行波管高频参量对二次谐波的影响分析

慢波系统的高频参量决定了行波管的功率和增益特性,谐波与基波频率下的高频参量的关系决定了行波管输出的谐波与基波的比例。本文在较宽的参数变化范围内对比分析相速、耦合阻抗在频带内的不同分布状态对低端的二次谐波比的影响。计算结果表明,相速之比为0.96 附近对应为二次谐波比最大的状态,此变化规律与频率的相关度较小;而谐波与基波的耦合阻抗之比越大,二次谐波比越大。对于宽带行波管,在翼片加载的高频结构中调整翼片内径就可以使输出的二次谐波比产生较大变化。     

一种有限厚度翼片加载螺旋线色散特性及耦合阻抗研究

翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构广泛应用于大功率、宽频带行波管中.一般的计算未考虑翼片加载所引起的角向空间谐波,本文考虑空间谐波,建立了有限厚度翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的模型,推导出实用的色散方程和耦合阻抗表达式.利用导出的方程对实际行波管的螺旋慢波结构进行计算,并与测量结果和简单翼片模型进行了比较.首次通过分析的方法得到加载翼片有最佳中心夹角(θ)存在.     

几种典型翼片加载螺旋线行波管色散及返波特性研究

利用德国CST公司商业电磷仿真软件微波工作室（Microwave Studio）对几种典型翼片加载螺旋线行波管的冷色散进行了计算，对基波和返波色散曲线进行了数值拟合，给出了相应的返波振荡频率及其该频率下的基波和返波的耦合阻抗。本文还分析了两种常见翼片加载结构翼片与螺旋线间距变化对基波色散、返波振荡频率及相应耦合阻抗的影响。     

螺旋线行波管中螺距跳变幅度对输出功率的影响

通过对具有动态速度渐变（咖特性的注波互作用机理和谐波抑制技术的讨论得出了合理螺旋线的参量够提高螺旋线行波管频带内输出功率的初步结论。通过数值计算对螺距跳变幅度对输出功率影响进行了重点研究，进一步印证了初步结论。并得出了恰当的螺距跳变幅度可抑制二次谐波。增强基波，提高频带内输出功率的重要结论。所得结论为螺旋线慢波系统的设计工作的进一步开展指明了一个方向。     

翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构色散和耦合阻抗的测量与模拟

运用非谐振微扰法，利用Aglient8510C矢量网络分析仪对两个不同翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的色散和耦合阻抗特性进行了测试。运用HFSS软件对实验中两个被测的螺旋线慢波结构进行建模，分别计算了它们的色散和耦合阻抗特性，在模拟中考虑了空间谐波对耦合阻抗的影响。结果表明，模拟与实验的色散和耦合阻抗有较好的一致性。     

基于MAFIA软件的螺旋线慢波结构冷特性仿真

利用MAFIA软件所提供的准周期边界条件,对两种不同夹持结构的螺旋线行波管一个周期结构的色散和耦合阻抗特性进行了仿真,并与国内开发的螺旋线行波管计算软件包的计算结果进行了比较,为今后进一步优化螺旋线行波管的慢波结构打下基础.     

螺旋线慢波结构的参数变化对其冷测特性的影响

本文介绍了用MAFIA软件的准周期边界条件计算螺旋线行波管慢波结构的色散和耦合阻抗等冷测特性的方法,并重点对慢波结构中各参数,特别是矩形螺旋线截面的宽度和厚度对其冷测特性的影响进行了分析.这是目前理论上没有解决的难题.分析结果表明,螺旋线的宽度和厚度对其色散影响不大,而对耦合阻抗有一定影响.对耦合阻抗而言,螺旋带宽度和厚度都存在一个最佳值.     

