图像脉冲噪声的自适应长距离相关迭代滤波法

提出一种基于局部极值噪声检测的自适应长距离相关迭代滤波算法.该算法首先采用局部极值法进行噪声检测,然后在一定的搜寻范围内计算信号点与噪声点的背景均方误差值,并以该背景均方误差值为基础采用自适应加权法进行滤波,最后将这一滤波过程进行迭代计算.实验结果表明,该算法滤波效果优于传统的滤波算法,它可以有效地去除图像中的脉冲噪声,并较好地保持图像细节信息,在噪声密度很大的情况下也表现出很好的滤波性能.     

一种新的基于自适应神经网络模糊推理系统的图像滤波器

提出了一种新的基于自适应神经网络模糊推理系统的去除噪声算法。该算法是一个结合了中值滤波、维纳滤波和自适应神经网络模糊推理系统的综合滤波器。噪声点通过算法被准确地估计出来,自适应神经网络模糊推理系统的参数通过训练得到,训练可以通过简单的计算机合成图像来进行。将含噪声的图像、中值滤波后的图像和维纳滤波后的图像作为系统的三个输入,通过一个固定阈值来判断像素点是否为噪声点作为系统的输出,如果判断是噪声点,则通过中值滤波来进行去噪处理,如果判断是非噪声点,则灰度值保持不变。算法的特点就是在能够保持好线条、边缘、细节和纹理的同时,很好地去除噪声点。仿真实验表明,算法可以对噪声污染的图像进行有效的重建,同时不会扭曲图像中的有用信息。     

基于局部空间像素特征的自适应加权滤波算法

提出了一种新的基于局部空间像素特征的椒盐噪声自适应加权滤波算法。该算法首先对含噪图像逐点进行噪声检测,把所有像素分为含噪像素点和信号像素点;然后采用自适应加权滤波方法,对检测到的噪声点进行滤波,滤波权重由确定的数学公式来确定,自适应于滤波窗内临近像素的局部特征。实验结果表明,该算法不仅可以有效地除去椒盐噪声,又可以较好地保持图像边缘细节,尤其在噪声密度较大时,效果明显优于传统的中值滤波算法。     

基于噪点检测的中值滤波图像去噪方法

图像去噪是图像处理中一个非常重要的环节。针对传统中值滤波方法存在的不足,提出一种新的基于噪点检测的自适应中值滤波图像去噪方法。该方法通过自适应地改变滤波窗口的大小,局部检测并判断极值点是否为噪声点,有效地降低了非噪声点误判为噪声点的概率。实验结果表明,该方法能够更有效地去除图像中的噪声,并较好地保持图像细节和边缘。     

激光扫描数据脉冲噪声自适应检测和滤除

针对现有脉冲噪声滤波算法在处理大斜率区域和断线型激光扫描数据中存在的多判和漏判问题,提出了一种有效检测脉冲噪声的方法.该方法依据局部脉冲噪声的分布,利用自适应弦偏差法进行噪声点检测;对噪声点自适应地选择滤波窗口中的非脉冲噪声数据进行中值滤波,以实现噪声滤除.实例结果表明：采用文中方法使得噪声检测更为准确,在滤除噪声的同时有效地保持了数据的细节.     

一种基于脉冲噪声检测的图像均值滤波方法

论文提出了一种针对图像脉冲噪声进行检测,并根据检测结果利用均值滤波方法滤除脉冲噪声的方法。该方法首先采用串行方式,对含有脉冲噪声的图像进行逐点检测,其中判断噪声点的阈值可自适应地调整。采用窗口长度自适应调整和选择性取样的均值滤波方法,对检测到的噪声点进行逐点滤除。该方法既可有效地滤除脉冲噪声,又可以较好地保持图像边缘细节,对图像的后续处理有很好的价值。论文最后给出了实验滤波结果,说明了该方法的有效性。     

一种新的图像椒盐噪声的非线性滤波算法

为了在滤除椒盐噪声的同时能很好地保持图像的边缘细节,提出了一种新颖的图像椒盐噪声非线性滤波算法.利用局部统计信息,先将图像像素点分为信号点和可能的噪声点两类.然后将可能的噪声点进一步细分为边缘点、噪声点和信号点:利用方向信息、均方差来判断是否为边缘点,利用自适应阈值的方法来判断是否为噪声点,并且对边缘点和噪声点采取不同的方法进行滤波.经过仿真实验并与其它滤波算法进行比较表明,文中的算法具有更好的效果.     

去除椒盐噪声的自适应开关加权均值滤波

提出一种去除椒盐噪声的自适应开关加权均值滤波算法。该算法采用一种新的噪声检测方法将图像中的像素分为信号点和噪声点,对检测出的噪声点采用加权均值滤波进行处理,而信号点保持其灰度值不变直接输出。实验结果表明,该算法能在有效去除椒盐噪声的同时保护图像细节,较传统中值滤波及其改算法有更好的滤波性能。     

椒盐噪声图像的非局部平均滤波算法

针对非局部平均(NLM)方法对椒盐噪声图像滤波效果较差的问题,通过引入噪声检测结果扩展NLM方法去除图像中椒盐噪声。在噪声检测阶段,利用图像的两个极值Lmin和Lmax把图像像素点分为非噪声点和噪声点。在滤波阶段,非噪声点的灰度值保持不变。对于噪声点,如果以该噪声点为中心的自适应滤波窗口内均为噪声点,则认为该噪声点位于图像自身灰度值为Lmin或Lmax的区域内,使用两个极值的统计结果进行恢复。否则,采用改进的NLM方法滤除噪声。构造联合噪声检测模板避免噪声点对相似权计算的干扰,噪声点的恢复值由非噪声点的灰度值加权平均得到。此外,采用迭代滤波策略对高密度噪声图像噪声点进行恢复。相关去噪实验结果证实了算法去噪的有效性,不足之处是算法的时间复杂度较高。     

一种去除椒盐噪声的自适应开关中值滤波算法

为了滤除图像中高密度椒盐噪声同时又能较好地保护图像细节,提出一种自适应开关中值滤波算法。使用max-min算子作为噪声检测器,利用自适应邻域窗口对图像进行从左到右的逐行扫描,同时对位于窗口中心的像素点进行噪声判别,然后将检测出的噪声点采用中值滤波进行滤除,而信号点保持不变直接输出。实验仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.