基于LEA-5T的快速高精度授时系统

为了进一步提高授时系统的精度和授时速度,采用新一代具有室内高精度授时技术的授时芯片LEA-5T作为标准时间基准源,设计了快速高精度授时系统.设计了系统的原理电路、详细阐述了原理电路的工作原理、介绍了私有协议UBX Protocol、时间码信息的提取及时间基准信号的确定方法,最后提供了样机图片以供读者参考.实践表明,该系统产生同步脉冲信号与秒基准信号的同步精度为0.6 μs,可满足同步精度小于1 μs的要求;首次授时速度快,热启动下小于4 s;信号敏感,在恶劣气候或只有一颗星可见时也可以实现授时.     

一种基于北斗授时的B码终端设计与实现

针对众多领域的用户在组建时频网络时对高精度时间同步的需求,以从北斗卫星导航信号中解算的时间信息和授时秒脉冲为基准,基于B码编码原理,设计实现了一种高精度B码授时终端。通过实验验证,结果表明设计输出的直流B码具有优于100 ns的同步授时精度,交流B码具有微秒级的同步授时精度,能作为一个稳定的B码时间源,为用户提供高精度的B码授时服务。     

基于时间间隔测量的宽范围高分辨率时间同步检测方法

针对传统时间同步技术中测量范围与分辨率之间的矛盾,提出一种基于时间间隔测量的宽范围高分辨率时间同步检测方法.利用电磁波信号在特定介质中传播的准确性和稳定性,结合任意信号之间无需频率归一化处理的异频相位检测原理,以时空转换关系为基础,将基于长度游标的时频测量技术应用于导航卫星1pps信号的同步检测,进而提高1pps信号之间时间差测量的分辨率.同时,该技术与传统的高精度时间间隔测量方法配合使用,形成多层次逐级测量法,可以进一步扩宽测量范围.实验结果证明了该方法的合理性和科学性,其测量分辨率可达到50ps量级,稳定度优于10ps.该方法将为我国航空航天、导航定位、通信、计量、雷达、天文等高科技领域的进一步发展提供理论指导并对其中关键的时间同步方面提供技术支持.     

基于FPGA的高精度守时方法研究

提出一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的高精度守时方法,以统计学为基准,结合高精度恒温晶振和北斗/GPS双模接收器产生同步标准秒脉冲信号。当授时系统导航卫星失连,系统根据存储晶振脉冲数计算出均值和方差,动态设置系统晶振脉冲计数器阈值从而模拟产生高精度秒脉冲信号,消除晶振累积误差。实验结果表明,1h内授时系统守时误差小于250ns,可满足授时系统在电力、靶场等系统中的守时要求。     

基于SDH网络的高精度授时研究

针对目前基于数字同步体系(SDH)网络的长距离时 频同步精度不高、不易与现有网络相融合等问题,提出了一种采 用桥接测量方式拓展SDH网络无源双向比对授时距离的新方法。分析了桥接测量法的中间站 时延测量误差。搭建了220km的4节点SDH实验网络,通过桥接测量法 跨越两个 SDH网元设备,利用桥接站时延数据的测量结果对终端时钟实施伺服控制,使其跟踪于 主站时钟。授时 系统的同步误差峰-峰值为965ps,均方差为117.7ps。实验结果表明,使用桥接测量和时钟伺服技术不但能有 效拓展授时距离,而且能在SDH网络终端再生与基准时钟高度同步的时间频率信号,达到较 高的授时精度水平。     

某靶场时统控制系统设计

靶场时统控制系统主要作用是向靶场的各种测试设备提供统一标准的时间信号和时刻信号,它使靶场整个测量控制系统在统一的时间尺度下工作,是靶场的时间基准和频率基准,是靶场测控体系的重要组成部分。针对某靶场对试验控制信息、时间信息和准频率信息要求较高的特点,提出了一种基于GPS授时的系统设计方案。     

基于STM32的可编程函数信号发生器设计

该文设计了一种基于STM32和DAC8871的可编程函数信号发生器。该装置由STM32子系统、DA转换电路、电压基准电路、Flash存储电路、波形选择电路及显示电路六大部分组成。该装置采用SPI通信方式,可同时产生六种幅值可调(可达±15V)、频率可变的不规则波形信号。     

基于FPGA的BPM时号处理系统

与美国GPS授时系统相对比,列举了采用中国国家授时中心发播的标准授时信号作为同步时钟源的优势和必要性。提出了一种基于FPGA技术的BPM授时信号处理系统设计方案,给出了系统的整体结构、FPGA内部硬件资源的划分、设计了提取正弦波信号的互相关算法和基于VHDL的软件设计方案,FPGA硬件的速度是ns级的,这是当前任何单片机系统都难以达到的速度,因此本系统能更实时地、快速地提取时间信息,保证时钟的精度。     

高精度自由空间光学时频基准传输技术研究进展

自由空间时频基准传输是全球授时与同步、高速宽带通信、卫星编队飞行和空间物理参数监测等应用的关键技术，光钟技术的发展对光学时频基准传输精度提出了更高的要求。本文介绍了国内外自由空间光学时频基准传输技术的研究进展，重点介绍了不同研究机构基于光学频率梳开展的大气湍流相位噪声和空间噪声补偿方法，以满足高精度时间和频率基准的传输要求，最后对自由空间光学时频基准传输技术的应用进行了总结和展望。     

GPS授时的IRIG-B(DC)码编码设计与实现

引言随着科学技术的迅速发展,各种电子技术对于时间的精度要求也越来越高。因此作为高精度的全球定位系统和授时系统,GPS技术得到了广泛的运用,由于其精度可以达到μs级,所以其在很多设备中都作为精确的授时源,因此很多公司都推出了基于GPS的同步对时装置。时间码IRIG-B作为一种重要的时间同步传输的方式,以其突出的优越性能,成为时统设备首选的标准码,在靶场测量、工业控制、电力系统测量与保护、计算、通信、气象等重要行业及领域得到了广泛的应用。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.