弹性元件橡胶材料的压缩生热性能研究

研究了生胶种类、炭黑类型、炭黑用量和硫化体系对橡胶压缩生热温升及力学性能的影响。结果表明,采用单一天然橡胶或异戊橡胶作弹性元件橡胶材料,其压缩生热最低;采用炭黑N330作补强剂,橡胶材料具有一定的抗破坏能力;当炭黑N330用量为25份左右时,橡胶材料具有最优力学性能和耐疲劳性能;以NR和25份炭黑N330为配方主体,采用专用硫化体系制备的弹性元件具有优良的耐疲劳性能。     

甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯接枝天然橡胶对白炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料性能的影响

研究甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）接枝天然橡胶（NR）（NR-g-HEMA）接枝率和用量对白炭黑/NR复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：与未加入NR-g-HEMA的白炭黑/NR复合材料相比,加入NR-g-HEMA的白炭黑/NR复合材料的硫化速度、交联程度、邵尔A型硬度、定伸应力和撕裂强度增大,压缩疲劳生热明显降低;当NR-g-HEMA接枝率为10%和用量为10份时,白炭黑/NR复合材料的拉伸强度最大,压缩疲劳生热最低;NR-g-HEMA与NR相容性较好,加入NR-gHEMA的白炭黑/NR复合材料中白炭黑在橡胶相中分散更均匀,两者具有更强的界面结合效果。     

交联密度对天然橡胶动态性能的影响

研究了交联密度对分别用炭黑和白炭黑补强的天然橡胶硫化胶动态力学性能、压缩屈挠性能的影响。结果表明：提高交联密度可以降低炭黑或白炭黑补强的天然橡胶硫化胶的损耗因子,减少压缩屈挠生热,提高橡胶材料的耐疲劳性能。     

炭黑对天然橡胶性能的影响

通过RPA对材料的加工性能进行表征、压缩疲劳机对材料的压缩疲劳进行表征以及利用阿克隆磨耗对材料的耐磨性进行表征。利用RPA得到胶料的Payne效应增强,加工性能降低;炭黑的加入可以提高天然橡胶的耐磨性能,当炭黑填充量在40份左右的时候有较好的耐磨性能。除此之外,对于天然橡胶的压缩疲劳性能,加入炭黑后天然橡胶生热量明显增多,在炭黑含量10~30份之间时,生热量变化不大,特别是当炭黑含量大于30份时,生热量迅速增加。     

白炭黑对跑气保用轮胎胎侧支撑胶性能的影响

研究白炭黑等量替代部分炭黑对跑气保用轮胎胎侧支撑胶性能的影响。结果表明,用5～20份自炭黑等量替代炭黑（炭黑和白炭黑总用量65份）,胶料的加工性能和硫化特性变化不大;硫化胶的拉伸强度、耐屈挠龟裂性能、撕裂强度提高,压缩生热降低,可以更好地满足跑气保用轮胎对胎侧支撑胶的要求。     

充环烷油溶聚丁苯橡胶的实用配合研究

研究补强体系、生胶并用和硫化体系对充环烷油的溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)胶料性能的影响。结果表明:对纯炭黑补强体系,炭黑用量为75份的胶料的综合性能较好,两种炭黑并用体系的胶料的综合性能提高,但耐磨性能稍差,对炭黑/白炭黑并用补强体系,白炭黑用量为20份的胶料的综合性能优异,继续增大白炭黑用量,填料分散性和胶料性能下降;SSBR并用20份顺丁橡胶,胶料的压缩生热和滚动阻力降低,耐磨性能提高,耐老化性能优异,其他性能满足使用要求;在硫化体系中硫黄用量对SSBR胶料性能的影响最大,硫黄的适宜用量为1.4～1.6份。     

环氧化天然橡胶对白炭黑/天然橡胶硫化胶物理性能和减震性能的影响

研究不同环氧度环氧化天然橡胶(ENR)对白炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)硫化胶物理性能、减震性能及压缩疲劳生热性能的影响。结果表明:ENR可以提高白炭黑/NR硫化胶的物理性能和实用温度范围内的阻尼性能,降低硫化胶的压缩疲劳生热,其中环氧度为40%的ENR效果最优。     

