广州珠江黄埔大桥南汊悬索桥主缆紧缆施工

珠江黄埔大桥南汊桥为单跨加劲钢箱梁悬索桥。在南汊悬索桥施工中,利用紧缆机进行主缆的紧缆作业。本文介绍南汊悬索桥主缆紧缆施工。     

冰柜门玻璃用低辐射薄膜的防结露性能的理论和实验研究

通过模拟二个无限大平行平面之间的热交换方式，深入研究了可视冰柜单层门玻璃内外表面之间的热交换过程。分析了低辐射薄膜防止可视冰柜门玻璃表面结露的性能并进行了实验研究。提出了低辐射薄膜的置向原则和其发射率的适宜取值范围。     

地下水电站交通进风洞热湿环境测试与分析

通过实地测试,在三个不同通风发热工况下,分析了某抽水蓄能电站交通进风洞对进入空气的热湿处理能力状况,重点叙述了交通进风洞的全热交换量和除湿量,以及洞深的不同对其热湿处理能力的影响,同时简单分析了实测过程中存在的冷热平衡问题及结露问题.     

冰柜门玻璃用低辐射薄膜的防结露性能的理论和实验研究

通过模拟二个无限大平行平面之间的热交换方式 ,深入研究了可视冰柜单层门玻璃内外表面之间的热交换过程。分析了低辐射薄膜防止可视冰柜门玻璃表面结露的性能并进行了实验研究。提出了低辐射薄膜的置向原则和其发射率的适宜取值范围。     

某抽水蓄能电站地下厂房热湿环境测试分析

水电站地下厂房的通风空调系统对维持厂房内的热湿环境,使其满足人员工作及设备运行的要求有着重要作用。为了对某抽水蓄能电站地下厂房的热湿环境进行评估,对主厂房各层空间空气的热湿参数及通风量进行测试,并结合室外天气状况得出室外天气对厂房内的热湿环境的影响。在测试过程中发现,其蜗壳层设备及管路表面结露问题严重。根据对结露现象的分析,提出相应的解决方案,为水电站地下厂房的热湿环境的调控提供参考。     

大跨径悬索桥拆除工程模拟计算分析

悬索桥能够充分利用材料的强度,用料省、自重轻,跨越能力最大。近些年来,悬索桥在大跨径桥梁建设中取得快速发展。某钢桁架悬索桥技术状况较差,承载能力不满足规范要求,需对原桥进行拆除。该文通过有限元分析模拟悬索桥不同拆除工况,根据不同工况计算结果确定悬索桥实际拆除方案,保证拆除过程中结构整体稳定性及安全性,并明确悬索桥实际拆除方案中具体施工流程及施工要点,为类似工程提供参考。     

子模型法在超大跨悬索桥钢箱梁应力分析中的应用

以国内第一大跨桥梁——润扬长江公路大桥南汊悬索桥为背景,在对大桥整体结构进行非线性有限元分析的基础上,运用子模型法计算了该桥扁平钢箱梁各关键部位的应力。与实测数据的对比表明:子模型法计算结果准确可靠,能够较真实的反映大桥钢箱梁在各种工况下的受力状态,是分析超大跨悬索桥钢箱梁应力水平及其分布的有效方法。最后分析了该桥钢箱梁的受力特点,为同类流线形扁平钢箱梁的应力分析和设计提供参考依据。     

三跨连续加劲梁悬索桥无索区梁段线形调整方法研究

三跨连续加劲梁悬索桥在桥塔处梁段刚接及体系转换时如何保证无索区的线形平顺过渡、顺利进行体系转换、确保成桥线形与内力一致是一个难度较高的技术课题。本文讨论了国内外无索区梁段进行体系转换的方法,并以一座超千米的三跨连续钢箱梁悬索桥为例,实现其无索区加劲梁体系转换、线形调整和施工控制。     

大跨度三跨连续悬索桥钢箱梁总体吊装方案研究

三跨连续悬索桥不同于单跨悬索桥,两边跨设置吊杆,在主塔区域设置无吊索梁段实现中边跨加劲梁之间的连续过渡,并且一般在边跨过渡墩处设置限位转置,实现该区域主缆和加劲梁的协调变形,是其主要结构特点;因此该类型悬索桥加劲梁的吊装方法及关键施工工序也相对较为复杂。以南京长江第四大桥为工程背景,针对大跨度三跨连续悬索桥的结构特点,通过对两种不同的钢箱梁吊装顺序进行比选分析,确定合理的钢箱梁吊装方案。     

超大跨径碳纤维主缆悬索桥施工阶段颤振稳定性研究

为明确超大跨径碳纤维主缆悬索桥施工过程中的颤振稳定性,采用状态空间法,对主跨3500m碳纤维主缆悬索桥10个施工阶段的颤振稳定性进行了分析,分别讨论了加劲梁刚度折减、阻尼比等参数对施工阶段颤振稳定性的影响,并研究了交叉索对改善悬索桥施工阶段颤振稳定性的作用,研究表明,同时布置竖向交叉索和水平交叉索可大幅提高超大跨径悬索桥施工阶段的颤振稳定性。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。