两流非对称中间包内控流装置优化的水模型研究

通过水模型实验和数值模拟,研究了两流非对称中间包采用不同控流装置时流体流动的特性.结果表明:圆形湍流控制器与单挡墙组成的控流装置中间包两出口流体流动差异较大;非对称长方形湍流控制器和多孔挡墙组成控流装置的中间包,两流之间的平均停留时间差异是圆形湍流控制器和单挡墙组成控流装置中间包的2/3,且近长水口侧出口的平均停留时间...     

三流Τ型中间包内控流装置优化的物理模拟

通过三流T型连铸中间包物理模拟实验,研究了直挡墙、V型挡墙及其与抑湍器组合控流装置对中间包流动特性的影响。结果表明,直挡墙控流装置的控流效果优于无控流装置的中间包,但不如设计合理的V型挡墙控流装置;V型挡墙与挡坝组合控流装置（方案Ⅴ）的控流效果较好,在其基础上加入抑湍器后控流效果并不理想。因此,提出了针对三流T型中间包控流装置的优化设计方案。     

板坯连铸机中间包的物理模拟

通过对超低头板坯中间包的物理模拟，采用聚乙烯粒子模拟大颗粒夹杂物在中间包的上浮行为研究，确认采用单墙单坝的控流方式有利于夹杂的上浮，并找到了上挡墙和坝在中间包的最佳位置。同时认为以塞棒控流中间包的临界液面高度应大于150mm。     

20t T型中间包控流装置的模拟和优化

用CFX 流场计算软件模拟对比20t T型中间包3种控流装置,研究导流孔个数、孔径、位置对中间包钢水流场的影响,得出较合理的控流装置方案。模拟和应用结果表明,采用两边挡墙设上下导流孔,中间挡墙设一个导流孔,中间包内钢水流场、液面和出口流稳定,钢水温度波动小,中间包钢水平均停留时间提高至712 s,有利于钢水中夹杂物去除。     

六流矩形坯连铸中间包结构优化的水模型研究

通过六流矩形坯连铸中间包的水模试验,研究了不同控流装置对其流动特性的影响。研究结果表明,稳流器和多孔挡墙能明显改善各流流动特性的一致性,在此基础上加设方形孔挡墙能有效减小死区体积。合理的中间包组合控流装置为稳流器＋多孔挡墙＋方形孔挡墙。     

40t单流中间包控流装置的优化配置

采用水模型和工业验证的方法针对40 t单流中间包的控流装置进行优化配置研究.通过对单独湍流抑制器控流装置、湍流抑制器+下挡墙组合控流装置、湍流抑制器+下挡墙+上挡墙组合控流装置的研究表明,下挡墙在改善钢液流动形态和减少中间包内死区方面所起的作用大于上挡墙.平均停留时间随下挡墙与长水口的距离增加呈先增大后减小的趋势.确定了单流中间包以湍流抑制器+下挡墙的优化组合形式,死区比例由原来的25.9%降低到了13.6%.通过系统取样分析发现优化后中间包内T.O和N含量大幅降低,正常坯中的大型夹杂物质量分数也由原来的8.4×10-7降低到3.2×10-7.      

八流方坯连铸中间包控流装置优化的水模研究

通过八流方坯连铸中间包水模实验,研究了不同控流装置对其流动特性的影响。研究表明:对比原挡墙,中间包的控流装置改为新挡渣墙后,表征中间包流动特性的流动特性因素有了明显的改善。在新挡墙的基础上,对稳流器和挡坝等控流装置关于控流效果的影响进行了实验研究,发现每个方案中的一个或者多个控流参数有利于进一步改善中间包的控流效果。通过对比和分析这几种控流方案对改善中间包内流体流动特性的效果,确定了最优方案。     

板坯连铸中间包流动控制及冶金效果研究

针对安钢二炼钢板坯连铸机的产品质量问题，对中间包进行了改变设计，用数学和物理模拟方法研究了不同的控流装置对流场和夹杂物上浮率的影响，最后确定出合适的中间包挡墙＋坝的内部结构生产实践证明取得了明显的冶金效果。     

连铸中间包不同控流装置使用效果比较的模拟研究

采用水力学数学模拟的方法,研究了3号多孔挡墙和U挡墙对昆钢小方坯连铸中间包流动特性的影响。水力学模拟依据相似原理,用"刺激—响应"实验方法,测定不同工况下停留时间分布(RTD)曲线,得到两种挡墙对中间包流体流动的影响。然后用数学模拟的方法验证水力学模拟的合理性。研究结果表明:3号多孔挡墙可以延长1号、2号水口响应时间及平均停留时间,缩短了3号水口响应时间及平均停留时间,控制各流流动趋于一致。中间包内流体流动特性得到明显改善。使用U挡墙后,钢液的平均停留时间Ta有了大幅增加,但各水口的初次响应时间差距较大,各流的流动特征一致性较差。因而,3号多孔挡墙控流效果优于U挡墙。     

昆钢直弧形板坯连铸中间包水力学模拟试验研究

通过板坯铸机中间包水模试验，研究了多种控流装置下钢水流场变化情况，优化了中间包挡墙和堰的安装位置，改善了中间包冶金效果。     

连铸中间罐采用新型控流装置的模拟试验

结合本钢炼钢厂板坯中间罐的控流装置,通过实验室对比试验研究,开发了新型控流装置——湍流控制器和微细泡气幕挡墙。试验结果表明,二者大大地改善了中间罐流体流动特征参数和流动轨迹。并且还具有防止注流开浇产生喷溅和减轻注流卷吸气体的作用。     

