硅基AlN薄膜制备技术与测试分析

采用直流磁控反应溅射法,在Si(100),Al/Si(100)和Pt/Ti/Si(100)等多种衬底上制备了用于MEMS器件的AlN薄膜.用XRD和AES对薄膜的结构和组分进行了分析,通过优化工艺参数,得到了提高薄膜择优取向的方法,并分析了不同衬底上AlN晶粒生长的有关机理.制备的AlN薄膜显示出良好的〈002〉择优取向性,摇摆曲线的半高宽达到5.6°.     

Si(111)和Si(100)衬底上磁控反应溅射制备AlN薄膜

采用射频磁控反应溅射法在Si(111)和Si(100)两种衬底上制备了AlN薄膜,用X射线衍射(XRD)对AlN薄膜进行了表征,研究了衬底Si(111)、Si(100)取向以及N2百分比对AlN(002)薄膜c-轴择优取向的影响。实验结果表明,Si(100)较适合生长c-轴择优取向AlN薄膜,而且N2百分比为40%时,AlN薄膜的c-轴取向最好,具有尖锐的XRD峰,此时对应于AlN(002)晶向。计算了(002)取向AlN和两种Si衬底的失配度,Si(111)面与AlN(002)面可归结为正三角形晶系之间的匹配,失配度为23.5%;而Si(100)面与AlN(002)面可归结为正方形晶系与正三角形晶系之间的匹配,失配度为0.8%,可以认为完全共格。理论分析和实验结果相符。     

(100)取向AlN薄膜的制备及其压电性能研究

采用射频磁控溅射法,在Si(100)衬底(含Au导电层)上制备了(100)取向的AlN薄膜并研究了工作压强和溅射功率对制备的AlN薄膜性能的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了薄膜结构特性,结果表明,在一定范围内,工作压强的增加和溅射功率的减小更有利于AlN(100)晶面择优取向的生长。利用压电力显微镜(PFM)对AlN薄膜的形貌和压电性能进行了表征,发现(100)择优取向的AlN薄膜的压电性主要表现在薄膜面内方向上。     

氮氩体积流量比对AlN薄膜生长取向、晶体质量及沉积速率的影响及机理分析

采用反应磁控溅射法,在溅射气压、溅射功率和衬底温度恒定的条件下,通过调控氮氩体积流量比,在单晶Si衬底上制备AlN薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)研究氮氩体积流量比对AlN薄膜的生长取向、晶体质量及沉积速率的影响规律并分析其机理。结果显示,提高氮氩体积流量比有利于AlN薄膜(002)择优取向的生长,但过高的氮氩体积流量比会降低薄膜的沉积速率。在溅射气压为5 mTorr(1 Torr=133.3 Pa)、溅射功率为500 W、衬底温度为200℃、氮氩体积流量(cm³/min)比为14∶6时,在单晶Si衬底上可以制备出质量较好的,具有良好(002)择优取向的AlN薄膜。研究结果可为反应磁控溅射制备高质量AlN薄膜提供工艺参数设置规律指导。     

直流磁控反应溅射制备硅基AIN薄膜

采用直流磁控反应溅射法,在Si(100)和Pt/Ti/Si(100)上制备了AlN薄膜。用X-射线衍射(XRD)、电镜扫描(SEM)、原子力显微(AFM)对薄膜的晶向结构和表面形貌进行了分析,研究了不同工艺参数对薄膜择优取向的影响,分析了AlN晶粒生长的有关机理。制备出的AlN薄膜显示出较好的(002)面择优取向性,半高宽(FWHM)为0.35°～0.40°,折射率约为2.07。     

射频磁控溅射生长C轴择优取向AIN压电薄膜

采用射频磁控反应溅射工艺，在Si（400）衬底上制备了高c轴取向的AlN薄膜。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析了薄膜特征。研究了不同的Ar／N2比、衬底偏压、工作压强对AlN薄膜c轴择优取向的影响。研究了AlN薄膜在以氮终止的硅衬底和纯净硅衬底两种表面状态的生长机制，发现在以氮终止的硅衬底表面生长的AlN薄膜非常容易得到c轴择优取向的AlN薄膜。     

衬底温度对AlN/ZnO复合薄膜结构形貌的影响

采用直流反应磁控溅射法在ZnO/Si基片上制备了良好(002)(c轴)取向的AlN薄膜,利用XRD、AFM对不同衬底温度下制备的AlN薄膜的结构、形貌进行了分析表征.结果表明,在一定湿度范围内(450～650℃),随着衬底温度的升高,晶粒逐渐长大,沉积速率增大,表面粗糙度先减小后增大;AlN(002)择优取向呈改善趋势,取向度先增大后减小,600℃时达到最佳.     

RF偏置功率对磁控溅射AlN薄膜性能的影响北大核心

采用射频（RF）反应磁控溅射法,以氩气和氮气为反应气体,在不同的RF偏置功率下,在Si（100）和Si（111）衬底上制备了具有六方纤锌矿结构的AlN薄膜。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了薄膜的截面形貌和厚度;利用原子力显微镜（AFM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）研究了RF偏置功率对Si（111）和Si（100）衬底上沉积的AlN薄膜微观结构和表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,在RF偏置功率为5~15 W时,两种衬底均可生长（002）择优取向AlN薄膜。RF偏置功率为20 W时,AlN薄膜（002）择优取向变弱,薄膜质量变差。当RF偏置功率为10 W时,Si（111）和Si（100）两种衬底沉积的AlN薄膜的半高宽（FWHM）值和表面均方根粗糙度均最小,其表面均方根粗糙度的最小值分别为2.427和2.836 nm。     

直流磁控反应溅射制备硅基AlN薄膜

采用直流磁控反应溅射法,在Si(100)和Pt/Ti/Si(100)上制备了AlN薄膜.用X-射线衍射(XRD)、电镜扫描(SEM)、原子力显微(AFM)对薄膜的晶向结构和表面形貌进行了分析,研究了不同工艺参数对薄膜择优取向的影响,分析了AIN晶粒生长的有关机理.制备出的AIN薄膜显示出较好的(002)面择优取向性,半高宽(FWHM)为0.35°～0.40°,折射率约为2.07.     

金刚石基底上制备(002)AlN薄膜的研究

首先采用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)方法,在O2/H2/CH4混合气体气氛下利用大功率微波在(100)Si片上生长出了异质外延金刚石膜,X-射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对薄膜的表征分析结果表明,制备的金刚石膜具有很高的金刚石相纯度,且晶粒排列紧密;继而采用射频磁控反应溅射法,在抛光的金刚石基底上成功制备了高C轴择优取向的氮化铝(AlN)薄膜,研究了不同的溅射气压、靶基距对AlN薄膜制备的影响,XRD检测结果表明,溅射气压低,靶基距短,有利于AlN(002)面择优取向,相反则更有利于AlN薄膜的(103)面和(102)面择优取向;研究了AlN薄膜在以N终止的金刚石基底和纯净金刚石基底两种表面状态上的生长机制,结果发现,以N终止的金刚石基底非常有利于AlN(002)面择优取向生长;从Al-N化学键的形成以及溅射粒子平均自由程的角度,探讨了其对AlN薄膜择优取向的影响。     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.