工程机械用低碳贝氏体钢Q550的性能与组织分析

介绍了韶钢的Q550高强度工程机械用钢的生产情况,采用低碳,Nb、V、Ti、Mo等微合金化的成分设计,结合控轧控冷、离线回火工艺生产了厚度达到30 mm的Q550钢板,钢板的力学性能满足交货需要。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜分析了钢板的组织情况,并使用透射电镜结合能谱仪分析了钢板的析出相情况,分析结果表明Q550钢板的回火组织为粒状贝氏体、针状铁素体以及少量多边形铁素体,晶粒细小、均匀,析出相主要是Nb、Ti的碳氮化物,V、Cr对Q550的析出强化没有贡献。     

微合金成分对低碳贝氏体钢强度的影响

采用不同V、Cr含量,结合Nb、Ti、Mo等微合金化的成分设计,控轧控冷、离线回火工艺生产了30 mm厚度规格的低碳贝氏体钢板,钢板的组织为粒状贝氏体、少量针状铁素体以及少量多边形铁素体,钢板的力学性能满足交货需要.使用透射电镜结合能谱仪分析了钢板的析出相情况,结果表明钢板的析出相主要是Nb、Ti的碳氮化物,析出相含有微乎其微的V,而没有Cr;Nb、Ti通过析出对钢板起到析出强化作用,V、Cr在钢中起固溶强化作用,对强度贡献较小.     

硼对Q690D钢CCT曲线的影响

利用Formastor-F全自动相变仪测定了不同硼含量Q690D钢的临界点Ac1、Ac3,并绘制Q690D钢的连续冷却转变曲线。结果表明:硼的加入,使Q690D钢的Ac3、Ac1略有提高,使Ms点及Bs点有所降低,使Q690D钢的临界冷速降低,淬透性明显提高。硼对Q690D钢先共析铁素体转变及贝氏体转变均有不同程度的推迟作用,抑制了先共析铁素体的析出,在很宽的冷速范围可以得到完全的贝氏体组织。     

轧后冷却工艺对铌钛微合金化低碳贝氏体钢组织性能的影响

利用金相显微镜、SEM、TEM方法研究了轧后冷却制度对铌钛微合金化低碳贝氏体钢微观组织结构、第二相析出及力学性能的影响.结果表明:轧后空冷(弛豫)至一定温度后加速冷却获得铁素体/贝氏体双相组织;随轧后空冷终止温度降低,铁素体含量增加,晶粒尺寸越大,第二相析出尺寸也有长大趋势,贝氏体形态发生改变,贝氏体板条边界和取向越不明显,位错密度降低,M/A形态也发生一定变化;力学性能表现为强度降低,屈强比和韧塑性得到改善.当轧后空冷终止温度在725～740℃,然后以15℃/s的冷却速度冷却至440℃,可以获得良好的综合力学性能,性能满足标准GB/T 1591中Q690要求.     

罩式退火铌微合金化汽车钢的强化机理

 通过比较相同冷轧与罩式退火工艺下Mn-Si系和铌微合金化2种汽车用低合金高强钢的显微组织与力学性能,研究微量铌在冷轧罩式退火低合金高强钢中的强化机理。利用OM、SEM、TEM和拉伸试验机分别对2种钢的显微组织与力学性能进行了表征。对比分析表明：相对热轧板来说,2种钢冷轧退火板的铁素体晶粒和第二相析出物的尺寸都有所长大,导致了强度降低。相对Mn-Si钢而言,铌微合金化钢热轧板和冷轧退火板中的铁素体晶粒和第二相析出物尺寸更细小,细小第二相析出物的数量也更多,在相同的伸长率水平下明显提高了强度。冷轧罩式退火板的强化机理分析表明,铌微合金化低合金高强钢的主要强化方式是细晶强化和NbC的沉淀强化;研究认为添加质量分数为0.025%的铌时细晶强化更强烈。     

钒对低钼耐火钢组织及性能的影响

采用扫描、透射电镜对不同钒含量的低钼耐火钢的组织进行分析,确定出热轧状态的组织为先共析铁素体、粒状组织/粒状贝氏体.同时还发现V的析出物在热轧钢中主要固溶于铁素体基体内,600 ℃重新加热时以细小的V(C,N)弥散析出,从而起到高温析出强化的作用.     

调质工艺对汽车大梁钢700L组织性能的影响

摘 要: 通过金属摆锤冲击和显微硬度试验,采用OM、SEM、TEM等表征手段,研究了不同调质工艺对700L汽车大梁钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度的提高,粒状贝氏体(GB)组织有所减少,板条状贝氏体铁素体(BF)数量逐渐变多,板条宽度增加,铁素体基体及边界上的白色析出物数量增多;随着回火温度的提高,块状铁素体有所长大,马奥岛组织和残余奥氏体分解现象明显,且出现了数量较少的等轴状铁素体,回火析出物数量增多,回火温度超过600 ℃后粒子出现粗化长大现象。低温冲击功在不同淬火与回火条件下均表现为上下波动的状态,这主要与第二相粒子及基体组织规律性的变化有关;试验钢在经600 ℃回火后具有最佳低温冲击韧性,其主要原因是钢基体中存在数量较多的具有高密度位错的贝氏体铁素体(BF)与尺寸合适、分布均匀的第二相纳米粒子。     

