The theoretical study of O<Subscript>2</Subscript> adsorption on NiTi (100) and (110) surfaces

The discrete variational Xa method (DV-Xα) within the framework of density-functional theory was applied to study O₂ molecule adsorption on NiTi (100) and (110) surfaces. The bond order and charge distribution between Ti and O atoms for two possible O₂ molecule adsorption ways on NiTi (100) and (110) surfaces were calculated. It is found that the adsorption way for O−O bond perpendicular to NiTi surface is preferred to that for O−O bond parallel to NiTi surface, and O₂ molecule only interacted with one nearest surface titanium atom during the adsorption process. Mulliken population and the partial density of state analysis show that the interaction between Ti and O atoms is mainly donated by O 2p and Ti 4s electrons on NiTi(110) surface, O 2p and Ti 4s, 4p electrons on NiTi(100) surface, respectively. The total density of state analysis shows that NiTi(100) surface is more favorable for O₂ molecule adsorption. HUA Ying-jie: Born in 1966. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50081001)     

Oxygen adsorption on pyrite （100） surface by density functional theory

Pyrite (FeS2) bulk and (100) surface properties and the oxygen adsorption on the surface were studiedby using density functional theory methods. The results show that in the formation of FeS2 (100) surface, there exists a process of electron transfer from Fe dangling bond to S dangling bond. In this situation, surface Fe and S atoms have more ionic properties. Both Fe^2 and S^2- have high electrochemistry reduction activity, which is the base for oxygen adsorption. From the viewpoint of adsorption energy, the parallel form oxygen adsorption is in preference The result also shows that the state of oxygen absorbed on FeS2 surface acts as peroxides rather than O2.     

CO在Cu表面吸附过程中电荷转移的理论研究

应用密度泛函理论,对CO分子在Cu(100)表面的吸附过程进行了研究。计算了CO分子以垂直方式在3种不同吸附位置吸附时CO分子和Cu(100)表面原子的电荷分布。结果表明:与碳原子最近邻的铜原子表面上发生明显电荷转移,而其他表面原子及体相原子的电子结构没有变化。Mulliken集居数及局域态密度分析表明,吸附过程中CO分子与表面Cu原子相互作用主要是CO分子内杂化轨道和3d,4s,4p(Cu)的贡献。     

H_2分子在Ni（100）、（110）、（111）单晶表面吸附研究

本文来用改进模型势方法，计算了Ｈ２分子在Ｎｉ（１０Ｏ）、（１１０）、（１１１）单晶表面解离吸附的反应途径与位能面．通过对比研究，讨论了氢分子在镍三种单晶表面解离吸附的反应途径和位能面的一般规律与趋势．     

氢原子在Cu，Pt（100），（111），（110）面上的吸附扩散势能面结构的研究

构成了Ｈ－ＣＵ，Ｈ－Ｐｔ相互作用的５参数Ｍｏｒｓｅ势，用经典的对势方法研究了氢原子在Ｃｕ（１００），ＣＵ（１１１），ＣＵ（１１０），Ｐｔ（１００），Ｐｔ（１１１），Ｐｔ（１１０）面上的吸附和扩散，得到了氢原子在６个表面上的吸附位、吸附几何、键能及本征振动等数据和实验结果附和得很好。同时系统地研究了６个体系的吸附扩散势能面结构。此外，还重点研究了氢原子在ＣＵ（１００）、Ｐｔ（１１１）两体系的吸附态之间经过渡态扩散的活化能，扩散系数及隧道效应对扩散系数的影响，这些工作都基本上达到预期的结果，证实了所采用的方法的可行性。     

Insights into the adsorption performance and mechanism of hydrated Ca ion on talc (0 0 1) basal surface from DFT calculation

The utilization of Ca ion as assistant depressant of CMC on talc has been widely reported. Thus, the study on the adsorption mechanism of Ca ion on talc surface is very crucial for understanding the performance of CMC on talc depression. In this paper, mechanism insights into hydrated Ca ion adsorption on talc (0 0 1) basal surface were creatively provided using DFT calculation. [Ca(H₂O)₆]²⁺ and [Ca(OH)(H₂O)₃]⁺ were determined as the effective hydrate components for Ca ion adsorption, and the top O site was the most favorable position for their adsorptions on talc surface. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanisms of [Ca(H₂O)₆]²⁺ and [Ca(OH)(H₂O)₃]⁺ on talc surface were found to be not the Ca—O chemical bond, but the hydrogen bonding formed by the H atom of the H₂O ligand and the surface O atom. H₂O acted like a bridge to connect them to the talc surface. Moreover, the hydrogen bonding was formed due to the hybridization of H 1s orbital with the O 2s, O 2p orbitals. Simultaneously, electrons transferred between the H atom and the surface O atom. This work provides theoretical insights into the Ca ion adsorption on talc surface, which can help deeply understand the talc flotation using CMC as depression.     

