不规则地形地波传播衰减因子的改进算法及结果一致性研究

针对低频地波衰减因子预测算法中积分方程算法与其它经典算法在均匀/分段均匀光滑路径模型下求解结果不一致的问题进行研究分析。引入球面校正因子和高程转换技术,对积分方程方法进行改进,提高其与其它经典算法在光滑路径模型下预测结果的一致性。在此基础上,将改进算法用于实际不规则地面模型地波衰减因子预测,并与实测结果进行比较。与原算法相比,改进后的算法更适合考虑地球曲率影响下复杂长距离地面及空中地波衰减因子的求解。     

不规则地面低频地波传播预测方法的性能比较

对不规则地面低频地波传播预测中积分方程方法、Millington经验公式以及FDTD算法的性能进行了分析比较.首先介绍了三种方法的模型和理论;然后分别采用这几种方法预测了传播路径中有高斯形山脉时低频地波的场强和二次时延分布,对几种方法的优势、局限性及误差进行了比较分析.结果显示:在地形起伏较小的区域,积分方程方法和FDTD方法吻合较好,Millington方法不能反映地形起伏对地波传播影响规律;当地形起伏较大时,积分方程方法也不再适用,FDTD则可以在山前及山脉区域预测到由地形反射引起的振荡信号.     

随机粗糙海面上地波传播衰减因子

基于地波沿随机粗糙而传播的Ｂａｒｒｉｃｋ理论,研究了等效归一化表面阻抗积分的数值计算方法。采用指数大气模型和实际海水电参数,通过对光滑球形地面上Ｒｏｔｈｅｒａｍ地波场计算公式进行修正,计算得到了不同海态时海面上地波传播衰减因子。     

沿不规则不均匀地面传播的侧面波

侧面波传播经常用于长波地下通信,目前工程应用上一般将地下收发天线所处的介质环境理想化为均匀平面与均匀球面,在这种理想化模型下,已有适合于工程应用的侧面波传播计算公式,但当收发天线处于复杂地面环境时,这些公式不适用.以沿不均匀地面传播的地波衰减因子所满足的积分方程算法以及互易定理出发,导出了适用于不规则不均匀地面传播的侧面波一般公式,并进行了数值计算.数值计算结果表明,在理想化的均匀平面和球面条件下,所得结果与已有公式完全吻合,在复杂地形条件下,计算结果具有更明确的物理意义,更好的描述了沿复杂地面条件下侧面波传播特性.     

超短波、微波前向散射传播理论

1.大气分布不均匀性对无线电波传播的影响地球上空大气的分布是不均匀的,大气分布的不均匀性对无线电波传播有着极其重要的影响,如果大气分布是完全均匀的,那么从地面上的一点到另一点,无线电波只能用地波的形式来传播。这时,如果地面没有高低起伏的话,在接收点的信号符合球形地面上的电磁波绕射理论。按照这一理论,在视线距离以外,场强按指数关     

不同地质条件下地波传播特性分析

介绍了地波场强及通信链路的计算原理,着重分析了地波在不同地质条件下的传播特性,包括地波在均匀土壤、不均匀土壤上的传播特性,衰减因子的变化规律以及障碍物对电波传播的影响,并给出了测试结果曲线图和部分测算结果。     

近地半菱形天线地波场强的计算

针对平面镜像法不能准确计算近地复杂线天线地波场强的问题,提出将平面分层媒质的格林函数法和前苏联学者Fock地波留数级数计算模型相结合,并以近地半菱形天线为例来进行计算.首先,推导了半空间并矢格林函数的空域形式,并采用加强离散复镜像法对表达式中Sommerfeld积分进行计算验证,之后采用矩量法求解半菱形天线的电流;其次,给出了偶极子在球形表面的Fock留数级数波场模型,并把模式方程变换为微分方程进行求解,考虑到大气的指数型模型,采用等效地球半径对偶极子地波场进行计算并同ITU-R推荐的指数型地波计算软件GRWAVE的计算结果进行对比验证.最后,推导了地球表面任意方向偶极子的地波场计算表达式,并根据求取的半菱形天线电流对地波场进行计算.提供了一种近地复杂线天线地波场的求解思路.     

短波天波反射/地波绕射组合新传播模式及其可能应用

把电离层反射传播模式和地波绕射传播模式组合成新的传播模式.对这一新传播模式的构建形式、新模式的路径损耗因子、频域多普勒谱特性、工作频率特性等传播特性以及它的可能应用进行了研究.以天波/地波集成体制超视距雷达系统作为一种应用,导出了其雷达方程、定位方程和信息处理过程模型.具体的算例表明,该雷达体制有好的可行性.     

基于遗传算法的大地电导率反演

大地电导率是目前影响地波传播时延修正量计算精度的关键因素之一。将地波传播时延计算方法中的Millington经验公式作为前向算法,以传播时延修正量的理论预测结果与实测结果误差最小为优化目标,将大地电导率反演问题转化为优化问题,并采用遗传算法对传播路径上的大地电导率进行反演。通过对部分试验区域的仿真实验,证实了这种反演方法的可行性以及所反演电导率的可靠性。     

混合路径条件下中短波段地波场强计算与分析

陆基无线电导航系统利用地波进行测距定位,有效计算出地波信号场强可改进系统的工作范围、接收机设计的灵敏度及动态范围。由于地表环境组成多样,如海面、丘陵、湿地等,因此信号传播路径复杂,加大了场强计算的难度。针对这一问题,总结并介绍了一种关于地波信号沿混合路径传播的场强计算方法。基于该方法分别对地波衰减因子、地波信号场强进行了不同频率的仿真,通过仿真结果与实测值的对比验证了该方法的有效性,证明了该方法适合于工程上的计算。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-