球阀零件复合轧制再结晶演化行为研究

复合轧制是一种将普通环轧与三辊横轧相结合的塑性回转成形新方法,可实现球阀类零件的精密成形。以复合轧制为工艺对象,利用有限元模拟与实验验证相结合的方法,研究球阀零件成形过程中的再结晶演变规律及主要工艺参数对其影响规律。结果表明:球阀零件复合轧制过程中,动态再结晶发生的先后与应变发生的先后有关,而发生的速度则与所处位置的温度和变形速度有关;球阀零件除心部晶粒细化作用不明显外,整个内孔壁等大部分金属都发生明显晶粒细化;随着初轧温度的升高,成形件晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,平均晶粒尺寸均匀性越好;随进给速度增加,晶粒尺寸的轴向差异越明显,且晶粒尺寸会略大,平均晶粒尺寸均匀性越差。     

变形工艺参数对钛合金框锻件等温成形变形均匀性的影响

基于Deform 3D平台,对钛合金大型框锻件等温成形过程进行了数值模拟,分析研究了变形工艺参数(变形温度、变形速度及摩擦)对变形均匀性的影响。引入变形均匀性参数对变形均匀性进行分析,结果表明:变形工艺参数对TC4钛合金大型框锻件等温成形过程具有显著影响,在锻件成形过程中应适当增加变形温度、降低加载速度和保持良好的润滑条件,以期提高坯料变形的均匀性。     

支承体复杂零件温冷复合成形优化设计

温冷复合成形是一种高效、高质量、低成本的先进工艺,具有节约原材料、节省机械加工工时等优点.本文针对一种异形零件的工艺特点进行了分析,零件形状复杂,侧面精度要求较高.采用有限元模拟方法,对预成形坯料进行了优化设计,克服了常见的成形缺陷.经过工艺实验验证,支承体锻件温冷复合成形效果良好,表面粗糙度达Ra1.6～Ra3.2,尺寸精度IT11～IT12.金相显微组织显示,成形件组织均匀细小,无明显的组织缺陷,实验结果满足零件的技术要求,该工艺有着广泛的应用前景.     

机载雷达屏蔽器挤压成形数值模拟研究

机载雷达屏蔽器是某机载雷达电子系统关键零件,几何形状大而复杂,性能指标要求高、成形难度大.采用等温挤压工艺,成形温度为380℃.根据等温压缩实验所得变形镁合金应力-应变数据,应用刚塑性有限元法模拟变形镁合金等温挤压成形,探讨变形镁合金等温挤压成形过程中变形力及金属流动规律.根据模拟得到的应力场、应变场、速度场及加载变化等,预测变形时产生的缺陷.在试验生产中借鉴模拟结果,成功地挤压出镁合金零件,其力学性能,组织和尺寸精度均符合产品要求,为大型板片类零件成形技术奠定了坚实的理论和实践基础.     

2A12铝合金大曲率半径钣金件热变形-淬火复合成形回弹规律

航空航天领域存在一批种类多、批量小的大曲率半径铝合金钣金件，其常温成形时回弹大、成形精度差。为此，提出通过热变形-淬火复合成形来实现大曲率半径钣金件的回弹控制。首先，以大曲率半径带状构件为研究对象，揭示热变形-淬火复合成形回弹规律，并结合仿真进行回弹机制分析；然后，采用仿真得到的最佳工艺参数，进行复杂口框件成形。结果表明：较高温度利于抑制回弹，当温度达到490℃时，试件完全贴模；而常温成形时，试件几乎恢复平板形状。高温下切向应力显著降低，弹性变形较小，且模内淬火大幅限制了热畸变，进一步抑制了回弹。抑制2A12铝合金大曲率半径钣金件热变形-淬火复合成形回弹的最优成形温度为490℃,在该温度下成功地成形了高精度口框件，证实了热变形-淬火复合成形可用于大曲率半径铝合金钣金件的精密成形。     

弯扭复合变形整体壁板喷丸成形工艺研究

为了获得实用的机翼整体壁板喷丸成形工艺数据,建立了喷丸成形板件的弯曲半径、弦向型面波浪度和展向母线直线度与成形工艺参数之间的关系,分析了弹丸速度、喷丸条带间距、试件厚度、施加的预应力等主要工艺参数对具有弯扭复合变形的整体壁板零件喷丸成形的影响规律;针对喷丸成形的球面变形现象,介绍了几种克服这一问题的技术措施,如条带喷丸、预应力喷丸等.研究表明,改变喷丸条带的间距及毛坯板料的厚度对试件弦向型面波浪度及展向母线直线度的影响效果相反;提高弹丸速度将增加喷丸成形的曲率,但在较高转速下提高叶轮转速对增加试件的变形程度影响不大;预应力喷丸成形方式是增加壁板弦向弯曲曲率及改善展向母线直线度的有效措施.     

