聚丙烯/含氟聚丙烯层状共混物的制备

采用熔融接枝技术制备含氟聚丙烯（FPP），然后将聚丙烯（PP）与FPP共混造粒制备PP／FPP共混物。用锥板流变仪分析PP和FPP的流变行为，探讨PP／FPP共混物层状形态形成的条件；用扫描电子显微镜、紫外光测试仪和万能材料试验机分析PP／FPP共混物层状形态、抗紫外光辐射性能和力学性能。结果表明，在200℃．剪切速率为125s^-1时，PP和FPP的流变曲线相交于一点，此条件有利于PP／FPP共混物形成层状形态。与纯PP相比，PP／FPP共混物的力学性能和抗紫外光透过能力明显提高。     

PTT/PP-g-MAH/PP共混材料形态和流变性能研究

以毛细管流变仪和扫描电子显微镜研究了聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)/聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)/聚丙烯(PP)共混体系的形态和流变行为。讨论了共混物的组成、增容剂含量对共混物的形态、熔体流变行为的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH改善了PP与PTT的相容性,PP在PTT连续相中分散均匀,分散相尺寸随着增容剂含量的增加而减小。共混物熔体为假塑性流体,其非牛顿指数n、熔体黏度、黏流活化能随增容剂含量的增加而降低。     

共聚聚丙烯(cPP)/线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE) 共混体系的流变与结晶形为

用毛细管流变仪研究了共聚聚丙烯(cPP)与线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)共混物熔体的流变行为.讨论了共混物的组成、切应力和剪切速率对熔体流变行为和熔体粘度的影响.测定了不同配比共混物熔体的非牛顿指数.结果表明共混物熔体属假塑性流体,但共混体系粘度随LLDPE加入量的增加变化不大.DSC结晶曲线及扫描电镜(SEM)照片表明,LDPE的加入使cPP的结晶温度变化不大,但对晶体形态有一定影响.LLDPE对cPP有一定的增韧改性作用,当LLDPE质量分数为15%时,共混物的冲击强度增幅在40%左右,而拉伸强度保持率为80%.     

多元共混改性聚丙烯流变行为研究

采用熔融共混法在PP中引入聚酰胺(PA6)、改性共聚酯(HCDP)、苯乙烯辅助马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St)]制备改性聚丙烯，利用毛细管流变仪研究了改性聚丙烯的流变行为，发现共混改性聚丙烯熔体属于切力变稀流体.在一定剪切应力下改性聚丙烯熔体表观粘度随着温度的升高而略有下降，当共混体系中PP-g-(MAH-co-St)含量为1％～4％时，改性聚丙烯熔体粘流活化能变化不大.通过对各共混组分流变行为的研究，确定该共混体系最佳成型温度为240～245℃.多元共混体系具有良好的相容性，通过对流变性能的分析，为该共混体系的成型加工提供了流变学依据.     

共聚聚丙烯（cPP）／线型低密度聚乙烯（UDPE）共混体系的流变与结晶形为

用毛细管流变仪研究了共聚聚丙烯(cPP)与线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)共混物熔体的流变行为。讨论了共混物的组成、切应力和剪切速率对熔体流变行为和熔体粘度的影响。测定了不同配比共混物熔体的非牛顿指数。结果表明：共混物熔体属假塑性流体，但共混体系粘度随LLDPE加入量的增加变化不大。DSC结晶曲线及扫描电镜(SEM)照片表明，LLDPE的加入使CPP的结晶温度变化不大，但对晶体形态有一定影响。LLDPE对CPP有一定的增韧改性作用，当LLDPE质量分数为15％时，共混物的冲击强度增幅在40％左右，而拉伸强度保持率为80％。     

共聚聚丙烯／茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯共混体系的流变行为与结晶行为

用毛细管流变仪研究了冲击性能相对优良的共聚聚丙烯(cPP)与茂金属低密度聚乙烯(m-PE—LLD)共混物熔体的流变行为。讨论了共混物的组成、剪切应力和剪切速率对熔体流变行为、熔体粘度的影响。测定了不同cPP及m—PE—LLD配比的共混物熔体的非牛顿指数。结果表明：共混物熔体属假塑性流体，但其粘度随m—PE—LLD加入量的增加变化不大。DSC分析及微观形态分析表明，m-PE—LLD的加入使cPP的结晶温度提高，具有异相成核作用。m-PE—LLD对cPP有明显的增韧作用，当m—PE—LLD含量为15％时，共混物的冲击强度明显提高，增幅在75％左右，而拉伸强度保持率为85％以上。     

