共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 860 毫秒
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高性能气体分离聚苯胺膜 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
系统论述了聚苯胺自支撑膜和复合膜对气体的分离性能。聚苯胺自支撑膜、聚苯胺 /尼龙、聚苯胺 /氧化铝复合膜经去掺杂尤其是二次掺杂后 ,气体分离系数会显著提高 ,而透气系数略有提高。二次掺杂态聚苯胺自支撑膜和复合膜都具有极高的氧氮分离性能 ,已超过了一般聚合物材料的上限 ,最优异的聚苯胺膜的氧氮选择分离系数可达 30 ,它在包括有高选择性能膜材料聚酰亚胺、聚吡咙、聚三唑等在内的所有聚合物膜中排行第一 ,对空气分离显示出极大优势。预计聚苯胺复合膜及纳米膜在医疗保健等领域具有很大应用潜力 相似文献
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共轭聚合物膜的渗透汽化性能及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了大π键共轭聚合物膜的渗透汽化性能和应用,讨论了掺杂和去掺杂态聚苯胺膜、聚(3-甲基噻吩)和聚(N-甲基吡咯)膜对水、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇的渗透汽化性能以及它们与水的混合液的分离性能。指出掺杂态聚苯胺膜呈亲水性,有利于醇类的渗透;而去掺杂态聚苯胺膜呈疏水性,有利于有机酸类的渗透。聚丙烯酸/聚苯胺及聚酰亚胺预聚体/聚苯胺共混膜对混合液体都具有较好的分离性能,其中的大分子酸会对聚苯胺链节进行掺杂,能有效地克服盐酸小分子掺杂剂易于损失的缺点。共轭聚合物膜可望应用于醇/水混合液、有机酸/水混合液、多组分混合液的分离。 相似文献
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乙基和硝基纤维素/液晶复合空气分离膜 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选用乙基纤维素,硝基纤维素分别与三种液晶(胆甾醇油烯基碳酸酯COC,烷基纤维素AC,混合液晶DYC)共混,制备了两大系列空气分离复合膜。用恒压容量分析法研究了有效分离面积为50cm^2膜的空气分离性能与膜组成,膜存度,操作温度和压力的关系。结果表明,EC/液晶膜比CN/液晶膜具有较高的空气分离综合能力。减小膜厚或升高温度可以有效地提高一级富氧空气流量QOEA,但膜厚过小或温度过高,一级富氧空气的氧 相似文献
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制备了乙烯共聚醋酸乙烯酯复合膜和聚酰亚胺均相致密膜,研究了这两种膜与全氟磺酸型离子交换膜的渗透蒸发分离性能。实验测得最大分离系数α=274,并发现料液的甲醛浓度增加,膜的分离系数提高。 相似文献
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高富氧载体促进输送膜的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
基于献,对高富氧载体促进输送膜的载体特征,基膜结构,输氧机理,富氧性能与寿命,富氧工艺设计及经济分析进行了评述。讨论了富氧性能对载体含量,溶剂,温度和压力等的依赖性。指出最高的透氧系数和氧氮分离系数分别达1.11×10^-7cm^3(STP).cm/cm^2.s.cmHg和80.0。用该膜进行一级空气分离可获得氧含量90%和氧流量为1.06×10^-3cm^3(STP)/s.cm^2的富氧空气, 相似文献
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本文建立了一种富氧膜富氧性能测试新方法——恒压空气容量分析法——本法可同时测定富氧空气流量、氧气含量、氧气及氮气透过率、氧氮分离系数等参数。它为膜材料的设计、工艺参数的选择提供了一种方便快速的研究手段。 相似文献
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Miscible blend membranes containing 10 wt % PEG of low molecular weight 200, 600, 2000, and 6000, and 10 wt %, 20 wt %, 30 wt %, 40 wt %, 50 wt %, and 60 wt % of molecular weight 20,000 were prepared to investigate the effect of PEG on gas permeabilities and selectivities for CO2 over N2 and CH4. The permeabilities of CO2, H2, O2, CH4, and N2 were measured at temperatures from 30 to 80°C and pressures from 20 cmHg to 76 cmHg using a manometric permeation apparatus. It was determined that the blend membrane, which contained 10% PEG 20,000, exhibited higher permeability for CO2 and higher permselectivity for CO2 over N2 and CH4 than those of the membranes that contained 10% PEG of the molecular weight ranging from 200 to 6000. The high PEG 20,000 content blend membranes showed remarkable permeation properties such that the permeability coefficients of CO2 and the ideal separation factors for CO2 over N2 reached above 200 barrer and 22, respectively, at 70°C and 20 cmHg. Based on the data of gas permeability coefficients, time lags, and characterization of the membranes, it is proposed that the apparent solubility coefficients of all CA and PEG blend membranes for CO2 were lower than those of the CA membrane. However, almost all of the blend membranes containing PEG 20,000 showed higher apparent diffusivity coefficients for CO2, resulting in higher permeability coefficients of CO2 than those of the CA membrane. It is attributed to the high diffusivity selectivities of CA and PEG 20,000 blend membranes that their ideal separation factors for CO2 over N2 were higher than those of the CA membrane in the temperature range from 50 to 80°C, even though the ideal separation factors of all CA and PEG blend membranes for CO2 over CH4 became lower than those of the CA membrane over nearly the full temperature range from 30 to 80°C. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Highly methanol resistant and selective ternary blend membrane composed of sulfonated PVdF‐co‐HFP,sulfonated polyaniline and nafion 下载免费PDF全文
Partially sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoro propylene)/partially sulfonated polyaniline (SPVdF‐co‐HFP/SPAni) binary blend membranes have shown promising results in terms of low methanol permeability and high membrane selectivity compared to Nafion‐117 membrane. However, the proton conductivity and IEC of this binary blend membrane was much lower than Nafion‐117. It was found that incorporation of minimal quantity of Nafion within SPVdF‐co‐HFP/SPAni blend membrane at a constituent weight % ratio of SPVdF‐co‐HFP:SPAni:Nafion = 50:40:10 induced significant improvements in ion‐exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity and tensile strength over that of the binary blend membrane. In addition, the SPVdF‐co‐HFP/SPAni/Nafion ternary blend membrane exhibited much lower methanol permeability, higher membrane and relative selectivities and comparable IEC to Nafion‐117. In effect, presence of minimal quantity of Nafion induced significant positive attributes to the ternary blend membrane; and assisted in reaching a balance between material cost and properties. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43294. 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(16):3814-3831
