甜茶甙发展前景广阔

甜茶(Rubus Suavissimus S.Lee)是盖薇科悬钧子属的落叶而有刺灌木，主产于广西桂林、柳州、梧州等地区，是广西的特有植物。由于其叶味甜，具有保健作用，广西民间常作茶饮用，故名“甜茶”，亦称之“神茶”。日本研究发现，甜茶对花粉过敏及其它鼻炎、皮肤炎等的防治有明显疗效。80年代初，日本专家田中三郎等考察广西甜茶种植时称赞道“甜茶的口味人们最易接受，是世界上一种新型的高级甜味饮品”。     

黄腐酸钾型桐麸菌肥对广西甜茶的生长光合特性和品质的影响

正以广西甜茶为材料,设置5个黄腐酸钾型桐麸菌肥施肥水平,分别为800、1000、1200、1400、1600 kg/hm~2(依次标记为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5),以复合肥750 kg/hm~2为对照(CK)。测定叶片产量构成指标,分析叶片光合参数的变化,测定叶片甜茶苷、总黄酮含量。结果表明:黄腐酸钾型桐麸菌肥能促进广西甜茶的生长,T4处理分蘖株数、单叶面积和产量分别比CK显著提高2.2倍、67.7%和54.2%;     

8月份主要城市纯碱价格平稳

国家发改委价格监测中心最新统计资料显示：2010年8月各主要城市浮法5mm玻璃平均价格为29．67元／平方米,环比上涨0．86％,比上年同期上涨1．85元／平方米,涨幅为6．65％,有12．34％的城市价格上涨,主要集中在广东、广西、海南地区,其中涨幅最大的是陕西宝鸡市浮法5mm玻璃价格比上月上涨4元／平方米,     

50种植物提取物对梨褐斑病菌抑菌活性

采用生长速率法测定了50种植物提取物对梨褐斑病菌的抑菌活性。结果表明，广西地不容块根、龙葵枝叶、狭叶十大功劳根茎和广西蜘蛛抱蛋全株的抑菌活性较高。用质量浓度为10g／L的药液处理，72h的抑菌率分别为100％、80．98％、76．19％和73．65％；南蛇勒嫩茎、射干全株、银杏外种皮、黄柏树皮和黄堇全株的抑菌率在50．63％～60．05％之间；其余植物提取物的抑菌率在50％以下。进一步测定了广西地不容块根、龙葵枝叶、狭叶十大功劳根茎和广西蜘蛛抱蛋全株4种提取物对梨褐斑病菌的毒力，它们的有效中浓度（EC50）分别为1．2525、3～973、1．7980和3．4131g／L。     

25％福美双·克百威·萎锈灵悬浮种衣剂液相色谱分析

本文采用高效液相色谱法,以C18为固定相,甲醇＋水为流动相,用紫外检测器定量测定混荆中福美双、克百威和萎锈灵的含量。本方法的变异系数分别为O．11％、0．01％、0．03％;标准偏差分剐为0．013、0．007、O．021;平均回收率分剐为99．35％、99．17％、99．60％;线性相关系数分别为0．9996、0．9989、O．9994。     

中石油开发储罐溶剂聚氨酯防腐涂料

中国石油天然气集团公司旗下中国石油天然气管道局研制出一种储罐用无溶剂聚氨酯耐候防腐涂料。这种双组分聚氨酯涂料产品中,A组份包括羟基组分20％～60％、分散剂0．3％～1．0％、消泡剂0．5％～2．0％、流平剂0．2％～0．6％、除水剂2．0％～5．0％、防沉剂0．5％～1．0％、固化促进剂0．1％～1．0％、紫外光吸收剂1．0％-3．0％、光稳定剂0．5％～2．0％、抗氧剂0．2％～1．0％、三聚磷酸二氢铝5．0％-20％、钛白粉10％～25％、硫酸钡10％～20％、沸石粉4．O％～6．0％,羟基组分为对蓖麻油进行化学改性得到的聚酯聚醚多元醇;B组份为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯固化剂。     

水中84种VOCs的检测方法及其应用

建立了同时测试水中84种VOCs的吹扫捕集一气相质谱测试法,通过对实际样品的测试,验证了方法的可靠性。结果表明84种目标物分离效果较好,方法检出限为0．01～0．52μg/L,工作曲线的线性相关系数为0．977～0．999,在2．5、4、8、10μg／L四个浓度下的加标回收率分别为72．4％～142．0％、77．0％～109．2％、66．9％～124．0％和61．2％～109．7％,综合的平均回收率为79．5％～110．1％,相对标准偏差为0．56％～18．30％。该方法具有良好的准确度和精密度且操作简单,可以满足商业实验室对水中VOCs测定的需要。     

氟草净与乙草胺混合制剂的气相色谱分析

用气谱法对氟草净和乙草胺的混合制剂进行定量分析。该方法简单、快速、准确实用。标准偏差为0．13、0．15,变异系数为0．13％、0．14％,回收率为99．27％－100．59％、99．25％－100．61％。     

荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的效能研究

将几种常用的荧光增白剂分别配入洗衣粉中，通过粉体白度实验、去污实验和循环洗涤实验，考察了荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的效能。实验结果表明：荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的添加质量分数为0．1％时，不同品种的荧光增白剂可使粉体白度提高3．49％－34．645。荧光增白剂CBS－X、31^#、VBL、CXT对粉体的返黄点分别为0．30％、0．25％、0．15％和0．15％。与空白样相比，洗衣粉中加入质量分数为0．1％的荧光增白剂时，可使去污力比值提高至1．07－1．25。荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的最佳添加量其质量分数分别是：CBX－X为0．05％－0．10％，31^#为0．10％－0．15％，VBL和CXT为0．10％。     

广西气刀土高分散性能对卫生陶瓷性能的影响

用美国LS230激光粒度分析仪测定了气刀土原料的颗粒组成，其分散后的颗粒组成处于微米一亚微米级范围，数量分布统计数据为≤1．0μm粒级达97％以上。平均颗粒仅0．255μm，具有高分散性能；在坯料中加入4％～7％的广西气刀土原料替代等量的苏州土原料，使制品体积密度增加、气孔率和吸水率降低。分析原因是气刀土的高分散性能促进了坯体的固相烧结所致。     

甜茶的综合开发

简述了甜茶产品的加工工艺 ,并介绍了天然甜味剂 -甜茶甙的结构、功能及产品质量标准     

茅莓叶和根挥发油的主要化学成分

对茅莓根和叶挥发油中主要化学成分进行研究，并进行比较。用水蒸气蒸馏所得的油状物，通过气相色谱一质谱联用技术对其主要化学成分及其含量进行分析。鉴定了叶20种和根10种的主要化学成分。茅莓叶挥发油的主要化学成分除了含量较多的有机酸，还有醇、内酯、醛、酮等其它成分；而茅莓根的主要化学成分是有机酸醇和烷烃。因此推测叶的抑菌活性可能与酚性成分和内醇有关。     

Acceleration of osmotic dehydration process through ohmic heating of foods: raspberries (Rubus idaeus)

Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) were osmotically dehydrated by applying a conventional method under the supposition of a homogeneous solution, all in a 62% glucose solution at 50 degrees C. Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) were also osmotically dehydrated by using ohmic heating in a 57% glucose solution at a variable voltage (to maintain temperature between 40 and 50 degrees C) and an electric field intensity <100 V/cm. When comparing the results from both experiments it was evident that processing time is reduced when ohmic heating technique was used. In some cases this reduction reached even 50%. This is explained by the additional effect to the thermal damage that is generated in an ohmic process, denominated electroporation.     

Enhanced immunomodulatory activity of gelatin-encapsulated Rubus coreanus Miquel nanoparticles

The aim of this work was to investigate the immunomodulatory activities of Rubus coreanus Miquel extract-loaded gelatin nanoparticles. The mean size of the produced nanoparticles was 143 ± 18 nm with a bandwidth of 76 nm in the size distribution and a maximum size of ~200 nm, which allows effective nanoparticle uptake by cells. Confocal imaging confirmed this, since the nanoparticles were internalized within 30 min and heterogeneously distributed throughout the cell. Zeta-potential measurements showed that from pH = 5 onwards, the nanoparticles were highly negatively charged, which prevents agglomeration to clusters by electrostatic repulsion. This was confirmed by TEM imaging, which showed a well dispersed colloidal solution. The encapsulation efficiency was nearly 60%, which is higher than for other components encapsulated in gelatin nanoparticles. Measurements of immune modulation in immune cells showed a significant effect by the crude extract, which was only topped by the nanoparticles containing the extract. Proliferation of B-, T- and NK cells was notably enhanced by Rubus coreanus-gelatin nanoparticles and in general ~2-3 times higher than control and on average ~2 times higher than ferulic acid. R. coreanus-gelatin nanoparticles induced cytokine secretion (IL-6 and TNF-α) from B- and T-cells on average at a ~2-3 times higher rate compared with the extract and ferulic acid. In vivo immunomodulatory activity in mice fed with R. coreanus-gelatin nanoparticles at 1 mL/g body weight showed a ~5 times higher antibody production compared to control, a ~1.3 times higher production compared to the extract only, and a ~1.6 times higher production compared to ferulic acid. Overall, our results suggest that gelatin nanoparticles represent an excellent transport vehicle for Rubus coreanus extract and extracts from other plants generally used in traditional Asian medicine. Such nanoparticles ensure a high local concentration that results in enhancement of immune cell activities, including proliferation, cytokine secretion, and antibody production.     

托盘根中总多酚提取工艺及抗氧化活性研究

以悬钩子属植物托盘根为研究对象,采用超声辅助乙醇提取托盘根中总多酚.通过对乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声温度4种影响因素进行考察,在单因素实验结果基础上,采用正交试验优化其最佳提取工艺,并对托盘根总多酚的抗氧化能力进行评价.结果表明,托盘根活性成分的最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度60％、超声温度80℃、超声时间50 min、...     

