快速检测方法在食品微生物安全中的作用与优势

快速检测方法是指可在短时间内完成样品检测的方法。目前有关食品微生物检测的快速检测方法包括PCR技术、ATP生物发光法、基因芯片技术、质谱法等。本文基于快速检测方法的发展历程及其在食品微生物检测中的实际应用,深入分析其在食品微生物安全中的作用与优势,以期为食品行业健康发展提供理论支持。     

浅析快速检测方法在食品微生物检测中的应用

随着我国居民生活水平的不断提升,人们愈发重视摄入食物的安全卫生状况,对于食品微生物提出了更高的检测要求,而快速检测方法成为更直接有效的食品微生物检测方法,并得以广泛发展应用。本文分析了广泛应用于食品微生物的快速检测技术,并指出了食品微生物快速检测技术的局限性,以为食品微生物快速检测方法的发展完善提供参考依据。     

近红外光谱技术在食品微生物检测中的应用

食品微生物受环境和时间的影响等因素产生变化,幵且检测周期长,导致关系食品质量安全的微生物检测数据不能相对真实地反映食品微生物情况。近些年,近红外检测技术因其高效、无损、快捷特点,在食品微生物检测领域越来越受到重视。文章综述了近红外检测技术的原理、特点和检测过程,以及食品中产毒真菌、食源性致病菌和食品腐败菌等检测斱面的应用,以期为近红外检测技术在食品微生物检测中的应用研究提供参考,促迚食品微生物检测采用近红外迚行在线快速检测。     

食品病原微生物快速检测技术及研究进展

食品病原微生物传统检验方法费时、敏感度低、特异性差;随社会和食品工业快速发展,研究和建立食品病原微生物快速检测方法越来越受到世界各国重视。该文介绍免疫学技术、分子生物学技术、代谢技术、仪器分析技术、生物传感器技术等检测微生物基本原理,及这些技术在食品病原微生物检测中研究进展。     

海鲜食品中致病性微生物检测方法概述

为了适应海鲜食品中致病性微生物安全检测的需求,文章介绍了海鲜食品中病原微生物的检测方法与技术,包括传统培养基法、酶联免疫学技术、分子生物学技术,并概述这些检测技术对食品微生物安全的应用。     

快速检测技术在食品微生物检测中的运用

现如今,为了满足快速检测的要求,各种快速检测技术的应用越来越广泛,在食品微生物含量检测方面发挥了重要作用。一、快速检测技术的类别分析1.在线快速检测技术。在线快速检测技术需要用到信息化技术设备,从而实现实时性的检测。该技术可对食品安全数据进行合理控制,便于及时了解到食品的安全问题,是一种从根本上保障食品安全的快速检测方法。     

PCR技术在猪肉中微生物检测的应用分析

为了保障肉类食品的安全、避免食源性疾病爆发,需要一种快速、准确而又灵敏的检测肉类中微生物的手段,聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术应运而生,食品检测实现了从传统培养方法向分子水平的过渡[1]。该技术还具备高敏感性、特异性以及快速简便的特点,这些优势使其成为检测肉类食物中微生物的重要手段。本文主要分析了PCR检测技术的基本原理,总结了PCR技术检测猪肉中4[2]种食源性微生物的应用现状,为猪肉中微生物快速检测技术提供了相关的资料。     

食品快速检测技术的应用概况

随着近几年食品安全事件的频发,食品质量安全引起社会的广泛关注和重视,而常规的食品检测技术具有耗时长、成本高等不足,不能满足对食品的日常监管,在此情况下,食品快速检测技术得到快速的发展和应用。本文对食品快速检测技术的含义、特点和应用发展进行介绍,系统整理了食品快速检测技术在添加剂检测、农兽药残留检测、微生物检测、重金属检测和生物毒素检测项目中的应用现状。进一步介绍了食品快速检测技术在各项检测中应用所常用的检测方法和产品,如化学法、生物法和仪器法等,对不同快速检测方法的作用机理、使用特点和应用现状进行详细的综述。同时本文指出食品快速检测技术存在的不足,展望了快速检测技术的发展前景,为食品快速检测技术的研究发展和实际应用提供了参考。     

食品微生物新型快速筛查技术研究进展

随着食品微生物安全事件的频发,食品微生物的检测方法要求具有快速、灵敏且准确的特点。目前,市场上的食品微生物快速筛查产品多种多样,但产品性能参差不齐。本文从食品微生物检测的前处理、增菌、富集、分离和检测等环节对国内外已被广泛认可且商业化的微生物快速筛查技术进行综述,为相关研究和产品的开发提供全面的信息。最后对国内外新型微生物快速筛查技术进行展望。     

定量PCR技术在食源性致病微生物检测中的应用

食源性致病微生物是影响食品质量和安全的主要因素之一,建立和完善食品中致病微生物快速定量检测技术具有重要的现实意义。定量PCR能快速、敏感、特异而准确定量,深入有效地利用该技术,必将有力促进食源性致病微生物快速检测工作的发展。     

Methodology for detection and typing of foodborne microorganisms.

