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油泥是油田普遍存在的主要废弃物污染问题,早在1998年国家环保总局就将油泥砂列为危险废物(废物类别HW08),要求含油泥砂等废弃物必须进行无害化处理。本文简述了水洗处理技术、生物处理技术和热解气化焚烧工艺,并对不同处理技术的优缺点进行了比较。应结合中国国情及成本等方面综合考虑选用不同的处理方法,实现油泥的减量化、无害化、资源化、清洁化处理。 相似文献
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为更好地回收含油污泥(即油泥)中可用资源,国内外油泥资源化处理方法不断更新和突破,并在室内实验研究阶段取得较好的处理效果。本文从油泥的高温热处理法、常温法、低温冻融法三个方面综述了热解、微波、萃取等油泥资源化处理方法的研究进展、优缺点以及适用条件等。热解法油品回收率达95.8%,具有油泥处置彻底、油品回收质量高的特点。电动力学法处理油泥,油泥减量化达44.3%,采用浮选法,油泥减量化达95%,两种方法均具有操作简单、易实施、适合大批量处理的特点,工程化应用潜力较大。油泥来源不同,性质各异,采用单一技术难以实现大量油泥的资源化和无害化目标。多项技术联合,如热解法联合浮选法或电动力学法处理大规模油泥能提高油品回收率和质量,降低残油率和处理成本,将成为油泥资源化处理技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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油田含油固体废物处理方法初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对国内外油泥(砂)处理技术的对比分析,结合对胜利油田油泥(砂)治理技术的研究,找出一条适应国情的油田油泥(砂)处理工艺技术。 相似文献
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石油开采过程中产生的油泥砂已列入《国家危险废物名录》,随着环保法规体系的健全和执法管理的日趋严格,对油泥砂的指标要求势必会越来越严格。GB4284-1984《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》中规定土壤中矿物油的最高容许含量为3000mg/kg,大港油田现有的油泥砂处理装置设计处理指标为泥砂含油率小于2%,与国家日益严格的土壤污染防治要求存在差距。研究合适的微生物菌种及其处理工艺技术来分解处理含油泥砂中残余的原油,以提高含油泥砂处理质量;确保达到环保指标。 相似文献
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介绍了燃煤泥循环流化床锅炉在输送系统、喷枪结构、给料方式及分离器等方面的技术特点;论述了燃烧煤泥时对流化床温度、返料器温度、料层差压、炉膛差压和锅炉负荷等参数的控制与调整;应用此锅炉燃用煤泥或矸石,可降低生产成本,获得较好的经济效益。 相似文献
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湿污泥颗粒的流化床干燥实验及模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在鼓泡流化床内以河砂为干燥介质,对单颗粒湿污泥的流态化干燥特性进行实验研究,得到了流化床温度、污泥初始水分、污泥粒径及流化速度对干燥速率的影响规律:流化床温度及污泥粒径对干燥速率的影响都呈指数规律;污泥的水分越大,干燥速率越大;在鼓泡流化床流化速度达到2倍临界流化速度以上时,充分流化,流化速度再增大(2~5倍临界流化速度)对干燥速率没有明显影响. 在基本的扩散传质理论的基础上,利用实验数据回归得到湿污泥在鼓泡流化床内干燥的半经验模型,为流化床污泥干燥器的设计提供了基础数据和依据. 相似文献
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Production of a combustible for coal-fired power stations based on sewage sludge . This article describes various means of achieving more extensive mechanical dewatering of sewage sludges. The heat content of the sludge solids can become available for combustion processes. The sludge filter cakes obtained by the “CarboSed” process can be disposed of with minimum energy consumption by fluidized bed combustion or be used after appropriate work-up as a combustible in coal-fired power stations with full exploitation of their heat content for generation of steam and electric current. Partial substitution of primary energy sources such as coal and fuel oil by sludge filter cake is feasible in all cases. The processes thus make a contribution to the saving of energy resources and the disposal of sludge. 相似文献
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固体燃料流化床富氧燃烧的研究动态与进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
二氧化碳捕集与利用是全球学术界和工业界关注的热点,也是燃烧科学技术领域的前沿和难点。固体燃料的流化床富氧燃烧耦合了流化床燃烧和富氧燃烧的诸多优点,是最具工业应用前景的燃烧中碳捕集技术之一。为更全面把握该领域最新动态,对近年来流化床富氧燃烧的研究进行了系统梳理,在简述富氧燃烧基本技术原理基础上,分析了国内外的研究动态,总结了主要研究进展,包括单一燃料流化床富氧燃烧、混合燃料流化床富氧燃烧、加压流化床富氧燃烧和新型流化床富氧燃烧,并探讨了固体燃料流化床富氧燃烧技术将来发展趋势和研究重点。 相似文献
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I Nyoman Suprapta Winaya Tadaaki Shimizu Yousuke Nonaka Kazuaki Yamagiwa 《Fuel》2008,87(10-11):1974-1981
Porous bed materials capture volatile matter as carbon deposits during fluidized bed combustion of high-volatile fuels such as biomass and wastes. Carbon deposits burn in a dense bed mixed with bed materials; thereby enhancing horizontal dispersion of carbonaceous materials. Commercial scaling-up requires a model that simultaneously assesses carbon deposit combustion and horizontal solid dispersion. This study measured the carbon deposit combustion rate using a fluidized bed. A one-dimensional model of carbon deposit combustion in a fluidized bed is based on the carbon deposit burning rate. A two-dimensional model incorporates reactions and solid dispersion to predict the horizontal concentration profile. Experiments using a bubbling fluidized bed validated that model. 相似文献
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The drying characteristics of water treatment process (WTP) sludge were investigated with a fluidized bed. The equilibrium
moisture ratio of WTP sludge increased with relative humidity and decreased with temperature of drying air. However, equilibrium
moisture ratio of WTP sludge was more sensitively dependent on relative humidity than temperature of drying air. When the
sludge was dried in a batch fluidized bed, the drying rate of sludge decreased as the moisture ratio of sludge in the bed
decreased. The periods of constant drying rates were apparently not observed on the drying rate curves. In addition, the maximum
drying rates were increased with bed temperature and superficial air velocity. As the fluidized bed was operated continuously,
the degree of drying of WTP sludge increased with bed temperature but was weakly dependent on superficial air velocity. However,
the drying efficiency was decreased with bed temperature and relatively insensitive to superficial air velocity and increased
with feed rate of sludge. 相似文献
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Emissions of NOx and N2O during co-combustion of dried sewage sludge with coal in a circulating fluidized bed combustor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Emissions of NOx and N2O were measured during mono-combustion of dried sewage sludge and co-combustion with coal in a bench-scale circulating fluidized bed combustor (CFBC). The results were compared with previous results obtained using a bubbling fluidized bed combustor (BFBC). The increase in NOx with sludge ash accumulation in the combustor was less for the CFBC than the BFBC, partly because of the higher attrition rate of sludge ash in CFBC resulting from the higher gas velocity. The influence of sludge ash on the formation of NOx in CFBC was less than that in BFBC during sludge combustion. The effects of fuel type on NOx and N2O emissions were also evaluated. 相似文献
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