Stability of anthocyanins in pasteurized juice of blackberry ((Rubus glaucus benth

In this research the chemical stability of total anthocyanins in three pasteurized juices elaborated from 12% of blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) pulp, and addition of ascorbic acid (Formulation A: 0.1%, Formulation B: 0.05% and Formulation C: 0.01%), was evaluated by means of absorption visible spectra (400-580 nm). Physicol-chemical characterization (acidity, soluble solids content in degree Brix, pH), and count of mesophilic microorganism, fungi, yeasts, fecal coliforms (PMN/mL) and Escherichia coli, were evaluated. Sensorial parameters (color, smell, flavor) were investigated by means of un-trained panel using a hedonic scale (Fridman, P < 0.05). The study was performed during storage for 9 days. The total anthocyanins were reported as pelargonidin-3-glycoside g/L, and no significant differences were founded among the evaluated in each formulation during storage (P > 0.05). Bactocromic effect due to oxidation as not observed. Acidity (6.0-7.2 mL NaOH 0.079 N), soluble solids content (9.0-9.8 degrees Brix) and pH (3.4) did not show significant differences (P > 0.05). The microbiological evaluation showed minimum values for pasturized products (fungi CFU/mL < 10, yeast CFU/mL < 10, fecal coliforms CFU/mL < 10 and mesophilic microorganism CFU/mL between 120-140 on first day in storage). Sensorial analysis did not show significant differences (Fridman, P > 0.05).     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定芥蓝中钙、镁、铜和铁

火焰原子吸收法测定芥蓝中的钙、镁、铜和铁含量,相对标准偏差为1.45%~2.03%,回收率为96.8%~100.1%。结果表明芥蓝含有丰富的微量元素。     

Raspberry derived mesoporous carbon-tubules and fixed-bed adsorption of pharmaceutical drugs

Novel mesoporous carbon-tubules were prepared from wild plant leaves of Rubus idaeus (Raspberry) and their physicochemical characteristics were analyzed by spectroscopic and potentiometric titration methods. The developed carbon-tubules were applied for the aqueous phase decontamination of three pharmaceutical drugs. Ibuprofen, naproxen and clofibric acid were selected for the study. Batch and fixed-bed studies were performed to investigate the adsorption of selected pharmaceutical drugs. Mathematical modelings were applied to the experimental data in order to estimate the maximum adsorption capacity and evaluate the characteristics of the fixed-bed. Based on finding, the adsorption mechanism was investigated by adsorbate and adsorbent physicochemical characteristics.     

Wild edible fruits as a potential source of phytochemicals with capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation

The edible fruits of four wild small trees or shrubs (Arbutus unedo, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, and Rubus ulmifolius) traditionally consumed in the Iberian Peninsula were studied to evaluate their potential for human nutrition, considering their content in bioactive compounds. Lipophilic phytochemicals, such as fatty acids and tocopherols, as well as some hydrophilic antioxidants, such as vitamin C and organic acids, were analyzed. In addition, the antioxidant activity, measured as lipid peroxidation inhibition (β‐carotene/linoleate and TBARS assays), was evaluated in each fruit. As far as we know, this is the first report relating to bioactive compounds in wild fruits with relation to the lipid peroxidation inhibition. Data revealed that these wild edible fruits are good sources of bioactive compounds as organic acids, vitamin C, tocopherols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. They could be considered as functional foods or potential sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant synergism effect, to be included as antioxidant food ingredients or in dietary supplements, mainly Rubus ulmifolius, due to its high content in tocopherols. This study provides useful and relevant information that justify tocopherols influence in the prevention of lipid peroxidation, due to the strong correlation observed (r>0.95) between these lipophilic bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity.     

Physical‐chemical characteristics and oxidative stability of oil obtained from lyophilized raspberry seed

Fresh raspberry (Rubus idaeus), cultivar Willamette, was freeze‐dried (lyophilization). A byproduct of lyophilization is “fine dust” of raspberry consisting of finely ground raspberry fruit body and seed. The seeds were separated. The seed oil was isolated and its physical and chemical characteristics were determined. Parameters that characterize the seed and quality of the oil were examined, including fatty acid composition, oxidative stability under different storage conditions, and radical‐scavenging activity. The fatty acid composition was determined by GC/FID and the contents of the dominant fatty acids were found as: oleic 16.92%, linoleic 54.95%, and α‐linolenic acid 23.97%. The oxidative stability of the oil was poor. The induction period by Rancimat test at 100 °C was 5.2 h. The radical‐scavenging activity is similar to that of resveratrol [1,3‐benzenediol 5‐(1^E‐2‐4‐hydroxy‐phenyl‐ethyl)]. Although this product is used in the candy industry, it would be far more useful if raspberry oil of satisfactory quality could be extracted. This paper demonstrates that sifted lyophilized seeds can be used for the extraction of oils. This process allows for maximal usage of the byproducts, reduces losses and it increases the development of new products.