Abstract Asymmetric ultrafiltration membranes based on poly[(4,4′-oxydiphenylene)pyromelliteimide] were produced by wet technique from prepolymer casting solution, followed by solid-phase conversion of the prepolymer membranes into polyimide insoluble form at 200°C. It was demonstrated that by adding benzimidazole to the casting solution and filling of prepolymer membrane pores with inert high-boiling oil prior to thermal treatment allow us to prepare asymmetric porous polyimide membranes. The main characteristics of the membranes obtained (permeability coefficients and molecular weight cut-off) match those typical to ultrafiltration membranes. It was found that the developed asymmetric ultrafiltration polyimide membranes have excellent thermal and chemical resistance. The membranes retain rigidity above Tg (360°C) and are chemically stable at temperatures up to 400°C. The developed membranes are resistant against swelling and dissolving in aggressive and organic media including amide solvents. 相似文献
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Izzati Izni Yusoff Rosiah Rohani Nadiah Khairul Zaman Mohd Usman Mohd Junaidi Abdul Wahab Mohammad Zamardina Zainal 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2019,59(Z1):E82-E92
A pressure filtration membrane from conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI) is known to possess low mechanical strength and thermal stability. Therefore, it is believed that the properties of the membrane can be enhanced by blending PANI with a conventional polymer like polyimide (PI), which possesses high mechanical strength and thermal stability. A thermal analysis revealed that polymer chain of blend membranes started to break beyond the melting temperature of pure PANI membrane indicating that the addition of PI hindered the degradation of PANI and thus slowed down the decomposition process. Mechanical tests further showed that PANI/PI membrane had a tensile strength that was 60% higher than pure PANI membrane. Furthermore, the surface hydrophilicity and negativity of the blend membrane increased as it was doped in acid, thereby reflecting the exploitation of advantages of both polymers. Rejection at various molecular ranges of PEGs showed that PANI/PI membrane was initially in the ultrafiltration (UF) range, but later fell into the nanofiltration (NF) range when an acid dopant was introduced to the membrane. According to the long‐term filtration performance, the PANI/PI membrane was able to sustain a rejection of up to 99% in Congo red solution with just a slight reduction in flux. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E82–E92, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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Hydrophilic poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)/Pluronic F127 (F127) blend hollow fiber membranes were prepared via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), and the effects of blend composition on the performance of hydrophilic PVB/F127 blend hollow fiber membrane were investigated. The addition of F127 to PVB/polyethylene glycol (PEG) system decreases the cloud point temperature, while the cloud point temperature increases slightly with the addition of F127 to 20% (by mass) PVB/F127/PEG200 system when the concentration of F127 is not higher than 5% (by mass). Light scattering results show that the initial inter-phase periodic distance formed from the phase separation of 20% (by mass) PVB/F127/PEG200 system decreases with the addition of F127, so does the growth rate during cooling process. The blend hollow fiber membrane prepared at air-gap 5mm, of which the water permeability increases and the rejection changes little with the increase of F127 concentration. For the membrane prepared at zero air-gap, both water permeability and rejection of the PVB/F127 blend membrane are greater than those of PVB membrane, while the tensile strength changes little. Elementary analysis shows that most F127 in the polymer solution can firmly exist in the polymer matrix, increasing the hydrophilicity of the blend membrane prepared at air-gap of 5mm. 相似文献
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Preparation and characterization of sulfonated block‐graft copolyimide/sulfonated polybenzimidazole blend membranes for fuel cell application 下载免费PDF全文