Over the past decade many improvements have been seen in both conventional and modern methods for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in foods. Modifications and automation of conventional methods in food microbiology include sample preparation, plating techniques, counting and identification test kits. ATP bioluminescence techniques are increasingly used for measuring the efficiency of cleaning surfaces and utensils. Cell counting methods, including flow cytometry and the direct epifluorescent filter technique are suitable techniques for rapid detection of microorganisms, especially in fluids. Automated systems based on impedimetry are able to screen high numbers of samples based on total bacterial counts within 1 day. Immunoassays in a wide range of formats make rapid detection of many pathogens possible. Recently, there have been important developments in the use of nucleic acid-based assays for the detection and subtyping of foodborne pathogens. The sensitivity of these methods has been significantly increased by the use of the polymerase chain reaction and other amplification techniques. Alternative and rapid methods must meet several requirements concerning accuracy, validation, speed, automation, sample matrix, etc. Both conventional and rapid methods are used within hazard analysis critical control point programs. Further improvements especially in immunoassays and genetic methods can be expected, including the use of biosensors and DNA chip technology.     

食品微生物快速检测技术研究进展

快速检测食品中微生物的方法在食品卫生检验方面起着越来越重要的作用,最终将达到预防肠道传染病和食物中毒的发生的目的。快速方法包括电化学法、细菌直接计数法、免疫学技术、PCR法、全自动微生物分析系统等。对上述各种快速检测食品中微生物的方法作一综述。     

Culture‐Independent Rapid Detection Methods for Bacterial Pathogens and Toxins in Food Matrices

Rapid detection of bacterial pathogens and toxins in foods is necessary to provide real‐time results to mitigate foodborne illness outbreaks. Cultural enrichment methods, although the most widely used, are time‐consuming and therefore inadequate for rapid pathogen detection from food samples. The development of novel “rapid” detection methods has decreased detection time dramatically. This review presents an overview of detection methods for various foodborne pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli, and bacterial toxins in food matrices, with emphasis on those methods which do not require cultural enrichment. Discussed methods include nucleic acid‐, immunological‐, and biosensor‐based techniques. A summary of each type of detection method is given, including referenced methods from the literature. Since these discussed methods do not require cultural enrichment, there is a higher probability of interference from the food matrices. Therefore, the review also discusses the potential interference of food components on detection methods and addresses preprocessing strategies to overcome matrix associated inhibition and to concentrate low quantities of pathogens and toxins in food. Development of rapid and sensitive detection technologies advances and ensures public health safety and security.     

食品中菊酯类农药残留检测技术研究进展

菊酯类农药是模拟天然除虫菊酯化学结构发展而来的仿生农用药物,使用量仅次于有机磷农药。菊酯类农药对人体免疫、生殖、神经系统等多方面存在毒副作用,我国对其在食品中的残留限量作了严格的规定。随着剧毒、高毒农药禁用令的实施,加强食品中菊酯类农药残留监控显得更为重要,建立高效、快捷、准确测定食品中菊酯类农药残留的方法迫在眉睫。目前,QuEChERS法、微萃取、石墨烯技术等样品前处理技术,气相色谱-质谱联用、液相色谱-质谱联用等仪器分析技术及免疫标记法、化学分析快速检测法等快检技术成为了研究热点。本文主要综述了食品中菊酯类农药残留检测检测方法的前处理、色谱-质谱分析及快速检测技术应用的研究进展,并在此基础上结合食品安全监测的工作实际,对食品中菊酯类农药残留检测技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Contemporary nucleic acid-based molecular techniques for detection,identification, and characterization of Bifidobacterium

Bifidobacteria are one of the most important bacterial groups found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Medical and food industry researchers have focused on bifidobacteria because of their health-promoting properties. Researchers have historically relied on classic phenotypic approaches (culture and biochemical tests) for detection and identification of bifidobacteria. Those approaches still have values for the identification and detection of some bifidobacterial species, but they are often labor-intensive and time-consuming and can be problematic in differentiating closely related species. Rapid, accurate, and reliable methods for detection, identification, and characterization of bifidobacteria in a mixed bacterial population have become a major challenge. The advent of nucleic acid-based molecular techniques has significantly advanced isolation and detection of bifidobacteria. Diverse nucleic acid-based molecular techniques have been employed, including hybridization, target amplification, and fingerprinting. Certain techniques enable the detection, characterization, and identification at genus-, species-, and strains-levels, whereas others allow typing of species or strains of bifidobacteria. In this review, an overview of methodological principle, technique complexity, and application of various nucleic acid-based molecular techniques for detection, identification, and characterization of bifidobacteria is presented. Advantages and limitations of each technique are discussed, and significant findings based on particular techniques are also highlighted.     

