板料成形数值模拟有限元求解算法

正确选用有限元求解算法是成形模拟成功的关键技术之一。阐述了板料成形数值模拟的4种有限元求解算法,即静力隐式算法、动力显式算法、静力显式算法和一步成形法,并对这4种算法进行了论述和比较,介绍了其在实际中的应用,探讨了在板料成形模拟中如何选择有限元算法进行可靠、高效的有限元分析。     

薄板深拉延成形有限元仿真

板材成形有限元仿真采用虚拟制造技术反映模具与板材之间的相互作用以及板材实际变形的全过程,有助于推动生产的快速化和设计的智能化.汽车企业通过对板材成形过程的有限元仿真可确定钢板性能参数范围和冲压工艺参数范围,以保证生产的稳定性.采用动力显式有限元软件LS-DYNA,对上海宝钢St14-T冷轧薄板的深拉延成形过程进行了仿真计算,分析了变形过程的金属流动规律.     

基于动力显式算法的热成形数值模拟预测

考虑金属热处理相变动力学模型,建立了适用于高强度钢板热成形的热、力、相变多场耦合本构方程。基于大变形动力显式有限元算法及上述多场耦合本构方程,建立了热成形动力显式有限元方程。并将板料相变潜热释放引入到热成形温度场分析过程中。在自主开发的商业化金属成形CAE软件KMAS(King Mesh Analysis System)基础上开发了热成形动力显式分析模块,可用于预测热成形过程中零件的厚度变化、温度变化、微观组织各相的体积分数以及硬度分布。随后采用该模块对一款汽车B柱的热成形过程及最终力学性能进行数值模拟预测,并与试验结果进行对比,对比的一致性证明了所建立的多场耦合本构方程及KMAS热成形动力显式分析模块的正确性。     

基于冲压件的Autoform数值模拟分析

论述了椭圆花样冲压件的有限元模拟主要步骤,以椭圆花样冲压件为研究背景,采用Autoform软件对零件进行了冲压成形过程的有限元分析,完成了相关数值模拟,预测了板料成形过程中的缺陷,根据仿真结果对工艺方案再次CAE仿真优化,证明了前期数值分析对模具设计周期及成形质量具有重要意义。     

某型号十字轴精密成形工艺分析

目的研究十字轴闭塞式单向温挤压成形的可行性。方法根据十字轴的结构特点,确定了成形方案,并利用有限元技术对成形过程进行了数值模拟分析,然后结合物理实验对工艺可行性进行了验证。结果有限元分析和试验结果相吻合,锻件成形效果较好,没有出现充不满、折叠缺陷。结论采用闭塞式单向温挤压成形工艺,获得了满足尺寸要求的十字轴锻件,成形过程稳定可靠,成形工艺可行。     

TA18管周期式冷轧过程的有限元模拟

基于DEFORM-3D有限元分析软件,对TA18钛合金管材周期式冷轧成形过程进行了数值模拟,建立了管材周期式冷轧成形弹塑性有限元模型,通过对给定条件下管材周期式冷轧成形过程的研究,获得了轧制过程金属流动情况、应力场的分布及变化规律,以及成形载荷-行程曲线,进而揭示了管材周期式冷轧成形规律,为管材周期式冷轧工艺的优化设计提供了参考。     

金属板材成形的静力隐式有限元分析与程序设计

阐述了用于板材成形过程静力隐式数值模拟的弹塑性大变形有限元方法,基于给出的方法编制了板材成形过程数值模拟软件,并对矩形板的液压胀形进行了有限元分析,计算结果与典型的实验结果吻合很好.对球形模具拉伸成形过程进行了数值模拟,给出了计算结果.     

多台阶深筒形件成形工艺设计及仿真

根据塑性成形理论分析、计算确定某电器产品的阶梯圆筒件成形工艺,并建立有限元模型,实现多道次拉深过程的仿真.最后对仿真结果进行分析和试验验证.     

板料成形数值模拟的逆算法研究

依据理想形变理论,研究开发了冲压成形过程模拟的有限元逆算法,并考虑了成形中的压边力,拉延筋等工艺条件,实现了计算机程序.通过实例的计算表明此方法能够快速分析成形工件中的变形情况,可用于设计前期阶段评价零件的成形性能.     

金属塑性成形三维有限元模拟软件3D - PFS的开发

金属塑性成形过程的三维有限元模拟仿真是否有效的关键在于快速适用的算法和有效的模拟系统.介绍了自主开发的三维刚塑性/刚粘塑性有限元模拟分析软件3D-PFs的组成及关键技术问题的处理,并给出了计算实例.结果表明:利用该系统可实现对体积和板料成形过程的模拟分析,获得成形过程中材料在模腔中的流动情况及成形规律,该系统是研究金属塑性成形的有效工具.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.