载金炭高温高压无氰解吸电解工艺的应用

针对不同来源的载金炭采用高温高压无氰解吸电解工艺设备进行工业生产考察,单独添加NaOH作为解吸药剂,铜银含量低的载金炭金解吸率可以达到99.67%,铜银含量较高的载金炭,金解吸率只有95.77%。通过在解吸液中添加一种质量浓度为0.1%的新型解吸药剂,铜银含量较高的载金炭解吸率就可以从原来的95.77%提高到98.84%,取得较好的技术经济指标。     

低金高银铜载金炭无氰解吸剂的研发与应用

针对高温高压无氰解吸电解工艺处理低金高银铜载金炭过程中需添加NaCN,存在氰化物污染,金、银解吸率偏低等问题,研究开发了一种新型无氰解吸剂C。工业应用表明:在低金高银铜载金炭高温高压无氰解吸电解过程中,采用质量分数2%的NaOH和质量分数0. 10%的新型无氰解吸剂C作为组合添加剂,可杜绝氰化物的污染,提高金、银解吸率,金、银解吸率分别提高到98. 99%和97. 60%,相较单一添加NaOH,分别提高3. 85百分点和6. 13百分点,累计新增经济效益约271. 06万元,经济效益和社会效益显著。     

高铜载金炭脱铜技术研究进展

从活性炭吸附金机理和载金炭解吸机理出发,分析了载金炭中铜氰络合离子对贵液的吸附、载金炭解吸、电解过程的影响,并阐述了高铜载金炭中酸法、氰化法和氨法脱铜的机理、优缺点,以及其应用研究进展,为高铜载金炭脱铜提供借鉴。     

载金炭解吸率低原因及预防方法研究

在我国黄金冶炼工艺中,载金炭脱金解吸是其中一项关键环节。实践表明,部分地区的载金炭解吸工艺存在解吸率低的普遍问题,严重影响我国黄金产业的健康平稳发展。本文通过对云南某金矿载金炭解吸、电积工艺进行流程考查,从载金炭解吸基本工艺的研究入手,分析载金炭解吸率低的原因,并就提高载金炭解吸率的预防方法进行深入探索。     

高银铜铁钙载金炭高温高压解吸电解试验与实践

针对原矿成分复杂,全泥氰化炭浆工艺吸附后载金炭泥质重,银、铜、钙、铁等杂质品位高,高温高压解吸电解载金炭生产中解吸电解循环管道易结垢堵塞,金、银解吸率偏低,解吸时间长,金泥难冶炼等问题,进行了解吸电解工艺试验研究与生产实践。结果表明:在高铜、铁、钙载金炭高温高压解吸电解生产过程中,采用氢氧化钠质量分数2%,氰化钠质量分数0.25%,除垢剂0.2%的组合解吸药剂配液制度,解吸电解温度控制:一段125℃恒温5h,最高温度控制155℃,解吸流量控制在2.25倍炭床体积,贫炭酸洗率控制80%,可解决解吸管道易堵塞难题,解吸电解流量得到稳定保障,管道筛网拆换频次由原来的一天一拆换提高到15天一拆换;金解吸率由83.83%提高到87.15%,银解吸率由95.41%提高到98.37%;解吸电解时间由每柱19.15h缩短至16.67h。加快氰化金银吸附速率,氰化尾槽金银浓度实现科学控制,提升金、银综合回收率。     

矿山含铜氰废水资源化利用工艺研究

采用"活性炭吸附—解吸联合工艺"处理某矿山的含铜氰废水。吸附阶段考察了吸附液pH和吸附方式对含铜氰废水中铜吸附率的影响,解吸阶段考察了解吸方式、时间、解吸液的硫酸和双氧水浓度对含铜炭中铜解吸率的影响。结果表明,先将含铜氰废水pH调至8左右,然后在5级串联吸附条件下吸附1.5h,铜的吸附率均稳定在90%以上,吨炭铜含量为31.4kg;所得含铜炭采用淋滤解吸,并在解吸液的双氧水和硫酸浓度分别为2g/L和3%条件下解吸7h,铜解吸率为87.60%,整个工艺铜的直收率达78%以上。     

高银铜铁钙载金炭高温高压解吸电解试验与实践

针对原矿成分复杂,全泥氰化炭浆工艺吸附后载金炭泥质重,银、铜、钙、铁等杂质品位高,高温高压解吸电解载金炭生产中解吸电解循环管道易结垢堵塞,金、银解吸率偏低,解吸时间长,金泥难冶炼等问题,进行了解吸电解工艺试验研究与生产实践。结果表明:在高铜、铁、钙载金炭高温高压解吸电解生产过程中,采用氢氧化钠质量分数2%,氰化钠质量分数0.25%,除垢剂0.2%的组合解吸药剂配液制度,解吸电解温度控制:一段125℃恒温5h,最高温度控制155℃,解吸流量控制在2.25倍炭床体积,贫炭酸洗率控制80%,可解决解吸管道易堵塞难题,解吸电解流量得到稳定保障,管道筛网拆换频次由原来的一天一拆换提高到15天一拆换;金解吸率由83.83%提高到87.15%,银解吸率由95.41%提高到98.37%;解吸电解时间由每柱19.15h缩短至16.67h。加快氰化金银吸附速率,氰化尾槽金银浓度实现科学控制,提升金、银综合回收率。     

