流延法制备Si3N4块体及Si3N4／BN层状材料

采用流延法制备了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４块体及Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＢＮ层状材料。流延法已经在陶瓷的制备工艺中得到了广泛的应用,但是很少用于Ｓｉ３Ｎ４体系,尤其是水基流延法。用流延法制备Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＢＮ层状材料时,可以较为容易的控制坯片的厚度,得到性能稳定的层状材料。     

SiO2-Si3N4复合材料的力学性能及其增韧机理

采用热压工艺制备了ＳｉＯ２－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料，其抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到１４３ＭＰａ和１．７ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，比基体ＳｉＯ２材料分别提高１０７％和７０％，复合材料改善是由于高弹性模量的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４引入以及ＳｉＯ２和Ｓｉ３Ｎ４热膨胀系数不匹配导致的残余应力。     

加压烧结Si_3N_4的特性及其应用

加压烧结Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４的特性及其应用氮化硅烧结体（Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４）是迄今无机材料中耐热、耐冲击性最好的。日本已用于制造机械零件。特别是Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４在汽车发动机部件上的实用化，引起强烈反响，所以Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４是一种很有前途的新型材料。通常，金属材料制造的高温...     

Si3N4原料对形成长颗粒 Ca-α-Sialon晶粒形貌的影响

针对固定组份的Ｃａ－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ系统Ｃａ１.８Ｓｉ６.６Ａl５．４Ｏ１．８Ｎ1４．２）,选用不同α／β比值的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４原料考察了无压烧结所得材料的致密化、反应过程及显微结构的异同．结果表明,由两种不同α／β比值的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４原料制备的材料,其α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ晶粒均具有长颗粒的形貌．但高β相含量的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４原料会阻碍Ｃａ－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ材料的致密化,β－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４相完全消失的温度也比α－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４提高了１００℃．原料中β相含量废越高,提供给α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ生长的核心数越少,α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ晶粒越粗大,而且高β相Ｓｉ３Ｎ４原料中宽的粒径分布导致所得α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ晶粒尺寸的不均匀．     

离子注入对纳米Si_3N_4结构的影响

通过ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＸＰＳ和荧光光谱研究了离子注入对纳米Ｓｉ３Ｎ４结构的影响．发现离子注入改变了材料中游离硅（ａ－Ｓｉ）的结构,使其变成了ＳｉＮｎ（ｎ＝１,２）．荧光谱研究表明纳米Ｓｉ３Ｎ４具有明显的量子限制效应,并且荧光峰的位置和强度存在不稳定性．根据实验结果给出了纳米Ｓｉ３Ｎ４的能级结构图.     

SiO2—Si3N4天线窗材料的介电性能研究

研究了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４含量和相对密度对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４颗粒增强ＳｉＯ２复合材料的介电性能的影响。结果表明：在Ｓｉ３Ｎ４含量相同时，随着相对密度的增大，复合材料的介电常数增大，介电损耗减少；在一定的相对密度下，复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗随Ｓｉ３Ｎ４含量的增加而增大。     

温度对结构陶瓷弯曲性能的影响

通过四点弯曲还试验方法，初步讨论了Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｓｉ３Ｎ４两种陶瓷材料高温下弯曲性能与温度的关系。试验发现，Ａｌ２Ｏ３材料在１０００℃以下，强度变化不明显，但随温度进一步升高，强度明显下降，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４材料在高温下具有明显的塑性变形能力。     

激光诱导气相合成SiN4／SiC纳米粉试验工艺研究

选择廉价的六甲基乙硅胺烷（（Ｍｅ３Ｓｉ）２ＮＨ）和氨气为原料，采用正交设计试验参数的方法，研究了激光功率密度、六甲基乙硅胺烷蒸汽流量、氨气流量对粉体化学组成的影响，制备出低游离碳含量，高Ｓｉ３Ｎ４含量的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣ粉体，研究结果表明，在的试验参数范围内，形成的粉体中Ｓｉ３Ｎ４，ＳｉＣ的相对含量在较大的范围内变化，对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４粉体中Ｓｉ３Ｎ４的形成影响最大的是激光功率密度，六甲基乙硅胺烷流量对     

Si3N4／SiC纳米复合陶瓷的制备,结构和性能

Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣＵ纳米复合陶瓷是近年发展起来的高温高温度结构材料，它通过纳米ＳｉＣ颗粒在Ｓｉ３Ｎ４基体中的弥散达到强化增韧的效果。研究表明，这种增韧方法所获得的室温和高温机械性能均远远高于其它的增韧方法。本文综述了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣ纳米复合陶瓷在制备、结构和性能方面的研究成果，指出了尚待解决的问题和今后的研究方向。     

SiO_2－Si_3N_4天线窗材料的介电性能研究

研究了Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４含量和相对密度对Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４颗粒增强ＳｉＯ_２基复合材料的介电性能的影响。结果表明：在Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４含量相同时，随着相对密度的增大，复合材料的介电常数增大，介电损耗减少；在一定的相对密度下，复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗随Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４含量的增加而增大。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.