集成电路可靠性预计模型及其参数

通过分析集成电路失效类型与诸影响因素的关系,对集成电路可靠性预计模型进行了理论的探讨.以现场和试验数据为基础,研究模型参数的意义、表达式及其确定方法,并给出我国数字电路的温度应力系数和复杂度系数.     

1997年IEEE GaAs IC国际会议简介

1997年第19届IEEE砷化锌集成电路国际会议于1997年10月12日至15日在美国加州的阿纳海姆（Anaheim）召开。本次会议发表论文以篇，包括16篇特邀报告及4篇最新进展报告。其中美国35篇，欧洲12篇，亚洲17篇（日本15篇，中国台湾和新加坡各一篇）。内容涉及GaAs技术的各个领域，包括微波单片集成电路（23篇），高速数字集成电路（16篇），光通信（9篇），集成电路工艺（6篇），毫米彼单片集成电路（6篇），可靠性技术（4篇）等，其中涉及无线通信领域的GaAs单片电路技术有16篇。由此可知，会议的重点仍是无线通信、高速数字电路和光通信。以…     

新千禧的相控阵

本是综述性章，总结了应用于地面，舰船，空中及空间的无源，有源偶极子及单片微波集成电路（MMIC）相控阵近年来的发展和未来的发展趋势，涉及的有THAAD（以前称GBR），欧洲的COBRA及以色列的BMD雷达天线，荷兰的舰载APAR，机载US F－22，欧洲的AMSAR，瑞典的AESA，日本的FSX及以色列的弗尔康（Phalcon)，Iridium（轨道上66颗卫星共198个天线）及全球星单片微波集成电路星载天线系统；汤姆逊－CSF4英寸单片微波集成电路晶片94GHz自动寻的弹头天线，数字波束形成，铁电体行－列扫描，通信及雷达的光电扫描，用于通信，雷达，电子干扰（ECM），电子支援（ESM）的单片微波集成电路C波段到Ku波段的先进共用孔径项目（ASAP）天线系统，以及连续横向短路器（CTS）压变介质（VVD）天线。     

MMIC和RFIC的CAD

微波单片集成电路和射频集成电路频率和集成度的提高使设计复杂化,对计算机辅助设计的依赖性更强,元器件行为的精确描述和仿真器的功能是设计精度的关键所在。本文对微波单片集成电路和射频集成电路设计的计算机辅助设计问题进行了论述,着重讨论了元器件模型和仿真器功能在微波射频集成电路设计中的问题和应用。     

MM工C和RFIC的GAD

微波单片集成电路和射频集成电路频率和集成度的提高使设计复杂化,对计算机辅助设计的依赖性更强,元器件行为的精确描述和仿真器的功能是设计精度的关键所在.本文对微波单片集成电路和射频集成电路设计的计算机辅助设计问题进行了论述,着重讨论了元器件模型和仿真器功能在微波射频集成电路设计中的问题和应用.     

离子注入GaAs MMIC IF放大器的加速老练和长期可靠性研究

本文介绍了在3时掺铬GaAs LEC衬底上制造的离子注入GaAs单片微波集成电路(MMIC)IF放大器(IFA)的可靠性试验结果。该试验是总计为13000小时、对200多个IFA实行的三个加速老练试验和一个长期寿命试验。在125℃工作温度下,预计的失效率小于150非特。在激活能为1.9eV的情况下,失效前平均工作时间(MTTF)为10(?)小时。主要失效模式是IFA偏压电流和RF增益降额。初步失效分析表明,降额引起FET沟道电阻增大和跨导减小。     

射频功率放大器互连可靠性的神经网络建模研究北大核心CSCD

以一个GaAs单片微波集成电路功率放大器为例进行了三维互连可靠性建模与分析,提出将人工神经网络技术与传统的有限元分析方法相结合来实现电路互连可靠性的快速预测,有效地克服了有限元分析耗时耗资源的缺点。通过训练从ANSYS得到的可靠性数据,人工神经网络技术可以快速构建该模型的输入输出关系,进一步分析建模得到的互连可靠性数据库,进而得到该功率放大器可靠性最佳的晶体管尺寸和工作条件,这为集成电路的互连可靠性设计和分析提供了重要指导。     

GaAs微波单片集成电路的主要失效模式及机理

从可靠性物理角角度，深入分析了引起砷化镓微波单片机集成电路（GaAs MMIC)退化或失效的主要失效模式及其失效机理，明确了GaAs MMIC的可靠性问题主要表现为有源器件、无源器件和环境因素等引入损伤退化，主要的失效部位是MMIC的有源器件。     

GaAs MESFET大信号瞬态模拟

本文采用了大信号瞬态分析方法，从砷化镓（ＧａＡｓ）材料参数和器件几何参数出发，通过求解Ｐｏｉｓｓｉｏｎ方程和连续性方程，模拟出ＦＥＴ器件端口特性，得到了大小信号器件模型不同的定量依据，并在此基础上提取出了ＦＥＴ非线性模型参数．本文所开发的软件，其有效性在从材料器件物理参数出发，一步设计出微波单片集成电路（ＭＭＩＣ）的ＣＡＤ过程中得到了验证．     

砷化镓微波单片集成电路的失效分析

通过封装内部气氛、芯片显微、能谱等分析手段对国内某研究所研制砷化镓微波单片集成电路高温加速寿命试验后的样品进行了失效分析,对其失效机理进行探讨,得出:封装气密性不好、工艺造成的缺陷是引起失效的主要原因,也是造成国内产品质量与可靠性不如国外同类产品的重要原因。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-