H2在Pt（111）表面吸附及电催化的密度泛函理论

Pt是燃料电池的重要电催化剂,为研究H2在Pt表面的吸附和氧化行为,采用密度泛函理论,通过构造表面层模型方法,对H2分子在金属态和电极Pt(111)表面Top、Bridge和Hollow三种吸附位进行研究。 H2在Pt(111)表面Hollow位吸附能最大,Top位吸附能最小;电极表面吸附能远大于金属态表面吸附能。吸附过程中H—H键被拉长,吸附后H—H键振动频率比自由分子振动频率减少,产生明显红移。电吸附过程中电子由H2分子向电极Pt(111)表面进行了不同程度的转移。计算结果与实验结果十分相近,从理论上解释了H2在电极Pt表面的电吸附和电催化机理。     

氢分子在Li(100)面的吸附旋转势能面研究

利用推广的LEPS势分析H_2在Li(100)面的吸附、迁移、旋转等行为.给出的这种作用是短程相互作用,它因吸附位、吸附方式不同而不同,使H_2分别呈稳定分子吸附态、亚稳分子吸附态.这些吸附态通过H_2沿表面迁移而相互转换;通过H_2绕质心的转动而进行立式与卧式吸附方式之间的转变.并指出亚稳分子吸附态具有变型小、属弱化学吸附,迁移性强,不易解离成原子等特性.     

尖晶石型LiMn_2O_4电子结构的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论（Density Functional Theory,DFT）的第一性原理（First Principles）,应用超软赝势平面波法（Ultra-soft Pseudo-potential Plane-Wave,UPPW）对能带结构、总态密度和分态密度进行了研究,并计算了LiMn2O4晶体的原胞总能量.计算结果表明,锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4晶体是一种直接能隙半导体,是Li离子的良导体,较适合做锂离子电池的正极材料.在LiMn2O4晶体中,由于Mn的3d电子轨道和O的2p电子轨道重叠较强,Mn-O键相互作用较强,为主要成键区域,在充放电循环过程中具有较好的稳定性,Li较容易失去电子以离子状态存在.     

钙钛矿电子结构的密度泛函理论研究

应用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算方法,优化了K2Ti2O5的稳定几何构型,并计算了此钙钛矿体系的能带结构和态密度等基态物理性质.结果表明,K2Ti2O5属于间接绝缘体氧化物,其理论带隙宽度为2.6 eV.Ti原子处于氧原子的中心,其d轨道分裂为能量较高的eg和能量较低的t2g轨道,各轨道都靠近费米能级变为占据或半占据状态...     

Preparation and Microstructural Analysis of Ti2AlC/TiAl（Nb） Composite

By using the spark plasma sintering process, Ti2AlC/TiAlcomposite with the addition of Niobium （Nb） was prepared in-situ and the microstructure of Ti2AlC/TiAl （Nb） composite was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high-resolution electron microscopy （HREM）. The results indicate that new-formed Ti2AIC particles disperse with a high degree of uniformity and well combine with the matrix. In the area of phase interface the d-spaces of Ti2AlC （100） and TiAI （110） were measured as 0.2648 nm and 0.2991 nm,respectively. The atom arrangement beside the interface was only partly corresponding, existing in semicoherent state. On the contrary, in the area of grain interface the d-spaces of TiAl （100） and TiAl （110） were measured as 0.2462 nm and 0.2631 nm,respectively and the atom arrangement beside the interface was almost corresponding, existing in coherent state.     

