Ni取代对MnZn铁氧体磁特性的影响

采用氧化物陶瓷工艺制备MnZn铁氧体材料,研究了配方中Ni(以NiO的形式)取代Mn对MnZn铁氧体微结构及磁性能的影响。结果表明,配方中Ni取代会造成磁导率下降、损耗增大,但适宜的取代量可以提高MnZn铁氧体材料的高温饱和磁感应强度,当取代量为3.5mol%时,MnZn铁氧体100℃下的饱和磁感应强度可以高达492mT。     

TiO_2掺杂对高频MnZn功率铁氧体显微结构及磁性能的影响

采用氧化物陶瓷工艺制备2~4MHz高频开关电源用Mn Zn功率铁氧体,通过对铁氧体断面显微结构、密度和磁性能的测试,研究了TiO_2掺杂量对材料微观结构、磁导率和功率损耗的影响。结果表明,随着TiO_2掺杂量的增加,样品平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,磁导率单调减小,不同温度(25℃、100℃)下的磁心总功率损耗(激励条件3MHz,10m T、25m T)先减小后增大。说明TiO_2的适量掺杂可以改善高频Mn Zn功率铁氧体的微观结构,降低其功耗。     

La2O3-B2O3-ZnO玻璃助剂对低温烧结LiZn铁氧体旋磁特性及微观结构的影响

采用固相法制备了La_2O_3-B_2O_3-ZnO(LaBZ)玻璃掺杂改性的LiZn铁氧体。为了满足LiZn铁氧体低温共烧和叠层片式微波铁氧体器件的要求,系统研究了LaBZ玻璃对LiZn铁氧体的烧结特性、微观结构以及旋磁特性的影响。结果表明,在900℃烧结可以得到纯的尖晶石相,通过液相烧结,LaBZ玻璃显著提升了LiZn铁氧体的致密度,晶粒尺寸以及旋磁特性。与未添加助熔剂的材料相比,900℃烧结、掺杂1wt%LaBZ玻璃助熔剂饱和磁化强度Ms增高(300 kA/m,4pMs=3777 G),剩磁比增大(～0.85),矫顽力(～189 A/m)下降,同时铁磁共振线宽减小(～256 Oe, 9.5 GHz)。由于富集于晶界的LaBZ非磁性另相的影响,其Ms值比同成分低温共烧LiZn铁氧体的Ms值400k A/m(4pMs=5000 G)低了25%,而线宽值高了35%。     

V~(5+)和Bi~(3+)联合取代对LiZnTi铁氧体材料微观结构和磁性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备了以V-Bi置换Ti~(4+)的LiZnTi铁氧体,获得较低的铁磁共振线宽和矫顽力,同时还保证其具有较高的饱和磁化强度、剩磁比和烧结密度。利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析了在880℃和900℃烧结温度下,V-Bi二元取代对LiZnTi铁氧体的微观结构和电磁性能的影响。研究结果表明,其微观形貌与V-Bi取代量密切相关,适量的V-Bi取代可改善材料的微观结构,但过量的V-Bi会阻碍晶粒的生长。随着V-Bi取代量的增加,样品的饱和磁化强度B_s、剩磁比先增大后减小,铁磁共振线宽ΔH、矫顽力H_c先减小后逐渐增大。     

BaO掺杂对高频MnZn功率铁氧体性能的影响

采用氧化物陶瓷工艺制备Mn Zn铁氧体,研究了Ba O掺杂量对高频Mn Zn功率铁氧体微观结构和磁性能的影响。结果表明,少量的Ba O掺杂可以使铁氧体烧结样品的晶粒尺寸增大,密度和饱和磁感应强度提高,功耗降低,而过量加入后会出现过烧现象,功耗增加,饱和磁通密度和密度有所下降。烧结样品的起始磁导率随Ba O掺杂量的增加单调下降。在1260℃烧结温度下,当Ba O掺杂量为0.025wt%时,样品具有最低功耗值,且其他磁性能也较好。另外,与不掺杂Ba O的最佳烧结条件下铁氧体样品相比,1260℃烧结掺杂量为0.025wt%的材料起始磁导率降低,但功耗的温度特性更优。     

