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TiN是铁素体不锈钢有效的异质形核剂,但钢中大尺寸的TiN颗粒会对不锈钢板材表面质量带来不利影响。为此,提出依靠镁钛复合处理来细化TiN颗粒及控制宏观晶粒的方法。通过良好气氛保护的电阻炉试验,研究了添加Mg和Ti元素对于铁素体不锈钢宏观铸态组织和TiN颗粒细化效果的影响规律,并对其细化机理进行了详细分析。经研究得知,向铁素体不锈钢中添加了微量Mg和Ti元素后试样宏观等轴晶比例由37%提高至50%,TiN颗粒平均尺寸由处理前的5μm细化至2μm。镁钛复合处理后,钢液中形成的MgO和MgAl2O4与TiN之间的晶格错配度很低,分别为1.14和5.29,均属于有效形核范围,可以成为TiN异质形核核心,促进在晶内均匀析出更多的TiN。同时基于TiN与铁素体相之间的良好的晶格匹配关系,其进一步促进了δ-Fe形核,从而有效细化了铁素体宏观组织,这将有利于提高铁素体不锈钢力学性能和表面质量。 相似文献
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在430铁素体不锈钢成分体系基础上,研究了成分的变化对430铁素体不锈钢凝固结构的影响。经试验发现,含碳量的变化显著影响430铁素体不锈钢的凝固组织,含碳量越高,铸锭中的等轴晶比率越大;而Ti元素的加入,虽然有利于430铁素体不锈钢铸锭中等轴晶的形成,但需要保证TiN在钢的液相线附近析出,促进钢的异质形核,从而优化钢的凝固结构。 相似文献
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围绕含Ti不锈钢冶金工艺的研究进展,从冶金物理化学基础、氧化物和TiN夹杂的形成与控制、凝固过程TiN复合核心和Ti元素对不锈钢铸件力学性能的影响等方面进行了总结和讨论。主要的研究进展为:含Ti不锈钢在冶炼过程生成的Al2O3、镁铝尖晶石、(MgO?Al2O3)rich?CaO?TiOx等高熔点氧化物夹杂是导致含钛不锈钢连铸水口堵塞的主要原因;优化的Al、Ca、Ti的添加方式和炉渣控制工艺是夹杂物减少和低熔点化的重要手段;TiN夹杂的析出、扩散长大和碰撞聚合的基本规律是关注的热点,钢液中大尺寸氧化物夹杂会促进TiN团簇的形成;通过严格控制凝固过程TiN或氧化物-TiN复合核心能够促进δ-Fe异质形核,提高连铸坯等轴晶率;固溶Ti元素能提高奥氏体或双相不锈钢中铁素体含量,提升不锈钢铸件的拉伸性能。 相似文献
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Al、Ti处理对低合金钢焊接粗晶区组织的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了Al、Ti处理对低合金钢焊接粗晶区组织的影响.研究发现:用Al处理时,钢中形成的夹杂物为Al的氧化物和细小的TiN.Al的氧化物和TiN不能促进晶内铁素体的形成,焊接粗晶区主要由粗大的晶界铁素体和平行排列的侧板条铁素体组成.用Ti处理时,钢中形成大量的Al、Ti、Mg、Ca复合氧化物夹杂,其颗粒大小为0.5~3.0 μm,同时还有一定量细小的Ti的氮化物.复合Ti的氧化物具有促进晶内针状铁素体形核的能力,焊接粗晶区主要由晶界铁素体、少量的侧板条铁素体和大量的晶内针状铁素体组成.随焊接热循环高温保温时间增长,晶界铁素体粗大,侧板条铁素体数量减少.相变区的冷却速度减慢,晶界铁素体数量增多,针状铁素体的尺寸显著增大. 相似文献
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《钢铁研究学报》2017,(12)
采用扫描电镜/能谱仪表征高强度结构钢中夹杂物的特征,考察了钛合金化及钙处理对钢中夹杂物组成的影响,探讨了氧化物对TiN析出行为及其对微观组织的影响。结果表明,钛合金化后钢中的夹杂物多为球形或多边形的Al-Ti-Mg-O系,钙处理能有效球化钢中的夹杂物和还原夹杂物中的TiOx,还原的Ti逐渐向夹杂物表层扩散积聚,促进了TiN在复合氧化物表面局部析出。钢中细小氧化物及氮化物的数量随Ti含量增加而增加,因此,钙处理较高Ti含量钢有助于促进细小的复合氧化物+TiN夹杂物的形成,并延迟凝固过程中TiN均质形核时间,细化TiN颗粒的尺寸。2~3μm的TiN不仅能诱导多边形铁素体析出,也能诱导针状铁素体析出。TiN及MnS在复合氧化物表面局部析出有助于互锁的针状铁素体诱导析出。 相似文献
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Ti、Zr的复合氧化物可以有效诱导针状铁素体形核,从而细化晶粒。为了研究Ti–Zr处理钢中针状铁素体转变机理,使用25 kg真空感应炉中熔炼试验所需钢种,向低合金钢中添加了质量分数为0.038%钛和0.008%锆。利用高温激光共聚焦显微镜原位观察了奥氏体化温度对针状铁素体转变行为的变化,使用扫描电镜观察了Ti–Zr处理钢种的夹杂物成分和针状铁素体在夹杂物表面形核,使用光学显微镜观察不同奥氏体化温度下的微观组织变化差异。结果表明,随着奥氏体化温度从1250 ℃增加至1400 ℃,奥氏体晶粒尺寸从125.6 μm 增加至279.8 μm,针状铁素体开始转变温度和侧板条铁素体开始转变温度先增加,在1350 ℃条件下达到最大值,后又降低,针状铁素体的体积分数由39.6%增加至83.6%;Ti–Zr处理钢中核心为Zr–Ti–O,外部为Al–Ti–Zr–O的氧化物为核心表面析出MnS的复合氧化物主要集中在1.5~3 μm,可以有效促进针状铁素体形核,贫Mn区和夹杂物与铁素体之间的良好晶格关系为该型夹杂物能够促进针状铁素体形核机理。奥氏体晶粒尺寸的增加导致多边形铁素形核位点的减少和针状铁素体的形核空间的增加,钛锆复合处理形成大量的有效诱发针状铁素体形核的夹杂物,这共同导致了针状铁素体体积分数增加。 相似文献
