NURBS曲面C1连续参数优化算法

为了在NURBS曲面上生成满足C1连续的近似弧长参数化等参线,将NURBS曲面4条边界的积分能量函数作为目标函数,提出一种基于分段三次重新参数化的曲面参数优化算法.首先推导出NURBS曲面4条边界的参数表达式;然后使用Hermite基函数变换NURBS曲面u和v方向参数,重新计算参数化等参线,导出变换后的4条边界的积分能量函数;最后通过数值优化算法计算出曲面的最优参数表示.在MFC和OpenGL环境下实现了多个NURBS曲面的等参线分布和纹理映射实验,结果表明该算法是有效的.     

参数曲线的最优参数化

利用有理重新参数化的自由度求解参数曲线的最优参数化问题,提出一种度量曲线的参数速度与弧长参数化接近程度的方法.利用该方法求得的最优参数化在曲线的重新参数化曲线族中,参数速度偏离单位速度的最大值达到最小.最后,通过计算实例对该方法与其他算法得到的最优参数化的参数速度进行了比较.     

有理Bézier曲线的分段M?bius重新参数化

为了得到近似弧长参数的有理Bézier曲线表示,提出基于分段M?bius参数变换的有理Bézier曲线的重新参数化方法.该方法将曲线的曲率极大值点作为分段点构造分段M?bius参数函数;在保证参数速率C1的连续条件下,用新参数速率关于单位速率偏离变量的L2范数作为度量标准函数;通过最小化该目标函数求得分段M?bius函数的具体表示.实例结果表明,通过分段M?bius变换后,有理Bézier曲线的参数具有很好的弧长参数近似效果.     

2次有理Bézier曲线的最优参数化

把Bézier曲线的最优参数化技术成功地推广到外形设计系统中更为常用的2次有理Bézier曲线场合.新方法能够事先对曲线进行重新参数化,而不需要在计算过程中对非均匀的参数速率采用动态的补偿算法.其关键是巧妙地化简需要求解的高次有理函数积分公式,使得M(o)bius参数变换公式并不是基于数值解法来得到近似解,而是简单明了地具有解析形式的精确解.M(o)bius变换能够保持有理Bézier曲线的控制顶点和形状不变,仅仅改变曲线的参数分布情况.优化后的参数速率保持C1连续.新参数速率关于单位速率的偏离量在L2范数下达到最小,即实现了最优参数化,所得到的参数最为接近弧长参数.新方法简单直接,数值实例验证了算法的正确与有效.     

2次有理Bezier曲线的最优参数化

把Bezier曲线的最优参数化技术成功地推广到外形设计系统中更为常用的2次有理Bezier曲线场合．新方法能够事先对曲线进行重新参数化,而不需要在计算过程中对非均匀的参数速率采用动态的补偿算法．其关键是巧妙地化简需要求解的高次有理函数积分公式,使得Mobius参数变换公式并不是基于数值解法来得到近似解,而是简单明了地具有解析形式的精确解．Mobius变换能够保持有理Bezier曲线的控制顶点和形状不变,仅仅改变曲线的参数分布情况．优化后的参数速率保持C1连续．新参数速率关于单位速率的偏离量在L2范数下达到最小,即实现了最优参数化,所得到的参数最为接近弧长参数．新方法简单直接,数值实例验证了算法的正确与有效．     

基于速率变化的最优参数化

该文改进衡量参数优劣的标准,利用分段线性变换,得到了一种新的最优参数化方 法。以分段节点作为自由变量,以曲线参数速率的变化率为目标函数进行优化。通过求解一个方 程组,得到了所求节点的显式解。与以往利用Möbius变换的最优参数化不同,该文得到的曲线仍 为Bézier曲线。最优参数化后的参数接近弧长参数,文末的数值实例验证了本算法的有效性。     

有理Bézier曲线的近似弦长参数化算法

只有圆弧、等轴双曲线、伯努利双纽线和帕斯卡蚶线等曲线是可弦长参数化曲线,一般形式的Bézier曲线不满足可弦长参数化条件.为了生成有理n次Bézier曲线的近似弦长参数化,提出一种基于数值优化的弦长参数优化算法.首先推导了有理2次、3次和4次Bézier曲线满足弦长参数化的条件;然后对一般形式的有理n次Bézier曲线作M?bius变换,根据可弦长参数化条件推导出曲线与标准弦长参数化的偏差公式;最后通过优化方法计算曲线的最优参数表示.多个数值实例结果表明,该算法是有效的.     

基于参数化最优的仿人机器人倒地运动控制

针对仿人机器人的倒地运动控制,用经典的参数化优化方法求得最优控制函数的一个近似解．然后, 利用参数化控制及强化技术,基于几个分段的常数去逼近最优解,再将最优控制问题转化为一系列参数优化问题． 利用该方法提出了仿人机器人倒地优化控制算法,并与遗传算法进行了比较．最后,通过仿真对算法进行了验证．     

一次复有理Bézier曲线的最优参数化

为了更加方便清晰地应用复形式的有理deCasteljau算法和细分算法,通过研究一次复有理Bézier曲线的最优参数化问题,提出2种最优参数化方法——代数方法和几何方法.代数方法借助直接的代数运算推导曲线在Mbius变换下的重新参数化,使得这种参数化在L2范数下最接近于弧长参数化;而几何方法从一次复有理Bézier曲线的内在几何性质出发,直接求得曲线在Mbius变换下的最优参数化,进而揭示曲线最优参数化的本质.另外,从应用角度给出了用一次复有理Bézier曲线插值3个给定点的公式.实验结果表明,在最优参数化后,曲线上的等参数点分布更加均匀,因而拥有更强的实用性.     

计算机辅助几何设计中的保形插值理论及应用

本文主要研究计算机辅助几何设计中的分段多项式保形插值理论与算法 ,分段参数多项式保形插值方法及GHI问题 ,参数曲线弧长参数化的混合数值算法与近似方法 ,与给定任意切线多边形相切的保形逼近样条曲线 ,Bézier曲线和 NURBS曲线的等距线生成以及一般参数曲线等距线的保形逼近曲线。本文首先系统地研究了分段多项式的保形插值 ,建立了分段多项式的保形插值理论框架 ,导出了分段三次Hermite插值保形的充要条件 ,构造了一个 C1 连续的分段三次多项式保形插值算法 ,导出了 2 k+1次或 2 k次多项式保凸的充要条件 ,给出了插入内结点的区域…     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.