La、Co取代对M型锶铁氧体结构和磁性能的影响

采用陶瓷法制备了La、Co取代的M型锶铁氧体Sr1-xLaxFe12-xCoxO19(x=0.05~0.20)。用X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计和永磁材料测量仪对粉末样品的结构与磁学性能进行了观测。系统地研究了La、Co取代对M型锶铁氧体结构和磁性能的影响。实验结果表明,随着替代量x的增大,内禀矫顽力Hcj增大,而比饱和磁化强度σs和剩磁Br先增大后减小。La、Co部分取代能明显改善M型锶铁氧体的内禀磁性。     

Sr~(2+)取代对Z型六角铁氧体性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备Z型六角铁氧体(Ba1-xSrx)3Co2Fe24O41材料。研究了Sr2+取代对Z型六角铁氧体显微结构和电磁性能的影响。结果表明,Sr2+取代量x≤0.5时,随着取代量的增加,平均晶粒尺寸和烧结密度增加,1200℃烧结时,材料的起始磁导率从x=0的4.8增加到x=0.5的16.5,同时矫顽力减小;进一步增加取代量时,材料的起始磁导率下降,并且其矫顽力增大。x=0.5时,材料具备高的磁导率(1250℃烧结时为17)、较高的截止频率fr和磁品质因数Q,以及较低的矫顽力Hc。     

石榴石铁氧体的介电常数与密度、饱和磁化强度和缺铁量的关系

采用普通陶瓷工艺制备了饱和磁化强度Ms为80~148 kA/m的小线宽石榴石铁氧体材料,按GB/T9633(等同IEC60556)标准)在10.7 GHz下测量了复合石榴石铁氧体的介电常数ε′和介电损耗角正切tanδ_ε。研究了e'与材料密度、饱和磁化强度Ms和缺铁量的关系。实验表明,e'随密度的增加而增大,随Ms的下降而减小,随缺铁量增加而降低。即,介电常数随着配方中代换离子的增加、Fe含量的减少而下降,说明了e'与Fe浓度密切相关。     

添加Bi_2O_3与玻璃对NiCuZn铁氧体磁导率及其温度特性的影响

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了NiCuZn铁氧体材料,研究了添加Bi2O3、玻璃对NiCuZn铁氧体材料的磁导率及其温度稳定性和居里温度的影响。研究表明,单独添加Bi2O3时,随着Bi2O3添加量的增加,磁导率先升后降,磁导率的温度系数αμ呈负值且绝对值增大,居里温度TC几乎不变;复合添加等量Bi2O3和玻璃时,磁导率下降,随温度的变化不明显,居里温度TC随添加量增大而先升后降,但添加后的TC均高于不添加的。适量添加Bi2O3、玻璃可以改善材料的温度稳定性。     

Mg2+-Zr4+复合取代对CoFe2O4磁致伸缩材料性能的影响

为了实现钴铁氧体在低磁场下有较高的应变灵敏度,采用Mg2+-Zr4+协同取代的方式,通过固相合成法制备了CoFe2O4磁致伸缩材料,并研究了Mg2+-Zr4+复合取代对材料的微观结构、饱和磁化强度、磁致伸缩性能及应变灵敏度的影响.结果表明,在1300℃烧结的样品均为纯净的尖晶石相,并且随着Zr4+离子取代量的增加,材料的饱和磁化强度与磁晶各向异性常数呈现增大趋势,磁致伸缩系数减小,应变灵敏度先增大后减小.在Mg2+取代量为0.05、Zr4+取代量为0.02时,低磁场域下CoFe2O4磁致伸缩材料的应变灵敏度达到最高值,为4.3×10–9 A/m,可应用于磁传感器等领域.     

