧率、煤粉粒度、煤比对煤粉燃烧率和炉况的影响。鹤壁烟煤煤比140kg／t以下可以不富氧或少量富氧即能保证0．8以上的煤焦置换比;煤比提高到160kg／t须富氧2％,达到180kg／t则须富氧3％。     

昆钢高炉富氧喷煤技术进步

对昆钢高炉富氧喷煤技术的特点以及提高煤比的操作措施进行了分析.昆钢通过采取烟煤混喷、富氧、提高风温、提高制粉能力、实行均匀喷吹、改进送风系统、加强高炉操作等措施,使昆钢5号和6号高炉的煤比分别达到90 kg/t和140 kg/t以上,从而使昆钢高炉的富氧喷煤技术取得了长足进步.     

迁钢2号高炉180kg／t高煤比攻关实践

对迁钢2号高炉180kg/t煤比的工业试验进行了总结.通过采取改造喷煤设备、改善原燃料质量、优化高炉操作制度、加强炉外管理等措施,2号高炉高煤比攻关达到了预期目的,高炉富氧率达到4%,利用系数达到2.53,煤比达到180.35 kg/t.     

唐钢新3号高炉喷煤降焦生产实践

对唐钢新3号高炉喷煤降焦生产实践进行了总结.通过调整送风制度和装料制度、提高富氧率、不断优化高炉操作,取得了煤比150kg/t、综合焦比480kg/t的好指标.     

钒钛磁铁矿冶炼高炉喷吹焦炉煤气的减排能力

高炉喷吹焦炉煤气可以充分发挥氢还原的作用,实现高炉冶炼的低碳绿色发展。为了分析高炉喷吹焦炉煤气的减排能力,以钒钛磁铁矿冶炼高炉的现场生产数据和炉内理化反应为基础建立质能平衡模型,研究焦炉煤气喷吹量对风口理论燃烧温度和炉顶煤气CO₂排放量的影响;建立一定约束条件下喷吹焦炉煤气的操作窗口,讨论其降碳减排能力。研究结果表明,在一定的富氧率、焦比、煤比和风温下,随着焦炉煤气喷吹量的增加,风口理论燃烧温度和炉顶煤气CO₂排放量均降低。当风温和煤比一定时,通过提高富氧率可以实现喷吹焦炉煤气高炉的热量补偿。随着焦炉煤气喷吹量的增加,富氧率提高、焦比降低。不喷吹焦炉煤气,钒钛磁铁矿高炉在富氧率为3%、焦比为380.0 kg/t(Fe)、煤比为130 kg/t(Fe)、风温为1 200℃操作条件正常运行时,其风口理论燃烧温度为2 075℃、炉顶煤气温度最低为120℃;当焦炉煤气喷吹量为55 m³/t(Fe)时,可以维持与不喷吹焦炉煤气时相同的理论燃烧温度和炉顶煤气温度,相应的富氧率为5.63%、焦比为371 kg/t,炉顶CO_2...     

Laudatio: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. Dres. h. c. Heinz H?fner

During the course of a year, there are many healthcare workers nationwide who sustain sharps injuries whilst carrying out their duties. Staff who work in the Accident and Emergency (A & E) units are no different from anyone else in this respect. The emotional cost of such an accident cannot be calculated, whereas the financial costs can. This article aims to show how the cost of an injury to a member of staff can be calculated, thus allowing a manager to assess the financial implications of sharps injuries to their department. In the absence of access to an Occupational Health (OH) department, most A & E units have to respond to sharps injuries to healthcare workers in the hospital. This task must be attended to by the medical staff as well as the nursing staff of the A & E unit. Within the following text the appropriate responses and methods to ensure uniformity of response are discussed. The tables and the calculation figures shown are taken directly from the information held in the St James's University Hospital Trust's OH department. All calculations are based on the middle band of the salary scale for each discipline. Accurate costings for each member of staff injured cannot be shown in this article, but the general principle is laid down and can be easily followed for any situation.     

1969 C.P.A. Institute.

Presents the program for the C.P.A. Institute entitled "The Role of Counseling Services on the Contemporary Campus." The Institute was held on June 2-3, 1969. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Rats, Man . . .

Comments on the article by Richter entitled "Rats, Man, and the Welfare State" (see record 1960-02810-001). The commenter notes that in his article Richter did not indicate how hereditary and environmental factors were controlled. In comparing the hereditary survival characteristics of wild versus domesticated rats, it would be essential that the environmental influences on the survival characteristics of the wild rats should be ruled out. Another factor to be considered is that the wild state may offer a diet and other environmental influences, which in the life of a single individual would produce organic changes, accounting for some of the differences between wild and domestic rats. It would seem that the most effective way to determine the hereditary differences between wild and domestic rats would be to create a wild group, composed solely of the offspring of wild rats. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The blood-brain barrier. I. Histology. Physiology. Embryology. Transport

The concept of blood-brain barrier (bbb) arose in the beginning of the 20th century after report that the dyes injected intravenously did not appear in the brain. The idea and definition of bbb has been changed many times since then. We present current opinion concerning bbb, its histology, embryology, ultrastructure and function on the ground of a review of the recent literature.