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系统研究了Ti-IF钢冶炼过程和铸坯中含Ti夹杂物的组成、分布与微观形貌,揭示了含Ti夹杂物的衍变规律.热力学分析和实验结果表明:在IF钢冶炼过程中无TiN生成,含Ti夹杂物的存在形式是以TiO2为主的钛氧化物结合其他氧化物的复合夹杂:而在连铸凝固过程中,由于钢液温度降低和元素的偏析作用,TiN夹杂以异质形核的方式生成.IF钢铸坯中非金属夹杂物主要是大尺寸Al2O3颗粒和存在中间过渡层的TiN—Al2TiO5-Al2O3复合夹杂物,其形核长大过程是[Al]、[Ti]和[O]先在细小的Al2O3颗粒上反应生成一层Al2TiO5,然后TiN在Al2TiO5表面形核长大.根据连铸过程和铸坯中含钛夹杂物的研究得出,Ti-IF钢铸坯中TiN夹杂难以去除,但是可以使其变性以实现对钢中含钛夹杂物的控制. 相似文献
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采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱面扫描等仪器设备研究了钛稳定化SUS436L超纯铁素体不锈钢板材的夹杂物类型,结合热力学计算分析各类夹杂物的生成机理。结果表明,SUS436L不锈钢的夹杂物主要包括纯TiN颗粒、TiN包裹MgO·Al_2O_3尖晶石的复合夹杂以及Al_2O_3-CaO-TiO_2复合氧化物;当w([N])为0.007 0%、钢液温度为1 600~1 650℃时,平衡钛质量分数为0.23%~0.38%;当钢液温度为1 600℃、w([Al])为0.02%时,w([Mg])大于0.000 8%时生成MgO·Al_2O_3,w([Mg])大于0.004 4%则生成MgO;当钢液温度为1 600℃、w([Al])为0.02%时,钙处理后w([Ca])为0.000 14%~0.000 36%、大于0.000 36%时分别生成低熔点的12CaO·7Al_2O_3及3CaO·Al_2O_3,且在钛合金化后易生成低熔点的Al_2O_3-CaO-TiO_2复合氧化物。 相似文献
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The thermodynamics of TiN precipitation in liquid steel of 430 ferrite stainless steel has been calculated to find out the condition of TiN precipitation during the initial solidification stage. The difference in the solidification structure of 430 ferrite stainless steel has been discussed through comparative tests of vacuum induction furnace melting with different contents of Ti. It has been found that the equiaxed grain proportion can be increased from 20% to 69% as the content of Ti from 0.1% up to 0. 4%. The size of the TiN particles precipitated is 1-3 μm and the number of TiN particles is about (200- 300)/μm^2. It is found that the effect of using TiN to refine the solidification structure has been confirmed under the strict process condition used for 430 ferrite stainless steel. 相似文献
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摘要:为了研究2205双相不锈钢连铸过程中夹杂物的特征及形成机制,从2205双相不锈钢连铸中间包和板坯上分别取试样,利用扫描电镜分析夹杂物的类型及形貌特征,并结合热力学计算探讨夹杂物的演变规律及其形成原因。结果表明,2205双相不锈钢中间包中存在大于10μm的夹杂物,中间包中夹杂物类型主要为CaO Al2O3和CaO Al2O3 MgO球形夹杂物,板坯中夹杂物尺寸都小于10μm,板坯中CaO Al2O3和CaO Al2O3 MgO球形夹杂物外面包裹了一层TiN。错配度和热力学计算表明凝固过程中CaO Al2O3和CaO Al2O3 MgO球形夹杂物为TiN的析出提供了形核质点。 相似文献