Water-oxygen interaction on marcasite (1 0 1) surface: DFT calculation

Marcasite (FeS₂) is widespread in nature, its oxidation plays a vital role in acid mine drainage, mineral resource recovery, and photoelectric material applications. In this paper, the oxidation mechanism of marcasite has been studied for the first time using density functional theory (DFT). It is found that, unlike the oxidation of pyrite, the oxidation of marcasite merely occurs at surface S atoms. Under the coexistence of water and oxygen, S atoms around surface Fe atoms are replaced by O atoms. The surface S sites are initially oxidized to form S==O bonds, and continue to adsorb oxygen to gradually generate SO₃^2?, SO₄^2? species, and eventually FeSO₄. In this process, H₂O molecules participate in neither oxidation nor dissociation, and they are adsorbed on surface Fe sites in the form of molecules, i.e., all O atoms in SO₄^2? derive from oxygen rather than water molecules.     

碱金属改性g-C3N4及其对氮气吸附影响的理论研究

研究了碱金属改性对g-C₃N₄光催化剂的影响,利用密度泛函理论从几何和电子结构的角度阐述了不同碱金属改性对提高光催化活性的微观机理。结果表明,Li、Na、K、Rb原子随着核外电子层数的增加,碱金属和g-C₃N₄的结合能越来越弱,对g-C₃N₄结构的影响也越来越弱。电子结构分析可知,Li、Na、K原子对g-C₃N₄具有活化作用,Rb原子对g-C₃N₄表面有钝化作用。同时模拟了N₂分子在M-g-C₃N₄ (M=Li、Na、K、Rb)上的吸附,理解N₂分子与碱金属之间的作用机理,通过分析N₂吸附的吸附能、结构参数和电子特性,发现Li、Na原子对N₂吸附的影响更大,N₂的N—N键长伸长,K和Rb原子对N₂基本没有作用。碱金属改性g-C₃N₄比纯g-C₃N₄更有利于N₂分子的吸附,但是随着碱金属原子半径的增加,吸附能力越来越弱,电子的转移也越来越少,即活化N₂分子的能力按照Li、Na、K、Rb的顺序降低。     

Orbital Calculations of Kaolinite Surface:on Substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the Tetrahedral Sites

The surface properties of kaolinite were determined using density functional theory discrete variational method(DFT-DVM)and Gaussian 03 program.A SiO_4 tetrahedral hexagonal ring with two Al octahedra was chosen to model the kaolinite crystal.The total density of states of the kaolinite cluster are located near the Fermi level at both sides of the Fermi level.Both the highest occupied molecular orbit (HOMO)and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit(LUMO)of kaolinite indicate that kaolinite system can not only readily interact with electron-acceptor species,but also readily interact with electron-donor species on the edge surface and the gibbsite layer surface,and thus,shows amphoteric behavior.Substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the tetrahedral site linking the vacant Al~(3 ) octahedra does not increase the surface chemical reactivity of kaolinite,while substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the tetrahedral site with the apex O linking Al~(3 ) octahedra increase the surface chemical reactivity of the siloxane surface of kaolinite,especially acting as electron donors. Additionally,substitution of Al~(3 ) for Si~(4 ) in the tetrahedral site results in the re-balance of charges,leading to the increase of negative charge of the coordinated O atoms of the AlO_4 tetrahedra,and therefore favoring the formation of ionic bonds between cations and the surface O atoms in the basal plane.     

2鄄吡啶甲醛缩对氨基苯甲酸席夫碱Co（II）、Cd（II）配合物的合成及晶体结构

为了探究席夫碱及其配合物的空间结构,利用常温静置法合成了2-吡啶甲醛缩对氨基苯甲酸席夫碱的配合物1([CoL2(H2O)2]·5H2O)和配合物2({[Cd(L)(HL)(H2O)]·ClO4·H2O}n(HL=2-吡啶甲醛缩对氨基苯甲酸;L=2-吡啶甲醛缩对氨基苯甲酸根)),并用X射线单晶衍射方法测得了二者的晶体结构.结果显示：配合物1为单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c;配合物2为正交晶系,空间群是Pbca.结构分析表明：配合物1中的Co2+离子采用六配位模式,分别与2个配体分子中的4个N原子和2个水分子中的2个O原子配位形成单核分子;配合物2为一维链状结构,每个Cd2+离子采用七配位模式,分别与HL中的2个N原子,L中的2个N原子、2个O原子以及水中的O原子进行配位.     

First-principles study on adsorption of Au atom on hydroxylated SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> surface

Adsorption of single gold (Au) atom at three kinds of sites (hollow, bridge and top) on the hydroxylated β-cristobalite SiO2 (1 1 1) surface was studied using the first-principles calculations with general gradient approximation (GGA). The results of adsorption energies and density of electronic states (DOS) suggest that the hollow and bridge sites have the basically equal capability of binding Au, while the ability of the Top site is weaker. Two new energy levels emerge after the adsorption at all sites; i...     

