碳化硅在高炉铁沟料中的实验及应用

高炉铁水沟浇注料的抗渣性及耐冲刷性是延长铁水沟使用寿命的重要手段。以刚玉、Si C、α-Al2O3微粉和球状沥青为主要原料,制备了铁水沟浇注料,主要研究碳化硅对浇注料物理性能,尤其是抗渣性的影响。结果表明:在碳化硅加入量不变的情况下,粒度越小,材料的抗氧化性能和烧后强度均提高,认为320目的碳化硅较为合适;粒度相同时,碳化硅加入量不同对材料性能产生影响,认为加入10%的碳化硅能够得到适宜的物理性能和良好的抗渣性能。     

高效钠化膨润土的球团试验与生产

试验室试验及工业生产结果表明，不同钙基膨润土的钠化效果差别很大，可分为高效钠化膨润土、强制钠化膨润土和弱钠化膨润土。添加高效钠化膨润土，能明显改善造球效果，提高生球抗爆裂性能，球团质量及品位亦得到提高；强制钠化膨润土虽能改善造球效果，但生球抗爆裂性能差，易造成炉况不顺，导致球团矿质量下降。     

反射炉用高铝碳化硅不烧砖的试验与应用研究

反射炉采用高铝碳化硅不烧砖,使用寿命有较大的提高。高铝碳化硅不烧砖具有良好的耐高温性和耐冲刷性,具有良好的热震稳定性和烧后产生微膨胀性能,并且生产工艺简单,可降低成本、节约能耗、提高效率、提高效益、扩大使用范围。     

大型预焙铝电解槽使用碳化硅砖与普通碳砖复合块的探讨

碳化硅砖和碳化硅砖与普通碳砖复合侧块，在上世纪末期我国铝电解槽上开始推广应用。使用后各厂家普遍发现碳化硅砖及碳化硅砖与普通碳块复合侧块均出现不同程度的断裂、上抬和脱落现象，该文对断裂、上抬和脱落原因进行了分析，并提出了改进措施。     

仲钨酸铵中钠,钾析出条件及机理研究

以现代化学结晶理论为依据,研究了APT结晶过程中钠、钾的析出规律。结果表明,提高钨酸铵溶液起始WO_3浓度、降低APT结晶率、提高结晶温度和缩短时间,降低搅拌强度均能不同程度地降低钠,钾含量。降低结晶器比面积能较大程度地降低APT中钾含量。洗涤对减少钠含量较有效。试验条件下测得钾的有效分配比C_s/C_l=0.18～0.55,钠的有效分配比C_s/C_l=0.016～0.059。     

Si_3N_4-SiC复相陶瓷材料的制备及性能研究

以薄带连铸用陶瓷侧封板为研究对象,探讨了以氮化硅和碳化硅为主要原料,采用陶瓷制备工艺,烧成中进行埋粉处理,制备了试验用Si_3N_4-SiC复相陶瓷样品,并对烧成样品的抗折强度、抗热震性能以及组成和结构进行了测试和分析。结果表明,最佳试样中氮化硅质量分数为50%,碳化硅质量分数为30%,1 480℃进行烧成,室温抗折强度为53.20 MPa,经30次热震后抗折强度增加65.15%。样品内部主要为碳化硅、氮化硅及莫来石相,样品显微结构显示其内部孔隙较多,主要以玻璃相和莫来石相为结合相。     

添加氮化硅对莫来石碳化硅材料性能的影响

以莫来石、红柱石为主要原料,加入不同含量的氮化硅、碳化硅细粉,探讨了添加氮化硅对莫来石碳化硅材料性能的影响。结果表明:在1 450℃下制备的材料的显气孔率基本维持在15%左右,体积密度在2.45 g/cm~3左右,烧后线变化率相差不大,高温抗折强度和荷重软化温度也分别能够达到29.8 MPa和1 560℃,都表现出了较高的水准,且基本不受氮化硅加入量的影响;添加氮化硅能够提高材料的抗热震性能,但材料的常温耐压强度随着氮化硅含量的增加呈降低趋势;材料在烧结过程中,氮化硅和碳化硅均发生了氧化并在材料表面形成一层黄褐色氧化产物,其主要为玻璃相;在材料的截面出现致密层,且致密层的厚度随着氮化硅含量的增加而减小。     

莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷的制备及抗压强度研究

以碳化硅微粉作为原料,并选用Al2O3、高岭土和Mg O作为烧结助剂,同时选用羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和可溶性淀粉作为添加剂,通过有机泡沫浸渍法制备出莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷材料。研究了不同原料组成、不同烧结温度等工艺参数对所制备的莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷物相组成、微观结构的影响,同时对莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷的孔隙率、力学性能进行了测试。研究结果表明:莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷的微观结构控制主要受碳化硅含量的影响,随着碳化硅含量的增加,莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷的孔隙率有明显的降低,但抗压强度随之提高;随着烧结温度的提高,孔棱的致密度增加,抗压强度亦显著提高;莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷的最佳烧结温度为1600℃,陶瓷粉料中最佳的Si C含量为35%。在1600℃烧结温度下,碳化硅的含量为35%时,获得了孔隙率为76.19%和抗压强度为4.63 MPa的莫来石/碳化硅复相泡沫陶瓷。     

原料种类对氮化物结合碳化硅砖用泥浆性能的影响

以碳化硅、氮化硅和氮化硅结合碳化硅废砖为主要原料,以树脂为结合剂,对比研究了原料种类对氮化物结合碳化硅砖用泥浆性能的影响.结果表明:以合成原料制作的泥浆的锥入度随时间延长衰减较小,以废砖粉为原料的泥浆的锥入度随时间延长大幅衰减,且不稳定;三组泥浆180℃烘干试样的抗折粘结强度接近,约为22 MPa.但经中高温热处理后的...     

2500m~3高炉出铁沟热套浇浇注料的研制

以刚玉、碳化硅、氧化铝微粉、二氧化硅微粉、球状沥青等为原料,研究了不同的SiC加入量对出铁沟浇注料性能的影响。结果表明,SiC加入量越多,浇注料的抗渣性能越好,但是加入过多的SiC会导致浇注料的显气孔率升高,常温抗折强度、常温耐压强度和高温抗折强度下降。当SiC含量为18%时,出铁沟渣、铁线位的侵蚀速率基本相当,也为套浇创造条件。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定

对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定，建立了不确定度计算的数学模型，确定了影响实验结果的各项因素，计算出了各因素的标准不确定度，得出结果的扩展不确定度，并给出最终测量结果的表达式。     

Concept of freedom of infection of animal flocks

Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.