钛微合金化高强钢的组织性能及强化机制

 为了掌握钛微合金化高强钢的组织性能、第二相粒子特性和析出规律以及强化机制，采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、拉伸试验机等设备并结合热力学计算，对高强度汽车车厢板进行了系统研究。研究结果表明，试验钢的显微组织类型主要为多边形铁素体+针状铁素体+少量索氏体，平均有效晶粒尺寸约为3.5 μm。钢中存在大量的球形TiC和少量的不规则形状Ti4C2S2及方形TiN析出物，析出顺序为TiN→Ti4C2S2→TiC。第二相析出物以TiC的沉淀强化效果最为显著，TiN和Ti4C2S2的沉淀强化效果十分微弱。试验钢中所有强化方式对试验钢的强度贡献大小顺序为细晶强化＞沉淀强化＞位错强化＞固溶强化＞晶格点阵强化，其中细晶强化和沉淀强化的强化效果最为显著，对屈服强度的贡献超过50%。     

钛微合金高强钢控轧控冷工艺研究

采用金相显微镜、电子显微镜等手段研究控轧控冷工艺对Ti微合金化高强钢的组织和性能的影响。结果表明:在低温终轧(800℃)、600℃保温1 h的试验钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度最高,分别为670.7 MPa和752 MPa。高温终轧(1 030℃)的试验钢组织主要为准多边形铁素体、针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体,组织粗大;低温终轧(800℃)的组织主要为多边形铁素体,晶粒较细小。在600℃保温1 h的试验钢中存在大量的纳米尺寸TiC粒子,沉淀强化效果明显,未在600℃保温1 h的试验钢中,TiC的析出受到限制,沉淀强化效果明显减弱。     

遇火强化型耐火钢Q420FRE的物理冶金原理与力学性能

 根据微合金纳米第二相在加热升温过程中的析出特点,充分发挥微合金第二相的强化作用,提出了遇火强化型耐火钢技术新思路。与传统耐火钢相比,通过降低钼含量,可以降低钢材成本。遇火强化型耐火钢的生产工艺路径为热轧＋快速冷却,抑制微合金纳米第二相在热轧板冷却过程中析出的同时,获得中低温转变组织。工业试制Nb-V-Ti-Mo复合微合金化遇火强化型耐火钢Q420FRE组织类型为细小的粒状贝氏体,力学性能满足耐火钢标准GB/T 28415—2012的要求,其中室温伸长率和－40 ℃低温冲击韧性优异。经计算,工业试制的遇火强化型耐火钢Q420FRE在600～700 ℃下的纳米MC相沉淀强化增量超过50 MPa。模拟测试表明,工业试制Q420FRE的耐火极限温度接近650 ℃,600 ℃高温回火3 h不失效,空冷至室温后屈服强度上升,具有二次耐火性。     

Acceleration of Electricity Reform Brings Benefit to Big Electricity Users,Aluminum Manufacturers Can Save Costs Up to Several Hundred Million

<正>Recently the National Commission of Development and Reform again assembled experts to solicit opinions,and discussed new electricity reform program.According to information disclosed by experts attending the meeting,in the future electricity reform will undergo top-down design,possibly a     

Qinghai's Aluminum Processing Capacity to Rise at the End of the Year

正Since the release of Implementation Opinions on Carrying out‘Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Resolving Serious Production Overcapacity Conflicts’,according to the actual situation of industry,Qinghai has focused on electrolytic aluminum,cement,ironsteel(including iron alloy and silicon carbide),     

Recent Trends in China's Copper Scrap Market-Part Ⅱ

<正>2.Tianjin Scrap Metal Market In Tianjin,we mainly visited Jinghai Ziy Town scrap market and Binhai New Area’some copper scrap enterprises and enterprise using copper scrap.In Ziya we felt the coppe scrap market was particularly deserted,mos copper scrap enterprises in the town wer closed,industry insiders said in 2012 the plac here was bustling with activity.According to     

Shanghai Clearing House to Roll out Renminbi-denominated Copper Clearing Operations in Free Trade Zone

正Clearing House Financial Markets Co.,Ltd.(Shanghai Clearing House)General Manager Xie Zhong told the media recently at the briefing of the international symposium of"Reform Deepening and Mechanism Innovation of the Post-crisis Kerb Market",Shanghai Clearing House will explore the feasibility of carrying out bond business in     

Development and Application of New Materials for Copper Processing in China

正After over 60 years of developmnt,a system for RD and production of copper processing materials has already taken shape in China.After the reform and opening-up,the application of copper processing materials has gradually expanded from the military industry to civil field.The annual output of copper     

China’s Mineral Exploration Market Downturn Causes Decline of Investment in Bauxite

<正>According to a survey report conducted recently by China Geological Survey Development Research Center,in the first half of 2014,China’s mineral exploration market continued to decline,with the investment in exploration of non-fuel minerals dropping by13.7%and drilling workload dropping by21.7%.According to statistical analysis of the Center,     

Fabricated Copper Production by Province or City in 2014

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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China's Aluminum Alloy Cable Market has Taken Shape

正Aluminum alloy cable is a mature product and technology that has been used for nearly fifty years in the U.S.Through six years’promotion,it has been widely recognized and accepted in the China market since 2013,which laid the foundation for the development of the aluminum alloy cable market.Aluminum alloy cable is widely applied in the fields of civil construction and industrial and mining enterprises,especially in real estate,steel and metallurgy.     

Qinghai to Build a 100 Billion Yuan Lithium Industry Base

正At 2014 China Qinghai Trade Fair for Green Development Investment,Qinghai EV Rally2014 was introduced for the first time.With electrical vehicles’eco-friendly features,Qinghai manifested its determination on green development.Introducing Qinghai EV Rally was just a signal.By leveraging its rich salt lake resources