丁腈橡胶对白炭黑炭黑补强溶聚丁苯橡胶性能的影响

研究丁腈橡胶（NBR）用量对白炭黑-炭黑补强溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）性能的影响。结果表明：随着NBR用量的增大,白炭黑-炭黑补强SSBR混炼胶的t10和t90缩短,硫化速度提高;硫化胶的拉伸强度略有下降,压缩生热和压缩永久变形增大;NBR用量为4份时可以同时优化胶料的抗湿滑性能、滚动阻力和耐磨性能。     

炭黑和白炭黑对全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶生热和动态力学性能的影响

在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中加入不同用量炭黑N234,并将白炭黑与炭黑并用,考察炭黑用量和添加白炭黑对胶料性能的影响。结果表明:随着炭黑N234用量增大,不添加白炭黑的胶料Fmax和门尼粘度增大,门尼焦烧时间呈缩短趋势;密度、硬度和定伸应力提高,拉伸强度和回弹值降低,撕裂强度先提高后降低,耐磨性能提高,生热增大,炭黑用量不宜过大;在填料用量相当的条件下,添加白炭黑的胶料门尼粘度较小,门尼焦烧时间较短,撕裂强度和耐磨性能显著提高,生热明显降低;随着炭黑用量增大,不添加白炭黑的胶料弹性模量和损耗因子总体提高;总体来看,添加45份炭黑N234和10份白炭黑的胎面胶滞后损失和生热较低。     

短纤维增强天然橡胶/溶聚丁苯橡胶共混物的压缩疲劳生热性能

研究了芳纶短纤维填充工艺和填充量及硫化体系对天然橡胶/溶聚丁苯橡胶共混物动态力学性能与压缩疲劳生热的影响。结果表明,用2～3份(质量,下同)芳纶短纤维替代10份炭黑填充共混物,不仅保持了共混物的邵尔A硬度、弹性模量及撕裂强度等,而且改善了其滞后损失与压缩疲劳生热性能;增加单硫键含量与适当提高交联密度可进一步降低共混物的滞后损失与动态生热,但撕裂强度有所下降。     

氯化丁基橡胶/聚丙烯共混改性的研究

采用橡胶与塑料共混改性的方法，制备了具有较好加工工艺性能的氯化丁基橡胶／聚丙烯共混物。研究了橡塑共混比、共混温度以及硫化时间对共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明：氯化丁基橡胶／聚丙烯共混配比为90／10，炭黑30份，氧化锌5份，氧化镁2份，促进剂DM2份，促进剂TMTD1份，硬脂酸1份时，可获得综合性能良好的共混胶料。     

EPDM橡胶耐热性能的研究

通过对三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）硫化体系、补强体系、填充体系和增塑体系的选择,研究了其对EPDM胶料耐热性能的影响。结果表明,采用有效硫化体系（EV）时,添加不超过40份的丁基橡胶（IIR）和20份的白炭黑能有效改善胶料在高温下的力学性能。     

超耐磨炭黑Vulcan 9HX1在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用

研究超耐磨炭黑Vulcan 9HX1在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明,胎面胶采用90份天然橡胶、10份顺丁橡胶的生胶体系,选用超耐磨炭黑Vulcan 9HX1替代炭黑N134进行补强,硫化胶老化前后耐磨性能有较大幅度提高,定伸应力和撕裂强度均有所提高,压缩疲劳温升和损耗因子明显降低,成品轮胎室内试验行驶里程长。经过40 d的路试,轮胎平均单位磨耗行驶里程达到26000 km·mm^(-1),轮胎使用寿命延长。     

Preparation and water-absorbent properties of a water-swellable rubber

A water-swellable rubber was prepared by blending polychloroprene (CR) with crosslinked sodium polyacrylate (CSP), precipitated silica, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and vulcanizing agents. The preparation process was described and the effect of composition of the water-swellable rubber on its water-absorbent properties such as degree of swelling, swelling rate, and weight loss ratio of CSP was discussed and the optimum composition range was identified: CSP, 25–75 phr; precipitated silica, 10–50 phr; and PEO, 5–30 phr. The reinforcing filler (precipitated silica) and the water-soluble polymer (PEO) were found to improve the water-absorbent properties of water-swellable rubber. The morphology of CSP and the silica in the rubber was studied by scanning electron microscopy, which showed that they were well dispersed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1219–1225, 1998     

