卧式钢球研球机油缸布局方式的探讨

卧式钢球研球机在钢球的终末加工阶段使用,钢球研球机的工作精度对钢球的最终精度和质量有着决定性的影响。     

钢球制造工艺(10)

第十章 钢球的硬磨加工硬磨加工的目的是为了去除钢球在软磨加工及热处理时遗留下来的表面缺陷,从而统一上工序的尺寸公差,并进一步提高钢球的尺寸精度和几何精度,以及改善其粗糙度.硬磨加工时所采用的设备、工装、磨削原理和加工规范均与软磨加工相间(详见第八章).一、钢球硬磨时冷却液的配方及作用     

轴承钢球工艺质量关键技术分析与实践

滚动轴承钢球的精度、性能和寿命在很大程度上取决于钢球加工过程中的工艺质量。从钢球的基本要求出发,对钢球的尺寸规格、精度等级、加工工艺过程、烧伤的原因与控制、节能降耗等方面进行了综述,同时对关键技术进行了分析和实践。     

“02”级精度微型钢球试制情况介绍

试制的“02”级精度别1/16的钢球,钢球的精度能稳定地达到如下指标: 真球度 0.1微米 尺寸互相差 0.1微米 表面光洁度 13级以上 表面缺陷 用干涉法放大490倍检查, 整个钢球表面的缺陷数量 不多于4个,缺陷处的粗 糙度不低于12级。精研工序的生产率可达1500个/8 小时 “02”级精度钢球与“0”级精度钢球的加工工艺大致相同,“02”级精度钢球加工的主要关键在于精研工序。精研采用的机床是利用金相磨片机改装的立式研球机,机床刚性好,振动小。精研前的工件必须严格控制尺寸及公差;加工规范要适当;研磨盘必须达到规定的技术要求;研磨油膏及精研板必须清洁,油膏氧化铬颗粒要细。附表2个。     

钢球硬磨加工工艺的优化

分析现有钢球硬磨加工工艺的成球机理及存在的不足,建立钢球硬磨加工的力学模型,优化砂轮结构,设计了内凹锥形砂轮,并得出当砂轮的偏锥角为20°时,可有效提高钢球球形精度和磨削效率。     

大型轴承钢球的制造

针对大型钢球用常规工艺难以加工的问题,设计了大型钢球的生产工艺,并对制造装备和检测量具和仪器也进行了设计及改进,生产出的钢球精度和质量满足了各项要求.     

钢球制造工艺(11)

第十一章 钢球的细研加工钢球的细研加工在研磨机上进行,如图11-1所示.转动研磨盘上车有若干同心的V型沟槽,固定研磨盘不车沟.加工过程,在工作压力P的作用下,研磨膏被挤压而嵌入研磨盘的表面,钢球沿沟槽在两块研磨盘之间滚动,从而使其表面受到研磨.研磨后的钢球可获得更高的尺寸精度、几何精度及表面粗糙度.一、3M4730研磨机的操作调整     

钢球挤孔工艺

钢球挤孔就是以钢球作为主要工具,完成对工件内表面的光整加工。此工艺是以一个直径比工件孔径略大的钢球,通过一定的速度穿过工件的内孔,利用钢球的高精度、高硬度和低表面粗糙度值来挤压加工零件的内孔,使材料孔产生永久变形,从而达到提高加工表面质量、表面硬度、尺寸精度和生产效率的目的。     

钢球挤孔工艺的拓补

本文基于对金属材料组织构造的认识,对钢球挤孔加工产生永久变形的机理进行了探讨.提出了小余量挤孔加工原则和钢球不重磨原则.设计了一种制造简单、精度保持性能良好的刚性挤孔工具.     

表面强化对改善钢球动态性能的分析

钢球是球轴承的重要零件之一,钢球质量的优劣直接影响轴承的旋转精度、动态性能和使用寿命,因此,提高钢球的加工质量,尤其是提高钢球的动态性能是生产低噪音钢球的最有效途径。１钢球表面强化的必要性从７０年代始国外钢球强化工艺引进我国,通过２０年的生产实践,强化工艺已被钢球行业广泛采用,强化工艺的优越性得到了认可和肯定。对钢球采用强化工艺,主要是因为钢球经过热处理后,其组织相变为硬度很高的马氏体,但在钢球的表层仍然存在残余奥氏体,奥氏体的硬度又低于马氏体,于是在钢球的表面就出现软硬不均的现象,在精研加工中…     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...