ZA27合金半固态模锻成形性能的研究

采用模具对ZA27合金进行半固态模锻成形,对比分析了成形工艺参数对成形零件表面质量以及内部组织的影响,探讨了半固态金属的变形机理。结果表明,成形温度在475℃左右时的制件表面平整光滑,内部组织较致密;高的变形速率更有利于组织均化;随变形温度的不同,半固态ZA27合金呈现不同的变形机理。     

温、冷精锻综合成形关键技术及其发展趋势

温锻——冷精整综合成形技术是在冷塑性成形基础上发展起来的一种塑性成形新工艺，该技术既突破了纯冷锻成形中变形材料及零件形状限制、需增加中间热处理工步以及变形抗力的局限性，又克服了热锻中因强烈氧化作用而引起的表面质量及尺寸精度问题，具有显著的优越性。文章结合汽车等速传动轴的关键零件三销套和外星轮，简要介绍了该综合成形工艺的关键技术及其发展趋势。     

热变形参数对Ti-15-3合金显微组织的影响及预测

通过等温压缩试验和金相分析研究了热变形参数对Ti-15-3(Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al）合金固溶处理后显微组织的影响，等效晶粒尺寸随变形温度升高而增大，随变形程度和变形速率增加而减小，再结晶程度随变形温度升高而减小，随变形程度和变形速率增加而增大，采用人工神经网络的方法建立了等效晶粒尺寸及再结晶晶粒体积百分数与变形程度，变形速率和变形温度间的数学模型，预测值与实测值吻合较好，表明该方法很好地预测热变形参数对Ti-15-3合金固溶处理后显微组织的影响。     

热变形参数对TA15再结晶晶粒尺寸的影响

研究了TA15钛合金β区变形时变形量、变形温度、变形速率、冷却速度等参数对再结晶晶粒尺寸Dr的影响,结果表明随变形量增加,晶粒尺寸呈线性下降,且有Dr=kDp(1-ε)的关系;1050℃温度以上随变形温度增加,晶粒尺寸增大;变形速率增加,晶粒尺寸减小;变形后水淬大于空冷的晶粒尺寸.     

Deformation and microstructure characterization during semi-solid extrusion of Al-4Cu-Mg alloy

Effects of the process parameters, including deformation temperature, punch velocity and extrusion ratio, on the deformation and microstructure characterization during the semi-solid extrusion of Al-4Cu-Mg alloy, were investigated. The experimental results show that the load decreases with an increase of deformation temperature and/or a decrease of punch velocity. When the displacement is more than 4 mm, the load decreases significantly with an increase of the deformation temperature, which is related to the high liquid fraction. The microstructure varies with the process parameters and deformation regions. It can be found that the dynamic recovery occurs during the semi-solid extrusion of Al-4Cu-Mg alloy at lower deformation temperature. Subsequently, the microstructure elongated gradually polygonizes with an increase of deformation temperature. So, the higher deformation temperature should be chosen during the semi-solid extrusion of Al-4Cu-Mg alloy because the grains polygonized and high liquid fractions are beneficial to deformation.     

冷变形及退火工艺对低温用奥氏体不锈钢组织性能的影响

采用冷轧试验、退火试验、组织观察及力学性能检测等手段,研究了冷变形及退火工艺对低温用304L奥氏体不锈钢组织性能的影响。结果表明,随着冷轧变形量的增加,冷轧态组织晶粒沿着轧制方向被拉长后被破碎,形变带的密度逐渐增加,冷轧态钢板的强度提高,伸长率下降。随着退火温度的升高,再结晶晶粒尺寸逐渐变大,1120℃以后晶粒长大趋势明显提升,退火态钢板的强度降低,伸长率提高。退火时晶粒长大表观激活能随着冷变形量的增加而提高,在低温退火时,随着冷轧变形量的增加,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,强度提高,伸长率下降,高温退火时趋势正好相反。     

Effect of inter-cycle heat treatment in accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process on planar isotropy of mechanical properties of AA1050 sheets

The accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process was applied on the strips of aluminum alloy 1050 in two processing conditions: cold ARB and warm ARB. The results of tensile tests and microhardness measurement show that the warm ARB process exhibits the lower tensile strength and microhardness, more homogeneous distribution of the microhardness, higher elongation, and especially superior planar isotropy of the tensile properties in comparison to the cold ARB, because of the intermediate heat treatment as well as the elevated temperature rolling in the warm ARB process. Furthermore, with increasing the cycles of both processes, the planar isotropy decreases progressively.     

Effect of different incidence angles on bonding performance in cold spraying

The deformation behaviour of spray particles impacting upon a substrate under the oblique impact condition in cold spraying was investigated using finite element analysis(FEA)method.The effect of incidence angle of particle on the deformation of particle and substrate was examined.It is found that the contact area between the deformed particle and substrate decreases and the crater depth in the substrate reduces with increasing the tilting angle at the same impact velocity.The normal component of impact velocity takes an important role in the impacting process and formation of bonding.     