A density functional theory study of the geometric and electronic structure of MgF2 (110) surface

Ab initio density functional theory (DFT) was employed to study geometric and electronic structure of MgF2 (110) surface. Three different clean surface models have been considered. The results show that the surface terminated with one-layer F has the smallest relaxation and the lowest surface energy, which indicates this model is the most energetically favorable structure of MgF2(110) surface. Furthermore, the electronic properties are also discussed from the point of density of states and charge density. Analysis of electronic structure shows that the band gap of the surface is significantly narrowed with respect to the bulk. The electrons of the surface exhibit strong locality and larger effective mass.     

Study on hydrogen atom adsorption and diffusion properties on Mg (0001) surface

Hydrogen atom adsorption and diffusion properties on clean and vacancy defective Mg (0001) surface have been investigated systematically by using a first-principles calculations method based on the density functional theory. The calculation results of adsorption energy and diffusion energy barrier show that hydrogen atom is apt to be adsorbed at fcc and hcp sites on clean Mg (0001) surface, and fcc adsorption site is found to be more preferred. The highest diffusion energy barrier is estimated as 0.6784 eV for the diffusion of hydrogen from clean Mg (0001) surface into its bulk. Surface effects, which affect hydrogen diffusion obviously, results in a slow diffusion velocity of hydrogen from surface to subsurface, while a fast one from subsurface to bulk, indicating the range of surface effects is only restricted within two topmost layers of Mg (0001) surface. Comparatively, Mg atom vacancy on Mg (0001) surface not only enhances the chemisorption interaction between H and Mg surface, but also benefits H atom diffusion in Mg bulk with relatively more diffusion paths compared with that of clean surface. Besides, hydrogen atom is found to occupy mostly the tetrahedral interstice when it diffuses into the Mg bulk. Further analysis of the density of states (DOS) shows that the system for hydrogen atom to be adsorbed at fcc site has a lower DOS value (N (E _F)) at Fermi level and more bonding electrons at the energy range blow the Fermi level of H/Mg (0001) system as compared with that at hcp site. On the other hand, the enhanced chemisorption interaction between hydrogen and defective surface should be attributed to the fact that the electronic structures of Mg (0001) surface are modified by an Mg vacancy, and the bonding electrons of the topmost layer Mg atoms are transferred from low energy range to Fermi level, which is in favor of improving the surface activity of Mg (0001) surface. Supported by the PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 200805321032), the Science and Technology Program Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2008GK3083) and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and the Innovative Research Team in university (Grant No. 531105050037)     

Microstructure and dielectric properties of BaTi4O9(f)/0.64 BaTi4O9+0.36 BaPr2Ti4O12 composites

The microstructure, dielectric properties and chemical state of Ti element on BaTi4O9 (f)/(0. 64 BaTi4O9-0. 36BaPr2Ti4O12 ) composites sample surface were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) ,Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), LCR meter method and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The results show that the system is composed of BaTi4O9 and BaPr2Ti4O12 two phases. Pr ions are distributed inthe BaTi4O9 grains and the segregation of Pr ions was observed on the grain boundaries of BaTi4O9/BaTi4O9.The content of Ti3 + and Ti2+ decrease in the BPT system composites due to the addition of BaTi4O9 fibers,which improved the dielectric properties of the system. BPT10 sample with 10 % BaTi4O9 fibers, has the bestdielectric properties in the system, its εr =64,tan δ = 1×10-4(at 1 MHz) , and it may be a potential candi-date for microwave dielectric ceramics.     

Electronic Structure and Chemical Bond of Titanium Diboride

1　IntroductionTitaniumdiboride (TiB2 )hasattractedmuchatten tionrecentlybecauseofitshighmeltingpoint,hardnessandchemicalstability .Ontheotherhand ,TiB2 hasfineelectricalproperty ,soitmaybeusedinwide rangingfields[1-3 ] .Aswellknown ,thepropertiesofmaterialsaredecidedbythestructures .Obviously ,thespecialpropertyofTiB2 isrelatedtoitsstructuresofcrystalandelectrons .However ,thereislessstudyonstructuresofvalenceelec tronsandtypeofchemicalbondofTiB2 .JiJia mingetal[4] studiedtheelectronicst…