Hydraulics and Mathematics Simulation on the Weir and Gas Curtain in Tundish of Ultrathick Slab Continuous Casting

The molten steel flow pattern in continuous casting tundish could be improved if the flow control devices were properly used. With reasonable application of weir and air curtain, the disturbance at injection zone of the tundish was reduced. The flow path of the molten steel was changed, and the short-circuit flow was eliminated. Therefore, the residence time was lengthened. An air curtain with bubbles floating could promote the surface flow and improve inclusions removal. The application of weir and air curtain in an ultrathick slab continuous casting tundish was investigated with hydraulics and mathematics simulation. The residence time and dead volume fraction were studied through orthogonal experiments with different positions of the flow control devices. The efficiency of three factors was analyzed, and the optimum positions of the weir and air curtain were obtained. Besides, the discrete phase model was suitable for simulation of the interaction between gas bubbles and molten steel, and the mathematics results shown the optimum one got larger inclusion flotation rate.     

Mathematical Modelling of Fluid Flow in a Continuous Casting Tundish with regard to Extraordinary Casting Conditions

The quality of the steel (degree of cleanness in the finished material) can be influenced to a great extent by the flow conditions in the continuous casting tundish and the resulting conditions for the separation of non‐metallic inclusions. Whereas in the literature a lot of numerical simulations about the flow patterns of regular casting tundishes have been published, the effects of disturbances like the absence of a strand or the progressive wear of the flow control devices in the tundish on the flow behaviour will be investigated here. It will be shown that the absence of single strands exerts much less influence on the total flow behaviour in the tundish than variances of the flow control devices.     

非对称大方坯连铸中间包内控流装置的对比研究

通过对5流T型非对称大方坯连铸中间包控流装置的水模研究，对比了不同控流装置对连铸中间包内流场的影响，发现结构合理的控流装置能够明显改善中间包内流体的流动特性。采用多流连铸中间包流动特性的评判方法，分析讨论各方案实验数据，得出了中间包内控流装置的优化设计方案，为中间包内控流装置的设计提供了参考。实验表明：直通孔过滤器能够更好地改善五流圆坯中间包内钢水的流动，并根据实验结果提出了最佳的过滤器结构。     

衡管水平连铸中间包流场分析

根据衡阳钢管水平连铸中间包的实际情况,采用1：1．5的相似比例建立水模拟系统,对水平连铸中间包内钢液流场进行研究．得出水平连铸中间包内钢水流场与弧形连铸中间包内钢水流场的主要区别,提出了优化水平连铸中间包钢水流动的方向。     

十二流小方坯中间包优化及冶金效果

利用数值模拟对宣钢十二机十二流连铸机中间包的三维流场、浓度场和温度场进行研究,优化出了最佳控流装置。应用结果显示,采用优化结构后的中间包,流场明显改善,各流的流动特性趋于一致,高温钢液对第6流塞棒的冲击减轻,各流最大温差由优化前的10 K降低为优化后的4 K。且连浇时间由优化前的20 h延长到26 h。     

不锈钢板坯连铸中包水模实验及应用

为减少不镑钢连铸坯中夹杂物的数量，开展了不锈锅板坯连铸中包水槌实验。在水模实验的基础上．进行了连铸中包控流装置的生产试验。试验表明，中包控流装置可以比较有效地去除钢中大颗粒非金属夹杂物.     

Fluid flow and inclusion removal in continuous casting tundish

Three-dimensional fluid flow in continuous casting tundishes with and without flow control devices is first studied. The results indicate that flow control devices are effective to control the strong stirring energy within the inlet zone, and other zones are with much uniform streamline. By dividing tundish into two zones with different inclusion removal mechanisms the inclusion removal is calculated. Three modes of inclusion removal from molten steel in the tundish, i.e., flotation to the free surface, collision and coalescence of inclusions to form larger ones, and adhesion to the lining solid surfaces, are taken into account. The Brownian collision, Stokes collision, and turbulent collision are examined and discussed. The suitable coagulation coefficient is discussed, and a value of 0.18 is derived. Calculation results indicate that, besides flotation, collision of inclusion and adhesion to the lining solid surfaces are also important ways for inclusion removal from molten steel in tundish especially for the smaller inclusions. The flotation removal holds 49.5 pct, and the adhesion removal holds 29.5 pct for the tundish with flow control devices; the collision effect is reflected in improving flotation and adhesion. Finally, industrial experiment data are used to verify the inclusion removal model.     

Steel Quality Improvement Potentials in the Continuous Casting Process Using State of the Art Refractory Flow Control Systems

In the continuous casting process for high quality steel grades, activities are mainly focused on avoiding reoxidation and promoting non-metallic inclusion removal during steel transfer from the ladle through the tundish to the mould. In this paper, methods to effectively control flow from the tundish to the continuous casting mould are described and specific state of the art refractory solutions are also introduced.     

降低大方坯中间包临界液面高度工艺研究

中间包底部水口附近结构和流场形态影响中包临界液面高度。通过在中间包底部水口附近加抑流件的水模型优化实验及工业试验,确认了加抑流件可以降低中包临界液面高度,在工业生产中抑流件使用是安全的,中间包合理停浇液面对尾坯纯净度无影响。