Effect of deformation temperature on the hot compressive behavior of metal matrix composites with misaligned whiskers

A multi-inclusion cell model is used to investigate the effect of deformation temperature and whisker rotation on the hot compressive behavior of metal matrix composites with misaligned whiskers. Numerical results show that deformation temperature influences the work-hardening behavior of the matrix and the rotation behavior of the whiskers. With increasing temperature, the work hardening rate of the matrix decreases, but the whisker rotation angle increases. Both whisker rotation and the increase of deformation temperature can induce reductions in the load supported by whisker and the load transferred from matrix to whisker. Additionally, it is found that during large strain deformation at higher temperatures, the enhancing of deformation temperature can reduce the effect of whisker rotation. Meanwhile, the stress-strain behavior of the composite is rather sensitive to deformation temperature. At a relatively lower temperature （150℃）, the composite exhibits work hardening due to the matrix work hardening, but at relatively higher temperatures （300℃ and above）, the composite shows strain softening due to whisker rotation. It is also found that during hot compression at higher temperatures, the softening rate of the composite decreases with increasing temperature. The predicted stress-strain behavior of the composite is approximately in agreement with the experimental results.     

原位内生多相复合材料（NiAl—28Cr—6Mo）—TiC的高温力学行为

运用燃烧合成了工艺制备了一种多相内生金属间化合物基复合材料（ＮｉＡｌ－２８Ｃｒ－６Ｍｏ）－ＴｉＣ复合材料的高温变形行为显示流变应力随温度升高或初始应变速率减小而降低,服从幂指数规律,求出了不同含量ＴｉＣ时复合材料的应务指数ｎ和激活能Ｑ,与同类ＮｉＡｌ基复合材料进行了比较分析。     

热处理和冷变形量对定膨胀合金4J32C线膨胀系数的影响

研究了不同热处理制度和不同冷变形量对定膨胀合金4J32C线膨胀系数的影响。结果表明,较小的冷变形量不会明显改变合金的线膨胀系数。随着固溶温度的升高,合金的线膨胀系数逐渐降低,在850 ℃时达到最低值,随后继续升高固溶温度,线膨胀系数略有增大。延长稳定化处理时间或提高稳定化处理温度,可适当增加合金的线膨胀系数。     

Al-Mn-Mg-Cu-Ni合金热压缩变形的流变行为和组织

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上对Al-Mn-Mg-Cu-Ni合金进行热压缩试验,分析合金的流变应力与应变速率和变形温度之间的关系,计算高温变形时的变形激活能,并研究合金在变形过程中的显微组织。结果表明:Al-Mn-Mg-Cu-Ni合金在本实验条件下具有正的应变速率敏感性;流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大,随变形温度的升高而减小。该合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述,也可用Zener-Hollomon参数来描述,其变形激活能为209.84kJ/mol。随着热变形温度的升高和应变速率的减小,合金中的主要软化机制逐步由动态回复转变为动态再结晶。     

Investigation on Temperature Change of Cold Magnesium Alloy Strips Rolling Process with Heated Roll

Magnesium alloy strips are widely used in aerospace, automotive industry, etc., which are difficult to produce through cold forming process due to their poor deformation ability. In this article, we studied whether the rolling process with heated roll could be used to roll cold magnesium alloy strips. Thermal-mechanical finite element simulation of the rolling process, using heated roll and cold strips to produce the magnesium alloy strips, was carried out. Influences of roll temperature, rolling velocity, rolling reduction ratio, and initial strip thickness on the thermal field and the mean temperature of magnesium alloy strips were analyzed. Both the heated area in strips in rolling deformation zone and the mean temperature of strips at exit of rolling deformation zone increase with increasing the roll temperature and/or rolling reduction ratio, and/or with decreasing the rolling velocity and/or initial strip thickness. Finally, a formula was developed to predict the mean temperature of strips under different rolling conditions, which also could be used to calculate the critical value of parameters in rolling process.     

钛合金激光焊接接头超塑变形组织演变表征

研究了超塑性变形过程中TC4钛合金激光焊接接头各区域显微组织演变规律,并对相关参数进行表征。结果表明,随着超塑性变形的进行,接头内针状马氏体组织发生α′→α+β相变,同时针状组织长大为片层,接头各区域显微组织逐渐均匀化,促进超塑性变形的进行;随着变形的进行,等轴化率逐渐升高;随着变形温度的升高或初始应变速率的降低等轴化率逐渐上升,促进焊缝超塑性变形的进行。提出采用平均晶粒尺寸来表征热影响区组织的转变程度。随着变形的进行,平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,随变形温度的升高或初始应变速率的降低平均晶粒尺寸减小,这有利于接头组织的均匀化。