螺旋线慢波结构变节距段阻抗和耦合函数变化规律的研究

当采用相位聚焦技术提高行波管的互作用效率时,应求解考虑阻抗和耦合函数变化的非线性方程组。本文从自由螺旋导面的耦合阻抗公式出发,考虑了变节距段的螺旋带、介质及金属屏蔽筒的影响,得出了实际螺旋线慢波结构变节距段的阻抗和耦合函数的变化规律,并用实验验证了此规律,取得了较好的一致性。本文还列出了Rowe和Cutler提出的结果,并进行了比较。     

3022行波管环杆加工介绍

一、引言当行波管的功率进入中功率范围时,一般都选用环杆结构作慢渡系统。环杆结构的重要特性是:在高电压下场的基波分量具有较高的耦合阻抗,几乎是单螺旋线的二倍,而空间谐波的耦合阻抗却很低,仅为单螺旋线的1/5～1/10,环杆结构具有15～20％的频带宽度,机械强度和散热性能比较好,因此,目前在中功率行波管中获得广泛的应用。     

钮销支撑螺旋线慢波结构色散特性及二次谐波抑制研究

寻求频带更宽、输出功率更大、体积更小的螺旋线行波管一直是研制工作的目标,二次谐波是影响宽带行波管工作的重要因素,本文对不同形式介质加载的螺旋线慢波结构进行了模拟,并对其中色散曲线最为平坦的钮销慢波结构进行了一维大信号模拟,证明改变螺距或夹持介质形状可有效展宽带宽、降低二次谐波功率。     

Study on Effects of Different Metallic Vane-Loaded Helix Slow-Wave Structures in Traveling-Wave Tubes

The effects of different metallic vane-loaded helix slow-wave structures of a traveling-wave tube are proposed based on the analysis of the Fourier expansions of the exterior region with metallic vanes. The influences of the metallic vanes dimensions on the phase velocity and interaction impedance are considered in detail. The computed data is compared with the reference data in the 0−16 GHz frequency range with a good consistency. The analytical results reveal that the method of using Fourier expansions can contribute effectively to the reducing of the error between the theoretical and experimented data (around 1.2%). By analyzing the computed results, the performances of the helix slow-wave structure, with T-shaped metallic vanes are superior to the sector-shaped with the same designed parameters. Adjustments can be made to the outer radius of T-shaped metallic vanes which then control the dispersion relation showing either negative or positive, and it is similar to sector-shaped vanes by adjusting its inner radius. And with increasing the distance between the helix and metallic vanes, the dispersion characteristics and interaction impedance of the helix slow-wave structure with T-shaped/sector-shaped metallic vane are all improved.     

Wave Properties of A Free Elliptical Helix Slow-Wave Structure with Arbitrary Eccentricity

This paper gives the investigations of the fundamental wave of a free elliptical helix slow-wave structure (SWS) with arbitrary eccentricity. The wave properties including the phase velocity characteristics, interaction impedance and the longitudinal electric field distribution of this mode has been fully studied. It is found that, when the eccentricity increases, the interaction impedance and the operating frequency of such SWS will be improved, which allows to have a higher gain and operating in a higher frequency band. Furthermore, the field configuration is different from that of a round helix; the azimuthal distribution of the E-field follows with the angular Mathieu function of the first kind, even with mode of zero. In radial, E-field is elliptical surface wave. When the eccentricity tends to zero, all the characteristics will be smoothly degenerates to the case of round helix correspondingly.     

土壤表面与运动目标复合电磁散射的矩量法研究

为了满足土壤表面上方雷达目标检测、识别和分类等的需要,采用空间域合成法生成高度起伏遵守Alpha-stable分布的土壤表面,选用Topp模型模拟土壤的介电常数,运用矩量法研究了锥形波入射条件下土壤与其上方运动的三角形截面柱的复合电磁散射问题,通过数值计算得到了复合散射系数随散射角的变化曲线,分析了等边三角形和不规则三角形截面柱在土壤表面上方横向平移、纵向平移、转动以及电磁波入射角对复合散射系数的影响。数值计算结果表明：复合散射系数随散射角振荡地变化,等边三角形截面柱的纵向平移和转动对复合散射系数有较大的影响,而横向平移对复合散射系数的影响很小;不规则三角形截面柱的横向平移和纵向平移对复合散射系数产生的影响很小,转动对复合散射系数的影响较大。有关结果可为民用、军用领域工程问题提供理论依据和实践方法。     

