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由于高氮钢特殊的优异综合性能,使其在许多领域得到了应用。本文从压力、合金成分、温度三方面研究了影响氮在液态铁合金中溶解度的热力学因素。发现在设计了合适的合金钢成分后,增大系统的氮气分压可以明显地提高氮的溶解度,同时提出了利用铬当量法预测铁合金中氮溶解度的理论方法,从而为我国高氮钢的大规模生产提供理论依据。 相似文献
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利用真空反应釜冶炼Cr12N高氮钢,在冶炼过程中通过改变冶炼温度、压力、底吹时间、底吹气量等条件,研究Cr12N高氮钢中氮含量。试验结果表明:当温度从1 560℃上升到1 620℃时,Cr12N高氮钢中N含量从0.37%迅速下降至0.34%;压力从1.1 MPa升至1.6 MPa时,钢水中的N含量从0.31%增加到0.39%,涨幅达25.8%。由于压力较高,钢液中的N含量与氮分压之间呈非线性关系,与Sievert定律存在一定的偏离;底吹时间在5~15 min范围内时,Cr12N高氮钢中N含量随着底吹时间的增加而增加,当底吹时间大于15 min时,Cr12N高氮钢中N含量趋于饱和;底吹流量在0.16~0.18 m3/h范围内,随着底吹流量的增加,Cr12N高氮钢中N含量呈显著上升的趋势,当底吹量达到0.18 m3/h时钢中N含量达到最大值,此后随底吹量的增大,钢中N含量开始降低。 相似文献
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采用当量法对高氮钢钢液中的氮含量进行了推导,并用304不锈钢和316不锈钢的有关试验数据进行了验证,确定当量法可以进行高氮钢液氮溶解度的估算。随着合金含量的提高,氮在钢液中的溶解度会逐渐偏离Sieverts定律。通过热力学分析,得出了6Cr21Mn10MoVNbN气阀钢钢液中氮溶解度的估算公式。 相似文献
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氮作为合金元素使用,它在钢种中的含量受钢中其它合金元素种类及含量的影响。在钢液中,它的溶解度是随温度升高而升高的,而溶剂发生改变时,又有所变化,对此种情况本文从理论上进行了分析和解释。因此,对于氮的回收与去除,在冶炼时要考虑氮在钢中最大溶解度与实际含量之间的差距。去除氮时还多了一条路就是可以采用除氮化物“夹杂”的方法。因此,建议在选择操作方法时,应考虑氮在钢中的溶解与去除。 相似文献
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高氮钢的基础研究及应用进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了高氮钢结构特点的最新研究,高氮钢平衡相图的进展及其在高氮钢成分设计方面的应用;概括了氮在钢液中的溶解度公式和高氮钢熔炼过程中的关键问题;分析了氮在奥氏体钢、铁素体钢和双相不锈钢中的作用,即氮在不牺牲强度的同时不仅提高了钢的韧性,且改善了钢的抗腐蚀性能;并列举了一些典型的高氮钢的用途。 相似文献
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为了寻求高效、经济的高氮钢生产工艺,用等离子旋转电极工艺(PREP)生产高氮钢并测试了所生产的几种典型高氮钢的性能。结果表明,氮可显著地提高奥氏体不锈钢1.4301的室温及高温强度;氮可以提高马氏体不锈钢的强度。为保证高氮马氏体不锈钢的淬透性,应根据氮含量适当降低其碳含量或提高铬含量。对于铬含量为17%的马氏体不锈钢1.4122,其碳和氮的总含量不应超过0.65%;当氮含量达到0.24%时,铁素体不锈钢1.4016转变成为马氏体钢,其强度高于碳和氮的总含量与其相当的普通马氏体不锈钢1.4122。 相似文献
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A simple and feasible method for the production of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels involves nitrogen gas alloying and adding nitrided ferroalloys under normal atmospheric conditions. Alloying by nitrogen gas bubbling in Fe Cr Mn Mo series alloys was carried out in MoSi2 resistance furnace and air induction furnace under normal atmospheric conditions. The results showed that nitrogen alloying could be accelerated by increasing nitrogen gas flow rate, prolonging residence time of bubbles, increasing gas/molten steel interfaces, and decreasing the sulphur and oxygen contents in molten steel. Nitrogen content of 069% in 18Cr18Mn was obtained using air induction furnace by bubbling of nitrogen gas from porous plug. In addition, the nickel free, high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels with sound and compact macrostructure had been produced in the laboratory using vacuum induction furnace and electroslag remelting furnace under nitrogen atmosphere by the addition of nitrided alloy with the maximum nitrogen content of 081%. Pores were observed in the ingots obtained by melting and casting in vacuum induction furnace with the addition of nitrided ferroalloys and under nitrogen atmosphere. After electroslag remelting of the cast ingots, they were all sound and were free of pores. The yield of nitrogen increased with the decrease of melting rate in the ESR process. Due to electroslag remelting under nitrogen atmosphere and the consequential addition of aluminum as deoxidizer to the slag, the loss of manganese decreased obviously. There existed mainly irregular Al2O3 inclusions and MnS inclusions in ESR ingots, and the size of most of the inclusions was less than 5 μm. After homogenization of the hot rolled plate at 1 150 ℃×1 h followed by water quenching, the microstructure consisted of homogeneous austenite. 相似文献
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Saeed N. Ghali 《国际钢铁研究》2013,84(5):450-456
This article aims to investigate the effect of soluble and insoluble nitrogen on mechanical properties of stainless steels. Reference steel contains about 14.42%Ni and 0.012%N. Two developed steels have the same base chemical composition of the reference steel except Ni and N contents. One of the developed steels has 6.54%Ni and 0.232%N and the other has 0.452%N and nearly nickel free (0.089%Ni). The produced steels were forged, heat‐treated, and tempered. The microstructure of steels was mainly austenite, and grain size decreases as nitrogen content – especially nitrides‐increases. Yield and ultimate tensile strength of reference steel are less than that of steels containing nitrogen. Strengthening mechanisms contribution to the strength of both soluble and insoluble nitrogen had been analyzed. 相似文献
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在高温高压反应釜内冶炼Cr12N高氮钢,通过试验发现,在Cr12N的熔炼过程中,随着压力的提高,钢中的氮含量不断增加,钢锭中得到的固相中氮的饱和溶解度和Chipman等人的热力学模型计算得到的氮的饱和溶解度有一定的偏差,为了修正这个偏差,引进了Burton-Prim-Slichter方程,修正后得到液相中氮的饱和溶解度的修正值和计算值吻合得很好。计算了在Cr12N的冶炼过程中,防止气泡析出所需要的最小凝固压力为2.84 MPa,通过试验发现,在高的凝固压力下,钢锭的致密性和缩孔现象得到明显改善。 相似文献