高温高压解吸工艺中炭强度变化的试验研究

采用高压釜模拟高温高压法进行从载金炭上解吸金的试验,并研究了解吸过程中解吸液NaOH质量分数、解吸时间、载金炭钙质量分数对炭强度的影响。其结果表明：解吸液中NaOH质量分数大于2％时对炭的强度影响较大;在保证金解吸率高于95％的前提下,解吸时间越短对炭强度衰减影响越小;载金炭钙质量分数低于2％时对解吸过程中炭强度的影响较小,当载金炭钙质量分数高于4％时对解吸过程中炭强度的影响较大。此研究对实际生产中减少解吸过程中炭的磨损、粉化具有一定指导意义。     

载金炭常压解吸化学提金工艺及其应用

主要介绍了载金炭常压解吸化学提金工艺和应用效果。载金炭经预处理后,在105℃、常压解吸金,解吸责液经化学沉淀生成海绵金。该工艺的应用实践表明,金解吸率可达99％以上,解吸贫炭金品位在80g／t以下。     

高温高压无氰解吸电解工艺在老挝某金矿应用实践

高温高压无氰解吸电解工艺在老挝某金矿应用实践表明,该工艺解吸电解率高,贫炭金品位低,现场载金炭平均金品位5 595.22g/t,贫炭平均金品位38.10g/t,解吸率达到99.32%,电解后贫液金品位平均0.063g/m~3,电解率达到99.99%。直接作业成本低,药剂材料和动力成本仅为每吨原矿0.69元。解吸液使用次数可达33次以上,且对解吸电解时间、解吸电解率影响不大。影响解吸电解时间的主要因素为电解槽中金泥量,载金炭金品位与解吸电解时间关系不大。     

高铜载金炭铁盐法脱铜试验研究

某高铜载金炭中金品位2. 58 kg/t,铜品位50. 85 kg/t。针对该载金炭中铜品位高,影响吸附作业的问题,采用铁盐法进行脱铜试验研究,并考察脱铜液再生利用的影响因素。结果表明:采用铁盐法脱铜工艺处理高铜载金炭,在液炭比9∶1,脱铜时间6 h,脱铜温度25℃,氯化铁用量6 kg/t,硫酸用量15 kg/t的条件下,脱铜率可达97. 52%,且金基本不被浸出;脱铜液采用萃取-反萃工艺处理,可实现铜的综合回收,萃余液通过空气氧化后返回脱铜作业循环利用,脱铜率可达到97. 46%。     

某金矿氰化贫液净化试验工艺参数研究

某金矿氰化提金过程产生的氰化贫液中总氰化合物质量浓度3 303.5 mg/L,硫氰酸盐质量浓度3 855.0 mg/L,铜质量浓度1 527.2 mg/L,试验确定了采用酸化吹脱-碱液吸收法去除影响选矿指标的铜离子并回收氰化物的可行性,优化了酸化吹脱法的工艺条件。在最佳试验条件下,氰化贫液中总氰化合物去除率达99.06%,铜去除率98.65%,氰化物回收率78.00%,处理后的溶液进行氰化浸出试验,效果较好,即返回液对氰化浸出过程无影响。     

A Review on Recovery of Copper and Cyanide From Waste Cyanide Solutions

The mainstream technology for leaching gold from gold ore is still leaching in aqueous alkaline cyanide solution. However, when copper minerals are present in the gold ore, high levels of free cyanide must be maintained during leaching because many common copper minerals react with cyanide, forming copper cyanide complexes that deplete the solution of free cyanide. This results in a significant economical penalty through excessive cyanide consumption and loss of valuable copper in tails. Environmental constraints controlling the discharge of cyanide from mining industry are being tightened by local governments worldwide. The solution chemistry of copper in cyanide solution and various technologies for the recovery of copper and cyanide from barren gold cyanide solutions were reviewed in the paper. Direct recovery methods are mainly based on the acidification–volatilization–reneutralization (AVR) process or its modifications. These processes are not very efficient for treating low cyanide solutions and high metal cyanide solutions due to their substantial operational cost. Indirect recovery technologies by activated carbon, ion-exchange resins (IX) and solvent extraction (SX) have been extensively studied. The basic principle of these technologies is to pre-concentrate copper (and part of cyanide) into a small volume of eluant or stripping solution. The copper and cyanide in the resulted solutions can be further recovered by AVR or similar processes or by the electrowinning process. Activated carbon is only suitable for use as a polishing process to remove cyanide to lower levels from those cyanide solutions where the cyanide content is already low. Compared to activated carbon, ion exchange resins are less easily poisoned by organic matter and can usually be eluted at room temperature, and selectivity for particular metals can be achieved by the choice of the functional group incorporated into the bead or by the selective elution process. Solvent extraction process developed base on guanidine and modified quaternary amines exhibit relative fast extraction kinetics and can be operated in a continuous manner. It will be necessary to thicken and wash the solids in order to produce a clarified feed solution while treating the slurry from operations using carbon-in-pulp (CIP) for the recovery of gold. Other copper and cyanide recovery technologies such as biosorption or direct electrowinning were also proposed, but they have still not found their way to practical application.     