Analysis of Helix Slow Wave Structure for High Efficiency Space TWT

This paper describes the analysis of helix slow-wave structure (SWS) for a high efficiency space traveling wave tube that is carried out using Ansoft HFSS and CST microwave studio, which is a 3D electromagnetic field simulators. Two approaches of simulating the dispersion and impedance characteristics of the helix slow wave structure have been discussed and compared with measured results. The dispersion characteristic gives the information about axial propagation constant (Beta). Which in turn yields the phase velocity at a particular frequency. The dispersion and impedance characteristics can be used in finding the pertinent design parameters of the helix slow-wave structure. Therefore a new trend has been initiated at CEERI to use Ansoft HFSS code to analysis of the helix slow wave structure in its real environment. The analysis of the helix SWS for Ku-band 140W space TWT has been carried out and compared with experimental results, and found is close agreement.     

椭圆柱传输线内的TEM波及其特性阻抗

利用复数坐标系z上的儒可夫斯基变换,给出椭圆柱传输线内的TEM波的电磁场分布规律,利用数学软件Matlab绘制出TEM波在椭圆柱传输线横向截面上的场结构图,并计算出其特性阻抗。     

26.5-40GHz 高效率宽带毫米波行波管高频系统仿真设计

优化高频系统慢波结构参数,分析了慢波结构的材料及T 型夹持杆对高频损耗的影响,设计了一种未加载翼片结构的双渐变螺线26.5-40GHz 40W 宽带行波管,试验测试宽频带内电子效率超过12%,采用4 级降压收集极后总效率大于37%。     

新型大功率毫米波螺旋线行波管高频系统研究

该文探讨了CVD金刚石材料在宽带毫米波螺旋线行波管中的应用,研究了两类非杆状新型CVD金刚石夹持的螺旋线高频结构,利用MAFIA分析了它们的色散特性、耦合阻抗和衰减常数,与传统的矩形BeO夹持杆和矩形CVD夹持杆高频结构进行了对比,最后将这两类新型高频结构替代国内某毫米波行波管(26-40GHz)中的矩形BeO夹持杆螺旋线高频结构,利用宽带大功率行波管CAD集成环境中的注波互作用模块分析了其大信号工作特性。结果表明,分立CVD金刚石夹持高频系统兼顾了超宽带和大功率,同时由于金刚石直接和螺旋线及金属翼片大面积接触,该结构还具有极好的散热能力,是一种有重要应用前景的高频结构。     

一种具有新型分立介质支撑的翼片加载螺旋带慢 波结构的研究

本文研究了一种具有新型分立介质支撑的翼片加载螺旋带慢波系统,该种慢波系统具有较高的功率容量和较宽的带宽.通过用切比雪夫多项式来展开螺旋带上的面电流,用真空层来模拟螺旋带的厚度,用均匀分层介质来等效新型分立介质支撑,考虑到过渡连接金属块的影响,用场论的方法得到了非常实用的色散方程和耦合阻抗的表达式,同时进行了HFSS模拟,发现用场论的方法所得出的结果与用HFSS模拟的结果吻合良好.本文的结果对这种新型慢波结构的设计具有指导意义.     

Design formulas for helix dispersion shaping

A simple method of calculating effects of various boundaries around the helix on the dispersion relation and the interaction impedance is presented. The analytical technique is based on the use of equivalent circuit parameters derived from rigorous field analyses. The main advantage of this method is that effects of various perturbing objects (dielectrics, shields, etc.) can be calculated independently, regardless of the model of the unperturbed system. Equivalent circuit parameters are obtained for helices with several different forms of perturbing boundaries, including wedge-shaped dielectric rods, conducting boundaries, longitudinally conducting wires and fins, and combinations of these. The method of analysis is versatile so that the dispersion relation for any one particular form of the helix may be calculated from known characteristics of another using only three sets of universal curves.