空心阴极离子淀积TiN薄膜特性研究

本文用空心阴极离子淀积系统,在氮和氩的混合气体中淀积了TiN薄膜.X射线衍射方法、俄歇电子谱(AES)和电学测量等方法用来研究分析了TiN薄膜的结构、组分和薄膜电阻率.该TiN薄膜有很低的电阻率,其电阻率约为25μΩcm.Al/TiN/Si金属化系统经550℃、30分钟热退火后,卢瑟富背散射(RBS)分析结果表明,没有发现互扩散现象,说明TiN在硅集成电路中是一种良好的扩散势垒材料.     

反应溅射TiW_yN_x薄膜扩散势垒特性研究

本文利用XRD、RBS、AES、SEM和电学测量技术系统地研究了反应溅射制备的TiW_yN_x薄膜的组份、结构和扩散势垒特性,实验结果表明,膜的组份、结构和特性受溅射时N_2流量影响和溅射功率的影响,这种TiW_yN_x膜经550℃30分钟退火后,仍能有效防止Al-Si扩散,从而改善了Al/TiW_yN_x/CoSi_2/Si浅结接触的热稳定性。     

反应溅射TiWyNx薄膜扩散势垒特性研究

本文利用ＸＲＤ，ＲＢＳ，ＡＥＳ，ＳＥＭ和电学测量技术系统地研究了反应溅射制备的ＴｉＷｙＮｘ薄膜的组份，结构和扩散势垒特性，实验结构表明，膜的组份，结构和特性受溅射时Ｎ２流量影响和溅射功率的影响，这种ＴｉＷｙＮｘ膜经５５０℃３０分钟退火后，仍能有效防止Ａｌ－Ｓｉ扩散，从而改善了Ａ１－ＴｉＷｙＮｘ／ＣｏＳｉ２／Ｓｉ浅结接触的热稳定性。     

磁控溅射的TaN薄膜的扩散阻挡性能

用反应磁控溅射方法在SiO2/Si(100)衬底和Cu薄膜间溅射一层TaN阻挡层,测试不同N气分压及热处理温度下Cu/TaN/SiO2/Si薄膜的显微结构和电阻特性.同时利用微细加工技术加工了镂空的Cu互连叉指测试结构,研究了TaN薄膜在镂空的铜互连结构中的扩散阻挡性能.结果发现,在退火温度不超过400 ℃时,薄膜电阻率均低于80μΩ·cm,而当溅射N分压超过10%,退火温度超过400℃时,薄膜电阻率很快上升.低N气分压下(≤10%)溅射时,即使退火温度达到600 ℃,薄膜电阻基本不变.     

Pt/Ti/Si三元固相反应生长PtSi过程的实验研究

采用离子溅射方法在硅衬底上淀积Pt/Ti/Si多层结构,研究了不同退火温度(500℃和800℃)、相同退火时间(30 min)固相反应形成PtSi薄膜的工艺.通过XRD、AES等测试方法,研究了原子的互扩散和反应过程.结果表明,在500℃退火时,由于Pt-Ti-O-Si过渡层的存在,使得Pt和Si反应不够充分,生成物中有部分Pt2Si存在,而800℃退火时,由于过渡层Ti与Si反应生成TiSi2,消耗了大量的Si,使得Pt与Si反应也不够充分.根据上述实验,给出了Pt/Ti/Si三元固相反应在不同退火温度下应采取的工艺务件.     

W阻挡层对Al/TiSi_2/Si接触系统热稳定性的影响

用X射线衍射及I—V测量技术研究了W在Al/TiSi_2/Si接触系统中的作用,并与不加W阻挡层的情况作了比较。热稳定性的研究表明:在高达100℃退火时,W阻挡层能够阻止Al与TiSi_2的完全反应。对Al/W/TiSi_2/Si接触二极管的I—V测试表明,在480℃以内退火,势垒高度变化不大。当退火温度达500℃时,Si通过TiSi_2层扩散至W阻挡层而使之失效.     

Ti扩散势垒对Al／Si／Pd与n—GaAs欧姆接触热稳定性的影响

利用电子束蒸发依次将Pd,Si和Al淀积在掺杂浓度为2×10~(13)cm~(-3)的n型GaAs上,可以得到非合金、低阻的欧姆接触。比接触电阻率约为5×10~(-6)·cm~2。但经过高温(410℃),长时间热退火后,样品的表面会出现明显不平整,比接触电阻率会明显增加,在Al和Si/Pd之间加入一层Ti作为扩散势垒会使欧姆接触的热稳定性变好。但只有在Al和Ti之间的反应没有完全耗尽Ti时,扩散势垒才起作用。     

超薄Ru/TaN双层薄膜作为无籽晶铜互连扩散阻挡层

研究了钌(Ru)/氮化钽(TaN)双层结构对铜的扩散阻挡特性,在Si(100)衬底上用离子束溅射的方法沉积了超薄Ru/TaN以及Cu/Ru/TaN薄膜,在高纯氮气保护下对样品进行快速热退火,用X射线衍射、四探针以及电流-时间测试等表征手段研究了Ru/TaN双层结构薄膜的热稳定性和对铜的扩散阻挡特性.同时还对Ru/TaN结构上的铜进行了直接电镀.实验结果表明Ru/TaN双层结构具有优良的热稳定性和扩散阻挡特性,在无籽晶铜互连工艺中有较好的应用前景.     

超薄Ru/TaN双层薄膜作为无籽晶铜互连扩散阻挡层

研究了钌（Ru) /氮化钽（TaN）双层结构对铜的扩散阻挡特性，在Si (100）衬底上用离子束溅射的方法沉积了超薄Ru/TaN以及Cu/Ru/TaN薄膜，在高纯氮气保护下对样品进行快速热退火，用X射线衍射、四探针以及电流-时间测试等表征手段研究了Ru/TaN双层结构薄膜的热稳定性和对铜的扩散阻挡特性. 同时还对Ru/TaN结构上的铜进行了直接电镀. 实验结果表明Ru/TaN双层结构具有优良的热稳定性和扩散阻挡特性,在无籽晶铜互连工艺中有较好的应用前景.     

超薄Ru/TaN双层薄膜作为无籽晶铜互连扩散阻挡层

研究了钌(Ru)/氮化钽(TaN)双层结构对铜的扩散阻挡特性,在Si(100)衬底上用离子束溅射的方法沉积了超薄Ru/TaN以及Cu/Ru/TaN薄膜,在高纯氮气保护下对样品进行快速热退火,用X射线衍射、四探针以及电流-时间测试等表征手段研究了Ru/TaN双层结构薄膜的热稳定性和对铜的扩散阻挡特性.同时还对Ru/TaN结构上的铜进行了直接电镀.实验结果表明Ru/TaN双层结构具有优良的热稳定性和扩散阻挡特性,在无籽晶铜互连工艺中有较好的应用前景.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.