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To explore the effect of inclusions in the coarse-grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ), four groups were designed using the ‘Al/Ti deoxidised?+?Nb/V microalloyed’ technical route. The toughness of the CGHAZ of Al–Ti–V–N steel was greatly promoted by the presence of polygonal ferrite (PF) after high heat input rather than the traditionally used acicular ferrite (AF). Furthermore, micron-sized inclusions in AF or PF were analysed, and the results indicated that the TiN and V (CN) particles attached on the Ti/Al oxide inclusions induced the nucleation of AF and PF. That can be concluded that the nucleation mechanism of PF is similar to that of AF. In addition, smaller micron- and nanoscale-size inclusions observed by transmission electron microscopy could not induce the nucleation of AF and PF because of the low heterogeneous nucleation energy. Nevertheless, these inclusions can have a drag effect on grain boundary migration. 相似文献
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���£�֣��ѧ�ã����ǿ������ 《钢铁研究学报》2017,29(12):973-981
The characteristics of inclusions in high strength structural steel were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The influence of Ti- alloying and Ca treatment on the composition of inclusions in the steel was investigated, and the effect of oxides on the precipitation behavior of TiN and its refining effect on the microstructure were studied. The results show that the inclusions in the steels are Al- Ti- Mg- O system with spherical or polygonal shape after adding Ti, which furtherly can be effectively modified into spherical inclusions after adding Ca. The TiOx in inclusions can be reduced by Ca treatment and Ti gradually diffuses into the surface of the inclusions, which promotes the local precipitation of TiN on the surface of the composite oxides. The amounts of fine oxides and nitrides in steel increase with the increase of Ti mass percentage. Therefore, Ca treatment and higher Ti content can promote the formation of the inclusions of composite oxide and TiN, and also delay the homogeneous nucleation time of TiN inclusions, reducing its size during solidification process of the steel. TiN with the size about 2-3??m not only can induce polygonal ferrite, but also induce acicular ferrite. Specially, the inclusions with TiN and MnS locally precipitating on the surface of composite oxides are conducive to the nucleation of interlocking acicular ferrites. 相似文献
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Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - Formation mechanism of Ti2O3–TiN complex nucleus and its nucleation effect on δ-Fe at solidification front of Fe-18Cr ferritic stainless... 相似文献