Conventional and emerging detection techniques for pathogenic bacteria in food science: A review

BackgroundContinuous transformation and development of new detection tools for bacteria has converted the laborious scientific work into smart apparatus in recent years. The journey had begun with the culture-based plate enumeration, and now it has evolved into several culture-independent techniques. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is on the top of the list that is now a routinely used biological approach to detect bacterial cells. Instrumental techniques are also helpful in this regard, as they are more sensitive for detection of various microbes.Scope and approachIn this review, we described new trends and their practical application in the fields of detection microbiology and food technology. This study provides a brief overview of conventional and modern detection techniques which includes nucleic-acid sequence based techniques to non-destructive imaging techniques.Key findings and conclusionsBesides the availability of antibiotics and clinical treatments, bacterial infections significantly increase the mortality rate. It is necessary to detect apparent infectious agents beforehand. Therefore, the detection methods for microorganisms should be more rapid, smart and reliable in response to the need. Conventional detection techniques are slow and time-consuming but more accurate and reliable than the modern detection techniques. By combing the mentioned techniques, scientists can achieve better results.     

METHODS FOR THE DETECTION OF FOODBORNE LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN THE U.S.

A review of methods for the isolation and detection of Listeria monocytogenes used in the United States is presented. Methods reviewed include the cold enrichment technique, the FDA Method, the USDA Method, and two rapid techniques, the Listeria-Tek enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the Gene-Trak Listeria Assay. Comparisons of new rapid biochemical test kits, the MICRO-ID LISTERIA System, API Listeria, and the Rosco system vs. conventional tests of identification are also reviewed. Contemporary isolation methods detect all Listeria species so confirmation of L. monocytogenes is still necessary after isolation. The USDA method is the most practical of the cultural methods due to the rapid reporting of negative samples. Rapid methods (Listeria-Tek and the Gene-Trak Listeria Assay) are faster and more objective than cultural procedures but still depend on sample enrichment for detection of Listeria. These rapid techniques are best utilized when screening large numbers of food samples. All the rapid biochemical test kits reviewed provide fast reliable identification of Listeria species when compared to classical techniques. However, the API Listeria system identifies the test strains without a complementary CAMP test. Refinements are still needed in both cultural and rapid methods. Future Listeria methodology must emphasize molecular techniques not requiring enrichment which would be both rapid and specific for L. monocytogenes.     

食源性致病菌免疫及分子检测新技术研究进展

食源性致病菌是指以食物为载体,导致人类发生疾病的细菌。传统的以培养为基础的检测方法操作复杂、特异性不强、所需时间长,而近年来发展起来的免疫学方法及分子生物学方法广泛应用于食源性致病菌的检测,克服了传统检测方法的不足。目前常用的免疫学方法主要包括ELISA、免疫磁性分离技术和免疫胶体金技术等;分子生物学方法则主要有依赖PCR的DNA指纹图谱技术、多重PCR、基因芯片、定量PCR和实时荧光定量PCR等技术。     

Application of Mid-infrared and Raman Spectroscopy to the Study of Bacteria

Infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy provide complementary technologies for rapid and precise detection of microorganisms and are emerging methods in food analysis. It is possible to use either of these techniques to differentiate and quantify microorganisms in relatively simple matrices such as liquid media and simple solutions with determinations taking less than an hour. Vibrational spectroscopy, unlike other techniques used in microbiology, is a relatively simple method for studying structural changes occurring within a microbial cell following environmental stress and applications of food processing treatments. Vibrational spectroscopy provides a wide range of biochemical properties about bacteria in a single spectrum, most importantly characteristics of the cell membrane. These techniques are especially useful for studying properties of bacterial biofilms on contact surfaces, the presence and viability of bacterial vegetative cells and spores, the type and degree of bacterial injury, and assessment of antibiotic susceptibility. Future trends in food analysis will involve combining vibrational spectroscopy with microscopy, mass spectroscopy, or DNA-based methods to comprehensively study bacterial stress. Further advances in selectivity, sensitivity, and improved chemometric methods, along with reduction in the cost of instrumentation, may lead to the development of field-ready and real-time analytical systems.     

奶油中人工色素检测方法概述

随着奶油在饼干、糕点、冷饮、果冻等食品中的普遍使用,对奶油中人工色素的检测已经成为一个亟需解决的问题。本文简单介绍了奶油的分类、可食用人工色素的分类及我国目前的使用标准,阐述了其对人们造成的危害,并对人工色素常规检测方法和快速检测方法进行了介绍。人工色素常规分析方法主要有高效液相色谱法、薄层层析法、极谱法、分光光度法和毛细管电泳法,快速检测法有免疫学检测法、超高效液相色谱法、合成色素快速检测仪法、快速检测试剂盒、拉曼光谱和近红外光谱分析技术等。同时对今后奶油中人工色素的快速检测技术进行了展望。