麦草半化学浆的生产实践

我公司20万t/aA级高强瓦楞原纸项目配套制浆工程,引进了西班牙SAICA公司麦草半化学浆二手制浆生产线.项目于2002年10月份竣工投产,用50%半化学麦草浆和50%#11美废AOC C浆,440/550型纸机抄造高强度瓦楞原纸,产品质量符合国家A级标准.该项目之所以有较好的经济效益,主要得益于半化学麦草浆的成功自制,因为半化学浆的得率高,硬度大,可提高瓦楞原纸的环压强度.现就麦草半化学浆的生产实践介绍如下.     

麦草无硫半化学制浆工艺

无硫半化学制浆是防止空气污染的一种制浆方法。国外采用混合阔叶木无硫半化学制浆，抄造瓦楞原纸，强度性质与相同用碱量和液比的中性亚硫酸盐法半化学浆基本相似。考虑到无流半化学制浆的优点，同时近年来国内Na人O3的生产能力增长较快，因此，研究Na2CO3和NaOH混合液制取麦草无硫半化学浆有一定的现实意义。1试验方法1．1原料：取自山东禹城县贮存半年以上麦草，切成20～40mm长草片。12蒸煮：在151电热蒸煮锅中进行。13打浆：先在Valley打浆机中疏解浆料，磨浆在高浓实验磨浆机上进行。1．4抄纸及检测：在纸页成型器上抄造纸页，测定…     

麦草微爆破法制高得率浆

麦草微爆破法制高得率浆卢章文（陕西省商洛地区造纸厂７２６０００）关键词麦草微爆破法高得率浆纸浆喷射器草类原料制浆工艺，如低温快速蒸煮法，很多生产厂应用，但用碱量高达１３％左右，浆渣量大，成纸强度很难提高，抄纸车速受限。笔者经过多年实践，研究了一种新的...     

黑色套袋纸的分步染色法

水果套袋纸的内纸,一般都采用深黑色纸。因为黑色完全吸收光线,使水果表面能均匀地吸热,防止局部早熟而引起的色泽不一。采用传统的浆内染色方法,因抄造过程还要进行大量脱水,染料的上染率较低,无法染制深色纸页。为此,我们对纸浆采用分步染色的方法,取得了较好效果。一、工艺流程麦草切草蒸煮（球内染色）提取洗筛打浆（浆内染色）抄纸复卷入库二、球内染色工艺我们公司主要以麦草为原料,采用碱法蒸煮制浆。在高温碱性条件下,对纤维素纤维能够取得较好染色效果的只有硫化染料。染色时先用硫化钠还原成隐色体而溶…     

制浆筛选和尾浆处理

广西贵糖（集团）股份有限公司目前拥有两条制浆生产线,日产绝干浆240吨左右,主要原料为甘蔗渣,两条生产线由于建厂时间和当时社会要求不同,其生产设备、工艺流程和工艺指标也有所不同,新的制浆筛选生产设备为外流式压力筛,旧的筛选生产设备则主国CX型筛浆机,在较大的生产能力下,筛选工序产出的尾浆量约占15%左右,尾浆专供纸机抄造瓦楞纸,虽然这样,大量的尾浆产生,抄纸机无法处理完尾浆,多余的尾浆大部分排街,造成原材料的浪费和增加制浆成本,贵糖在新筛选系统的基础上,开始了对旧筛选系统的改造,同时对尾浆的处理也是改造中的一个重点项目,下面就贵糖制浆筛选和尾浆处理方案作比较。     

农业废弃物抄造瓦楞原纸研究

以麦草和棉秆等农业废弃物为原料,经弱碱处理后,采用机械法制浆,用于抄造瓦楞原纸。麦草经2％的碱处理后,成纸环压指数可达到A级瓦楞原纸的要求,成纸裂断长可达到C级瓦楞原纸的要求。棉秆不进行碱处理,直接进行机械制浆,成纸环压指数可达到A级瓦楞原纸的要求。     

混合竹材漂白硫酸盐浆湿纸幅强度和粘附特性

提出用纸浆湿纸幅累积破裂功与粘附功的比值S／A来评价纸浆的抄造性能。在某一打浆度范围内，混合竹材漂白硫酸盐浆具有较好的抄造性能。适当保留细小组分有助于提高混合竹材漂白硫酸盐浆的抄造性能，利用湿纸幅S／A值与干度的变化曲线可以看出．湿纸幅干度对混合竹材漂白硫酸盐浆抄造性能的影响。     

玉米秸秆化机浆的制备及其配抄性能的研究

本课题以玉米秸秆为原料,以KOH预浸渍和磨浆制备玉米秸秆化学机械浆(化机浆),探讨了预浸渍废液的理化性质,研究了不同打浆转数下,玉米秸秆化机浆与慈竹半化学浆配抄比例对手抄片物理性能的影响、二者配抄时的协同效应及制备瓦楞原纸的可行性。结果表明,玉米秸秆化机浆预浸渍废液可制备有机肥和复混肥料;与慈竹半化学浆相比,玉米秸秆化机浆具有较高的松厚度,较低的抗张指数、耐破指数和环压指数。在玉米秸秆化机浆中配抄一定比例的慈竹半化学浆有助于提高手抄片强度指标,但对松厚度有负面影响。当混合浆中玉米秸秆化机浆配抄比例为50%时,纤维间的结合强度存在一定协同效应,混合浆手抄片抗张指数的实际值略高于其抗张指数的加权贡献值。在玉米秸秆化机浆(游离度380 mL)中配抄20%慈竹半化学浆,所得手抄片各项指标均能达到瓦楞芯(原)纸规定的合格品技术指标。     

桉树纸浆及其利用

就桉树纤维和纸浆和特点来看，桉树浆适用于抄造各种档次的纸，尤其和其它浆种配用时更能发挥它的优势，但利用时应解决好配用比例等问题。制主得率浆是最适合桉树的制浆方法，也将会是桉树浆制浆的发展方向。     

蓝桉碱性过氧化氢化机浆的研制

当化机浆与化学浆配抄纸页时，成纸白度主要受化机浆白度的影响，化机浆占的比例越大影响也越大，提高化机浆白度可大大提高配抄纸浆的白度，因此生产高白度化机浆具有十分重要的意义。碱性过氧化氢化机浆（APMP）是90年代发展起来的一种新型制浆方法，该法具有得率高、白度高、纸张强度高、制浆污染少、流程简单、投资省等特点，是当今最有竞争力的制浆方法之一。本文拟就我国南方大面积种植的速生树种──蓝桉为原料进行APMP制浆的研究，以提出合理的工艺条件来。1实验1．1原料6年生蓝桉（E．globulus）经削片后晒干储存。原料的化学…     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Analysis on Economic Indicators from 62 Enterprises in Printing Machinery Industry in Q1 2014

Operation of printing machine industry was still unsatisfactory in the first quarter of 2014.Analysis on operation of printing machine industry.a.Market demand was not strong;sales of product undulated and declined.According to the statistics,the total industrial output value fell by 19.28% in the first quarter of 2014 than the average quarter value in 2013; industrial added value decreased by 4.16%; sales revenue dropped by 22.83%. h. Business operation of enterprises was in poor condition. c. R＆D of new products is an important transformation guarantee for enterprises. d. To take self explore new ways upgrading advantages,and explore new ways.