用于立体显示的人眼位置快速检测

人眼检测实自动人脸检测以及视线跟踪中非常重要的一项技术,它被用于智能人机交互、疲劳驾驶检测、安保以及诸多领域。在此提出了一种基于亮瞳效应的精确人眼实时检测算法。该方法使用主动红外光结构照明来产生亮瞳效应并产生候选点,然后利用连续Adaboost算法来对人眼进行确认,实验结果表明,对于640×480分辨率的连续视频,系统每帧的检测时间小于10ms,检测准确率较高。     

多模型ASM及其在人脸面部特征点定位中的应用

为了提高ASM在非均匀光照条件下的人脸面部特征点定位的精确度,提出了一种融合Log-Gabor小波特征的多模型ASM方法.该方法的主要特点有:在精确定位目标图像虹膜位置的基础上对全局形状模型进行较准确的初始化;特征点局部纹理特征采用灰度和Log-Gabor小波特征共同描述,减少光照和噪音对算法的影响;建立包括全局ASM和基于人脸面部显著特征区域的局部ASM的多模型ASM,交替使用这两种ASM模型在边缘约束策略基础上对特征点的定位结果进行约束.实验表明,多模型ASM算法对人脸面部特征点定位的准确率比传统ASM算法有明显提高.     

一种基于改进的AdaBoost、肤色和2DPCA的人脸检测方法

为了提高复杂背景下多人脸检测率以及人脸检测速度,提出了一种基于改进AdaBoost、肤色检测和二维主成分分析法（Two-dimensional Principal Component Analysis,2DPCA）的人脸检测方法.该方法首先利用金字塔结构快速检测人脸,得到人脸检测区域,然后利用肤色检测对待判人脸区域进行过滤,过滤误检的非人脸区域,最后根据人脸的几何位置进行人脸关键部位的2DPCA检测.仿真结果表明,该方法实现了复杂背景下多人脸图像快速检测和精确定位,有效降低了误检率,使检测结果更加精确.     

人脸检测跟踪与特征点定位系统

实现的人脸检测跟踪与特征点定位系统,基于VC++6.0开发平台,使用opencv作为开发工具,有效缩短了系统的开发时间。首先,本系统采用adaboost算法进行人脸检测,通过合理的特征模板的选择实现了人脸的实时检测;其次,人脸跟踪模块选用camshift算法,利用人脸检测模块生成的人脸坐标传递给跟踪模块,实现人脸的自动实时跟踪,同时建立多个camshift跟踪器对多人脸进行跟踪,并有效地解决了人脸遮挡的问题;最后,通过ASM(active shapemodel)算法实现了实时人脸特征点定位。实验结果表明该系统实现的人脸实时检测跟踪及特征点定位,效果明显,可以作为表情分析和情感计算、视频人脸识别开发的基础。     

彩色图像人脸特征点定位算法研究

本文提出了一种基于复合局部信息模型的改进Active Shape Model(ASM)算法,并进一步提出了基于人脸特征点Gabor小波特征降维分类的特征点搜索方法,对改进ASM的结果进行精确校正,达到鲁棒精确定位特征点的目的.本文首先对经过Adaboost检测的彩色图像人脸区域进行光照补偿,然后根据眼睛和唇色的色度特性定位双眼和嘴唇中心位置,从而得到较好的人脸特征点的初始位置.在特征点位置搜索中,本文结合肤色概率信息对ASM方法进行了改进,从而提高了仅基于灰度梯度信息的传统ASM方法的鲁棒性和准确性.最后选取改进ASM搜索后的某些特征点一定领域内梯度值较高的点,提取其Gabor小波特征,通过线性判别式分析法(Linear Discriminant Analysis)和最近邻分类法对其进行分类,搜寻最符合训练样本Gabor特征的点作为最佳位置点,修正了ASM的搜索结果,使得搜寻结果更加精确.     

基于视频的人脸验证

本文提出了一种基于视频的人脸验证方法.采用立体视觉方法初步将人脸区域与背景分割开,再根据多关联模板匹配方法精确定位人脸.对定位后的人脸区域抽取特征器官位置,再依此裁剪出人脸样本.从视频流中收集人脸样本,训练支持向量机(SVM)作为验证器.实验表明该方法在复杂的现场环境下是有效的、鲁棒的.     

基于动态轮廓的彩色多人脸检测

提出了一种复杂背景下的人脸轮廓提取算法,算法包括以下步骤:先基于肤色分割图像,确定肤色区域的边缘;然后,利用人脸模板投影去除不可能是人脸的区域;再用Snake算法获取平滑轮廓;再用惯量矩得到拟合椭圆;最后利用简单的人脸模板对人脸区域进行确认.其算法的主要目的是解决人脸轮廓边缘点的不连续性问题,提取精确的人脸轮廓用于人脸分割和人脸识别,在一定程度上去除了部分遮挡造成的假轮廓边缘点,实验结果证明了算法的有效性.     

基于分段多高斯和辐射模板的人脸检测

针对现有的人脸检测方法中,平面内人脸检测准确率比较低和旋转角度误差比较大,提出了一种结合肤色、器官区域特征和辐射模板的新方法.首先,该方法采用改进的分段多高斯方法,分割出肤色区域.然后,在肤色区域内,通过区域相似性、肤色区域阈值化和人脸器官的几何性质,得到嘴巴和眼睛器官区域和这些区域的中心点.最后用辐射模板直方图,求得三个波峰和波峰之间的距离,定位人脸和人脸的旋转角度.实验结果表明,该方法不需要在肤色区域内移动辐射模板中心点和改变辐射模板的半径,能够在误差10°以内快速定位人脸.     

一种采用混合高斯模型与贝叶斯判别的彩色图像人脸检测方法

介绍了一种采用混合高斯模型与贝叶斯判别的彩色人脸检测方法。该方法首先利用图像的彩色信息以及人脸的基本特征信息来进行人脸粗检测,得到图像中的多个候选人脸区域;然后对训练图像集中的全部候选人脸区域进行判别特征分析和混合高斯建模;最后采用贝叶斯判别方法对候选人脸区域进行判决,得到人脸检测结果。实验结果显示该方法具有较好的推广效率和工程应用前景。     

基于肤色模型与模板匹配的人脸检测探究

本文提出了一种基于肤色模型与模板匹配的人脸检测方法。基于YCbCr色彩空间的高斯概率模型,对肤色进行相似度计算和二值化分割,采用形态学对二值化后的图像去噪处理,随后又利用人脸先验知识进一步排除非人脸区域,最后结合人脸模板进行匹配,最终确定并标记出图像中人脸的位置。实验表明,该方法能够在复杂背景图像中较准确地检测出人脸。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.