Polymer electrolyte blend membranes composed of sulfonated block‐graft polyimide (S‐bg‐PI) and sulfonated polybenzimidazole (sPBI) were prepared and characterized. The proton conductivity and oxygen permeability coefficient of the novel blend membrane S‐bg‐PI/sPBI (7 wt%) were 0.38 S cm?1 at 90 °C and 98% relative humidity and 7.2 × 10?13 cm3(STP) cm (cm2 s cmHg)?1 at 35 °C and 76 cmHg, respectively, while those of Nafion® were 0.15 S cm?1 and 1.1 × 10?10 cm3(STP) cm (cm2 s cmHg)?1 under the same conditions. The apparent (proton/oxygen transport) selectivity calculated from the proton conductivity and the oxygen permeability coefficient in the S‐bg‐PI/sPBI (7 wt%) membrane was 300 times larger than that determined in the Nafion membrane. Besides, the excellent gas barrier properties based on an acid ? base interaction in the blend membranes are expected to suppress the generation of hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species, which will degrade fuel cells during operation. The excellent proton conductivity and gas barrier properties of the novel membranes promise their application for future fuel cell membranes. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Hafiz Abdul Mannan Tan Ming Yih Rizwan Nasir Hilmi Muhktar Dzeti Farhah Mohshim 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2019,59(Z1):E293-E301
This article presents fabrication, characterization, and performance evaluation of polyetherimide (PEI)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) blend membranes. Polymer blend membranes with various blend ratios of PEI/PVAc were prepared by solution casting and evaporation technique. Morphology and miscibility of polymer blend membranes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The interaction between blend polymers was analyzed by FTIR analysis. Gas separation performance was evaluated in terms of permeability and selectivity. FESEM results revealed that pure polymer and blend membranes were homogeneous and dense in structure. A single glass transition temperature of polymer blend membranes was found in DSC analysis which indicated the miscibility of PEI/PVAc blend. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of molecular interaction between blend polymers. The permeation results showed that the presence of PVAc (3 wt%) in blend membranes has improved CO2 permeability up to 95% compared to pure PEI membrane. In addition, CO2/CH4 selectivity was found to be 40% higher than pure PEI membrane. This study shows that blending a small fraction of PVAc can improve the gas separation performance of PEI/PVAc blend membranes. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E293–E301, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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Ryohei Shindo Satoshi Amanuma Kenta Kojima Shuichi Sato Shinji Kanehashi Kazukiyo Nagai 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2014,54(5):1089-1099
The characterization and gas permeation properties of ultraviolet (UV)‐cured fluorine‐containing telechelic polyimide membranes and end‐capped with a crosslinker with acryloyl groups were investigated. Membrane formation property was improved by the addition of crosslinker by using UV irradiation. The densities of UV‐cured membranes were almost similar to each other, and high gel fraction was shown on the UV‐cured membranes. This result suggests that the crosslinker promotes crosslink reaction at the polymer chain ends and does not induce appreciable membrane densification. Furthermore, the gas permeability of the UV‐cured membranes was higher than that of the membrane without the crosslinker. The higher gas permeability is due to the new crosslink structure formed at the polymer chain ends, which was promoted by the crosslinker after UV irradiation, but did not induce appreciable membrane densification. The use of a BEI crosslinker in the telechelic polyimide membranes promoted the crosslink reaction and increased the H2 selectivity because H2 permeability was not sensibly affected by the crosslink reaction. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:1089–1099, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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A sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membrane with fairly high degree of sulfonation (DS) swells excessively and even dissolves at high temperature. To solve these problems, sulfonated phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone) (SPES-C, DS 53.7%) is blended with the SPEEK matrix (DS 55.1%, 61.7%) to prepare SPEEK/SPES-C blend membrane. The decrease in swelling degree and methanol permeability of the membrane is dose-dependent. Pure SPEEK (DS 61.7%) membrane dissolves completely in water at 70ºC, whereas the swelling degree of the SPEEK (DS 61.7%)/SPES-C (40%, by mass) membrane is 29.7% at 80ºC. From room temperature to 80ºC, the methanol permeability of all SPEEK (DS 55.1%)/SPES-C blend membranes is about one order of magnitude lower than that of Nafion®115. At higher temperature, the addition of SPES-C polymer increases the dimensional stability and greater proton conductivity can be achieved. The SPEEK (DS 55.1%)/SPES-C (40%, by mass) membrane can withstand temperatures up to 150ºC. The proton conductivity of SPEEK (DS 55.1%)/SPES-C (30%, by mass) membrane approaches 0.16 S8226;cm-1, matching that of Nafion61650;115 at 140ºC and 100% RH, while pure SPEEK (DS 55.1%) membrane dissolves at 90ºC. The SPEEK/SPES-C blend membranes are promising for use in direct methanol fuel cells because of their good dimensional stability, high proton conductivity, and low methanol permeability. 相似文献