高铜载金炭酸法催化氧化脱铜技术研究

在酸性溶液中加入氧化剂从高铜载金炭上酸催化氧化脱铜的研究结果表明,在液炭比为6~12,脱铜时间为12 h,温度为25 ℃,酸浓度为3%,振荡强度为140次/min的条件下可获得较好的脱铜效果,脱铜率达到85%以上,而金基本不被浸出,可较好地实现铜、金分离,且对钙也有很好的脱除效果。脱铜液经多次循环后采用萃取回收铜后再循环利用。该法解决了高铜载金炭对后续解吸—电积工艺的影响。该工艺流程短,投资少,效益好,污染少,实用性强,有价金属综合利用程度高,基本达到了清洁生产、环境友好、节能减排和循环利用的绿色冶金目的,具有较好的应用价值。     

黄金冶炼废水铜的萃取回收

采用萃取工艺从黄金冶炼废水中回收铜,考查了萃取剂浓度、相比O/A、混合时间、pH值等因素对铜萃取率的影响,获得优化工艺条件:萃取剂浓度为20%,相比O/A=2:1,混合时间为3 min,pH值1.5～2。在优化工艺条件下开展了工业试验,铜萃取率可达95%以上,反萃液铜离子浓度可达到36 g/L以上,满足铜电积工序要求,实现了铜的高效回收。     

Elution of gold from carbon by the micron solvent distillation procedure

The desorption of gold from activated carbon is promoted by adding organic solvents to aqueous cyanide solutions. At 65–80°C the elution of gold is fast and is not affected by water quality. The Micron procedure involves pretreatment of the loaded carbon with NaCN/NaOH followed by elution with methanol vapour and condensate. Carbon is packed into a column above the distillation pot and acts as a fractionating column. Recovery of the methanol condensate leaves a methanol-free concentrated gold solution and carbon containing less than 200 g t^?1 gold suitable for recycling.Aqueous acetonitrile and ethanol are equally effective solvents and desorb gold from carbon slightly faster than methanol. Results of laboratory and pilot testwork using methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile are described. Typically, gold is stripped from the carbon in 4–6 hours in 1 bed volume of solution to give concentrated gold eluates. The carbon retains a high kinetic activity after solvent stripping which is slightly better than that after stripping by the Anglo or Zadra procedures.A cost evaluation indicates that the Micron procedure is cheaper than the Zadra procedure due to significant time and energy savings. It is suited to operations requiring regular and rapid carbon stripping and recycling.     

某金矿选厂含铜浮选尾矿氰化吸附试验研究

在保持某选厂原有工艺流程及设备不变的条件下,对含铜浮选尾矿氰化吸附进行试验研究。通过不同炭密度条件下的标准炭浸试验结果,绘制吸附平衡等温线计算理论底炭量。通过炭浸吸附试验,模拟因回水方式导致溶液中不同铜浓度对金、铜浸出及吸附的影响。结果表明,只要溶液中铜的含量不太高, 同时能保持足够的自由CN^-,则即使不将吸附贫液除铜,使用活性炭吸附也可以获得良好的金吸附结果。高铜载金炭先脱除铜后再进入解吸、电积工序。研究结果为工业应用提供了试验依据。     

镍铁合金中杂质元素铜的去除

 镍铁合金是生产不锈钢的重要原料,其中的杂质元素必须严格控制,杂质元素铜质量分数过高会引起加工热脆性,通过加入脱铜剂FeS对镍铁合金中杂质元素铜的去除进行了系统研究。研究结果表明,脱铜率随着FeS加入量的增加而增大;镍铁合金中碳质量分数在增大至1%的过程中,脱铜率随着碳质量分数增加不断增大;镍铁合金初始铜质量分数越高,脱铜效果越好;在试验温度高于1 500 ℃的高温条件下,温度的升高对脱铜效果有影响但效果不显著。     

载金炭解吸率低原因分析及预防措施

对脱金炭制成的薄片和光片进行镜下观测分析发现,碳酸盐对炭部分区域覆盖包裹和金粒镶嵌在炭孔隙中是使循环用活性炭活性下降、吸附金能力降低、载金炭解吸率低的主要原因.通过加强生产技术管理,采取相关措施,减少或避免碳酸盐包裹的生成及杂质进入活性炭,防止微细金粒夹带到解吸液进入活性炭孔隙,可有效改善循环使用活性炭的吸附金活性及提...