基于SVR的混合域鲁棒音频水印算法

对于常见的基于离散小波变换-奇异值分解的水印算法应对常见的攻击鲁棒性较差的情况,提出一种基于奇异值比(Singular Value Ratio,SVR)的混合域音频水印算法.先将音频分帧,利用音频特性选择适合水印嵌入的帧,然后对水印嵌入帧进行离散小波变换和离散余弦变换,将离散余弦变换系数分为4段,选取中频系数进行奇异值...     

基于DWT-SVD的大容量音频水印算法

在音频水印领域,嵌入大量水印而不影响宿主音 频的听觉质量,同时具有良好的鲁棒 性,仍然是一项具有挑战的工作。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种大容量,透明,鲁棒的音 频水印算法。首先对音频应用2级离散小波变换(DWT),并选取低频分量作奇异值分解(SV D),然后将水印嵌入在奇异值矩阵的非对角线元素中,可同时提高算法的透明性和嵌入容 量。另外,利用汉明码编码提升水印的鲁棒性和安全性。仿真实验结果表明,所提算法在平 均信噪比37.75 dB的情况下,可以达到5512 bps 的嵌入容量,对噪声添加、滤波、剪切、压缩等各种信号处理攻击具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于BP神经网络和SNR的自适应音频水印算法

提出一种基于BP神经网络和信噪比(SNR)的自适应音频水印算法。通过修改音频分抽样后子音频帧小波变换近似分量均值的方法嵌入水印。水印嵌入强度由期望的SNR值确定,可避免反复实验或者由经验数据确定水印强度。水印的提取以子音频抽样帧小波变换近似分量均值为BP神经网络的输入,以神经网络的输出作为提取的水印。经过模板训练的BP神经网络能有效的恢复嵌入到音频中的水印数据,实现了水印的盲检测。实验结果表明,本文提出的水印算法具有较好的鲁棒性和不可听性。     

一种基于DWT-DCT-SVD的鲁棒性音频水印算法

针对在基于DWT-DCT进行数字音频水印嵌入,在已嵌入水印的音频受到噪声干扰、低通滤波、重采样等常见的攻击时,其鲁棒性差以及安全性弱的情况.提出了一种新的的盲水印嵌入算法.该算法对原始音频信号完成分帧预处理后,对每帧信号应用离散小波变换(DWT),选取三级低频分量进行离散余弦变换(DCT),先把得到的一维信号平均分解为两个片段,然后进行奇异值分解(SVD),根据奇异值的特性将水印信息嵌入到奇异矩阵.在水印图像的预处理上,采用了以Arnold变换为基础,将水印图像降维,方便水印信息的嵌入.并且通过添加密匙来提升数字音频水印的安全性.使用5个不同种类的音乐类型,进行仿真实验.实验结果表明:其误码率(BER)在0.0896以下,相关系数(NC)在0.9708以上.本算法对噪声干扰、低通滤波、重采样、重量化、剪切、压缩等常见的攻击方法具有良好的鲁棒性.     

基于DWT-SVD鲁棒盲水印算法研究

本文通过对小波变换与奇异值分解的研究,实现一种基于离散小波变换和奇异值分解(DWT-SVD)的奇偶量化嵌入水印算法,可实现水印盲提取.为解决水印安全性问题,使用Arnold变换对水印进行加密;在传统离散小波变换基础上,进行奇异值分解,利用图像的奇异值良好的稳定性,提高图像的鲁棒性;在图像奇异值基础上,进行奇偶量化嵌入和...     

基于DWT-SVD的抗几何攻击水印算法

目前大多数水印系统对噪声、滤波等攻击具有较好的鲁棒性,但对综合性的几何攻击抵抗能力还不够强大。将奇异值分解应用于数字水印以来,得到了广大学者的关注。由于奇异值分解具有稳定性和展现图像代数的特性,已有很多基于奇异值分解的鲁棒水印算法被提出。文章提出了一种易于实现的基于DWT-SVD的数字水印算法,算法中采用Arnold置乱加强水印图像的安全性。仿真实验表明,利用奇异值的稳定性和能量性嵌入水印可以保证水印的鲁棒性和不可见性。     

一种基于DWT与SVD的数字图像水印算法

利用小波变换和矩阵奇异值的固有特性,提出了一种基于小波变换和奇异值分解的数字图像水印算法.算法对原始载体图像进行小波变换和奇异值分解;对水印图像进行Arnold变换和奇异值分解;把分解后的水印信息嵌入到分解后的原始载体图像中,再进行相应的变换处理,得到嵌有水印的图像.实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的安全性和鲁棒性.     

多级DCT与遗传算法结合的鲁棒性水印算法

鲁棒性、嵌入容量和不可见性,常用来评价数字水印优劣。算法在多级DCT(离散余弦变换)基础上,使用了DWT(离散小波变换)和SVD(奇异值变换),使生成的水印具有很强的鲁棒性和更多的嵌入容量。对于原始水印的处理,使用了混沌置乱,使水印具有更好的安全性。在水印嵌入到奇异值矩阵时的嵌入系数方面,采用了遗传算法来实现对阈值的最优选取。实验结果表明,该算法具有很好的鲁棒性、嵌入容量和不可见性。     

一种离散余弦变换域抗同步攻击的音频水印算法

设计了一种抵抗同步攻击的音频水印方案。首先证 明音频均值是一个受TSM(time scale modification)操作稳定的特征量,然后利用音频均 值生成水印,并将其嵌入4级离散余弦变换(DCT)分解低频系数的统计 均值中。为避免同步攻击引起的水印同步结构连续偏移问题,提取水印过程中采用帧长不固 定的 可变帧长分帧方法;为实现水印的盲检测,水印的嵌入、提取通过量化的方法实现;为保证 水印的不可听性,利用信噪比(SNR)控制水印的嵌入强度。实验结果表明 ,提出的方法在抵抗常规信号处理操作的同时, 还能抵抗20%的TSM操作和1/10的抖动操作,具有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于QR码的Contourlet-SVD域全息水印算法

为了解决水印算法中存在水印隐藏程度和鲁棒性的失衡问题,在Contourlet-SVD域将QR(quick response)码与全息技术相联合,提出一种基于QR码的Contourlet-SVD域数字全息水印算法。首先,选择不同的载体图像执行3层Contourlet变换,鉴于低频系数的优势,对低频进行奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)联合变换;其次,选择“飞行学院”图像经过QR编码生成的QR码作为原始水印图像,对其进行共轭对称扩展傅里叶数字全息,得到QR码全息水印;再次,将全息水印叠加到SVD分解得到的奇异值中,完成水印信息的嵌入。通过仿真实验验证,该算法嵌入水印信息后的图像清晰度较好,峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)超过了31 dB,相似性系数NC(normalized correlation)值达到了0.989 0。将图像进行抵抗测试,提取的水印信息可以较清晰地辨别,尤其是椒盐噪声、高斯噪声和中通滤波攻击,NC值均达到0.90以上。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-