高强度硅橡胶混炼胶的制备

用用Ｚ浆捏合机，将端乙烯基硅橡胶，气相白炭黑及羟基硅氧烷进行混炼，制备了高强度硅橡胶混炼胶。在白炭黑用量为４０份时，混炼胶硫化胶的拉伸强度为１１．７ＭＰａ，撕裂强度为４９．７ｋＮ／ｍ。９份端乙烯基硅橡胶与１份普通甲基乙烯基硅橡胶并用制备的混炼胶，其撕裂强度高达５７．７ｋＮ／ｍ，实验所制得的混炼胶与国外同类产品物理机械性能相当。     

抗撕型硅橡胶的配方优化

采用正交试验法考察过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、白发黑、羟基硅油、二苯基硅二醇4个因子对硅橡胶撕裂强度的影响,分析了其差异及产生的原因,并找出了优化的硅橡胶的抗撕裂配方为:100份110-2生胶,0.6份DCP,25份白炭黑,4份羟基硅油,0.6份二苯基硅二醇.此配方得到的硅橡胶混炼胶的撕裂强度大于13 kN/m.     

淀粉改性及其在胶料中的应用

将淀粉进行表面醚化和酯化疏水改性,研究改性淀粉在胶料中的应用。结果表明:改性淀粉替代部分炭黑对胶料物理性能有一定影响,采用酯醚淀粉替代部分炭黑的胶料物理性能明显优于采用轻质碳酸钙替代部分炭黑的胶料,与白炭黑替代部分炭黑的胶料物理性能接近;改性淀粉与偶联剂KH550和KH570配合的胶料物理性能较好;轮胎胎面胶中用8~10份改性淀粉替代部分炭黑可以明显提高胶料的耐屈挠性能并降低生热。     

Effect of filler–filler interaction on rheological behaviour of natural rubber compounds filled with both carbon black and silica

Rubber compounds are reinforced with fillers such as carbon black and silica. In general, filled rubber compounds show smooth rheological behaviour in measurement of Mooney viscosity or Mooney scorch time. Variation in rheological behaviour was studied in terms of the filler composition using natural rubber compounds filled with both carbon black and silica (carbon black/silica = 60/20,40/40, and 20/60 phr). The compound filled with carbon black/silica of 60/20 phr showed normal rheological behaviour. However, the compounds filled with carbon black/silica of 40/40 and 20/60 phr showed abnormal rheological behaviour, in which the viscosity increased suddenly and then decreased at a certain point during the measurement. The abnormal behaviour was explained by the strong filler–filler interaction of silica. Moreover, the abnormal rheological behaviour was displayed more clearly as the storage time of compounds is increased. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Electrical and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer–chloroprene rubber blend loaded with white and black fillers

The permittivity ε′ and dielectric loss ε" for different ratios of an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)–chloroprene rubber (CR) blend ranging from 0 to 100 phr were measured over a frequency range from 400 Hz to 60 kHz. The measurements were carried out at room temperature (25°C). The values of ε′ and ε" were found to decrease with increasing EPDM content in the EPDM–CR blend. The sample which possesses the best mechanical and electrical properties was a 50 EPDM–50 CR blend. This sample was chosen to be loaded with 40 phr of some white fillers, namely, calcium carbonate, silica, silitan z, and talc. From the electrical and mechanical investigations, it was found that the use of silica and calcium carbonate in these blends could improve these properties. The electrical and mechanical properties were also studied for the investigated blends loaded with both silica and calcium carbonate with different contents (10–40 phr). It was found that 20 phr is the most promising concentration which can possess better properties. The same trend was obtained by the addition of 20 phr SRF black in addition to the white fillers to the above blends. On the other hand, from the compatibility study between both investigated rubber, it is found that both types are incompatible, in which some improvement may occur by the addition of PVC. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 2061–2068, 1998