Phase Formation,Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Magnetic Properties of Cr2O3 Doped (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.90Zr0.10)O3 Ceramics

Abstract

In this paper, we studied the effect of Cr₂O₃ doping (0–0.8?wt%) on the phase formation, dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties of (Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.90Zr_0.10)O₃ (BCTZ) ceramics prepared by the solid state combustion method. All samples were prepared with a calcined and sintered temperature of 1050?°C and 1450?°C, respectively, for 2?h. The results of the XRD patterns showed the coexistence between the tetragonal (T) and orthorhombic (O) phases for all samples, and the tetragonal phase increased with increasing amounts of Cr₂O₃. The dielectric constant decreased when Cr₂O₃ increased. The P-E hysteresis loops of the BCTZ ceramics doped with Cr₂O₃ between 0 and 0.2?wt% showed slim and saturated loops. By increasing Cr₂O₃ doping from 0.4 to 0.8?wt%, the P-E loops were unsaturated and a leakage current was produced. The undoped BCTZ ceramics exhibited diamagnetic behavior. The sample with 0.2?wt% Cr₂O₃ showed ferromagnetic behavior. Increasing Cr₂O₃ doping from 0.4 to 0.8?wt%, caused the ceramics to exhibit paramagnetic behavior. Doping with Cr₂O₃ led to improper ratios between the tetragonal and orthorhombic phases, decreased density and increased porosity which caused a decrease in the electric properties.     

Effect of Rare Earth Europium Substitution on the Microstructure,Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of PZT Ceramics

Polycrystalline samples of Europium modified lead Zirconate titanate (Pb_{1 – x} Eu_x)(Zr_0.55Ti_0.45)_{(1 – x/4)}O₃ with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 has been prepared by mixed oxide (MO) method at sintering temperature of 1250C. The structural characterization of the samples investigated by X-ray diffraction technique exhibit tetragonal structure. PEZT (2/55/45) ceramics show single perovskite phase. Scanning electron micrographs depict uniform, densely packed structure. Dielectric, Pyroelectric and Ferroelectric studies have been performed and are reported and discussed in this paper. PEZT (2/55/45) show good current responsivity (F_i), voltage responsivity (F_v) and detectivity (F_d), in comparison to other compositions under study. Moreover its ferroelectric properties (high remanent polarization with low coercive field) make it suitable material for nonvolatile memory applications.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKEL FERRITE-BARIUM TITANATE CERAMIC COMPOSITES

ABSTRACT

Magnetoelectric composites were synthesized from piezoelectric BaTiO₃ and ferrimagnetic NiFe₂O₄. These two phases are mixed, mechanically milled and heat treated. A characterization is made by means of electronic microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The results of the magnetic, electric, ferroelectric and piezoelectrical response of two different compositions are obtained. The composites are superparamagnetic in all the measured temperature range. It was observe a magnetic change induced by a structural transition of the ferroelectric phase. The composites behaves as an acceptable mechanical resonator when the content of the ferroelectric phase is equal or greater than 60 wt.%.     

Fabrication and electrical properties of PC-PNZT-PVDF-GO composites

The objectives of this research are to fabricate and investigate new smart composites for the sensing and actuation applications in civil engineering. The fabrication and properties of cement-based piezoelectric ceramic composites are emphasized. However, cement-based piezoelectric composites are still difficult to obtain great electrical properties due to the evidence of some pores in the composites. Therefore, a novel approach to effectively improve their polarization of piezoelectric ceramic is to add a semiconductor (graphene oxide) and an insulator (polyvinylidene fluoride) phases between piezoelectric particles by the introduction of a small volume fraction of a third phase. Microstructure of the new composites was investigated using Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Dielectric permittivity and ferroelectric properties were then investigated.     

Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.97Ti0.03O3 Ferroelectric Thin Films, Deposited by Laser Ablation on TiN Bottom Electrodes

Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.97Ti_0.03O₃ (PMNT) polycrystalline thin films were deposited on Titanium Nitride electrode at different temperatures by laser ablation, using a wavelength of 248 nm. The morphology of the films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nature of the ferroelectric layer-electrode interface is studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as the effect of its characteristics in the performance of the multilayer system. The influence of the annealing temperature on the dielectric properties was studied by hysteresis and fatigue measurements.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SB-SUBSTITUTED (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS

ABSTRACT

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (K_0.5Na_0.5)(Nb_1-xSb_x)O₃+0.5 mol.%MnO₂, where x = 0 ÷ 0.10, with single phase structure and rhombohedral symmetry at room temperature were prepared by conventional ceramic technology. The optimal sintering temperatures of compositions were within 1100°–1140°C. MnO₂ functions as a sintering aid and effectively improves the densification. The samples reached density from 4.26 g/cm³ for undoped (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃ to 4.40 g/cm³ for Mn/Sb⁵⁺ co-doped ceramics. The co-effects of MnO₂ doping and Sb⁵⁺ substitution lead to significant improvement in dielectric and piezoelectric properties: ε at the T_c increased from 6000 (KNN) to 12400 (x = 0.04), d₃₃ = 92 ÷ 192 pC/N, k_p = 0.32 ÷ 0.46, k_t = 0.34 ÷ 0.48.     

平衡态与非平衡态等离子体物性参数计算模型研究

等离子体的宏观特性和内部微观过程紧密联系在一起。研究等离子体粒子组分构成以及对组分有强烈依赖关系的热力学参数、输运参数等物性参数,将为深入了解等离子体的形成机理奠定微观理论基础。笔者从元素化学计量守恒、道尔顿分压定律、质量作用定律、等离子体电荷准中性条件出发,总结了计算平衡态和非平衡态等离子体化学组分的基本方法。在此基础上,介绍了等离子体热力学参数(质量密度、焓值、熵值与比热)和输运参数的计算方法,并阐述了目前等离子体物性参数计算研究中存在的主要问题。     

国产耐热导线的机电性能研究

耐热铝合金导线是一种能够大幅度提高载流量的新型导线.在输电线路上推广应用普通耐热铝合金导线,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。近年来国产普通耐热铝合金导线的大量试验数据表明,国内部分厂家生产的普通耐热铝合金导线的主要机械和电气性能,已达到或超过进口产品的水平,为我国电网大规模地采用国产耐热导线奠定了基础。     

Study of the structure and electrical properties of PMN-PNN-PT ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary

A series of Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)-O₃-PbTiO₃ (PMN-PNN-PT) ceramics with compositions of (1–x)(0.67PMN-0.33PT)-x(0.64PNN-0.36PT) (x = 0.1–0.9) were synthesized using the columbite precursor method. The phase structures, as well as the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that all the samples possess a pure perovskite structure. It is found that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region of the PMN-PNN-PT ternary system is located near the line connecting the MPBs of the PMN-PT and PNN-PT binary systems. A high value of the maximum dielectric constant (ɛ_m = 45540, at 1 kHz), together with a high value of the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃ = 780 pC/N), were obtained for the composition x = 0.2. The results show that a partial substitution of PNN-PT for PMN-PT can lead to improved electrical properties in this ternary system.     

Effect of Gd doping on crystalline orientation,structural and electric properties of PZT thin films prepared by Sol-Gel methods

Gadolinium (Gd)-doped lead zirconium titanate (PGZT) thin films have been prepared by Sol-Gel methods to investigate the effects of Gd doping on crystalline orientation, structural and electric properties of lead zirconium titanate (PZT) films according to doping concentration from 0% to 5%. Conventional heat process and appropriate doping concentration, without introducing a single crystal seed layer, were used for obtaining (100)-oriented PGZT thin films with dense columnar structures. The maximum dielectric constant (1310.35 at 100 Hz) and the optimum ferroelectric properties were obtained for 2% Gd-doped film. 1% Gd-doped PZT film exhibited excellent piezoelectric properties.