硬石膏/聚丙烯复合材料流变行为研究

研究了硬石膏及其表面改性对聚丙烯（PP）流变行为的影响。结果表明，硬石膏／PP复合材料为典型的假朔性流体，在试验温度范围内对剪切速率敏感，对温度不敏感。同样条件下，随硬石膏的加入，硬石膏／PP复合材料的熔体粘度增加。3种改性剂中硼酸酯偶联剂作用最明显。     

超支化聚（酰胺-酯）对聚丙烯／聚氯乙烯／苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物接枝聚丙烯共混体系的增容作用

研究了超支化聚(酰胺-酯)(HBP))对聚丙烯/聚氯乙烯/苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物接枝聚丙烯共混体系[PP/PVC/PP-g-(St-co-MMA)]的增容作用。讨论了HBP的用量对PP/PVC(80/20)共混物力学性能的影响；研究了剪切应力、剪切速率和温度对PP/PVC(80/20)共混物熔体黏度的影响。实验结果表明在PP/PVC/PP-g-(St-co-MMA)(80/20/6)共混物中加入1份HBP时，就可以很好改善共混体系的相容性，使共混物拉伸强度达到最大值，同时使熔体表观黏度达到较小值。该共混物熔体属于假塑性流体。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究结果证明了HBP增强了PP/PVC/PP-g-(St-co-MMA)的界面粘结作用，减小了共混体系的相分离程度。     

聚丙烯/丙烯-乙烯共聚物共混体系的流变行为研究

采用毛细管流变仪和旋转流变仪研究了聚丙烯(PP)纤维专用料/丙烯-乙烯共聚物(PEC)共混体系的流变行为,探究了剪切速率、温度、共混物组成对熔体流变行为的影响。结果表明,随着剪切速率的增加,PP、PP/PEC和PEC均表现出"剪切变稀"行为;随着温度的升高,聚合物的表观黏度逐渐降低,特别是在低剪切速率下的这种现象更明显;随着PEC含量的增加,体系的非牛顿指数增加,黏流活化能降低,黏度对温度的敏感性降低,熔体剪切模量增加,熔体弹性增加。     

聚乳酸/聚丙烯共混体系的制备及其发泡行为研究

采用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAH-g-PP)作为相容剂,制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/聚丙烯(PP)共混物体系并研究了其发泡行为。采用差式扫描量热仪和旋转流变仪分别研究其热行为和流变行为,采用扫描电镜观察了共混体系的冲击断面形貌及泡孔形态。结果表明,随着MAH-g-PP添加量的增加,共混体系的相容性得到提高,加入PP促进了PLA的结晶,当MAH-g-PP含量达到7%时,PLA的绝对结晶度达到6.07%,同时加入PP提高了PLA/PP共混体系的熔体强度,使其发泡行为得到改善,共混体系的发泡倍率最大可以达到8.1倍。     

新型多单体接枝物增容PP/PVC共混体系的研究

自制了多单体接枝物PP g (St co MMA) ,并利用其增容PP/PVC共混体系。讨论了共混物组成、相容剂用量在不同温度、不同压力下对其流变行为的影响。实验结果表明 ,在所研究的温度和压力范围内 ,加入PP g (St co MMA)增容PP/PVC共混体系后 ,共混物熔体呈典型的假塑性流体特性 ,粘流活化能增加 ,非牛顿性有增大的趋势。共混体系的力学性能提高 ,SEM照片证明了多单体接枝物对PP/PVC的增容作用     

聚丙烯／易水解聚酯共混体系的流变性能研究

研究了聚丙烯（PP）和易水解聚酯（EHDPET）单组分以及共混体系的流变性能,考察了温度、剪切速率、异相间的相互作用、共混组成比以及相形态等对熔体黏度以及非牛顿指数的影响。结果表明：在纺丝剪切速率范围,共混熔体的黏度随剪切速率的增加而降低,且低于纯PP和EHDPET。随EHDPET及相容剂含量的增加,熔体黏度增加,分散相的平均粒径变小,流动性变差。     

Shear flow behavior and oil distribution between phases in thermoplastic vulcanizates

The high rate shear flow behavior and the morphology of five different oil‐extended polypropylene (PP)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer (EPDM) thermoplastic vulcanizate blends were investigated with the melt flow rate (MFR) of the PP varying from 0.7 to 20. The ratio of rubber to PP is 70 : 30 in three of the thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) and 50 : 50 in the other two TPVs. The distribution of the high‐temperature oil between the PP melt and the rubber is a key parameter because this will affect the viscosity of the PP/oil medium. The object of this study was to estimate the matrix composition in each of the TPVs at processing temperatures and to compare the shear viscosity of the effective matrix with that of the TPV. To this end, several PP/oil mixtures were prepared and their viscosity curves were correlated with the neat PP melt viscosity curves by means of shift factors varying with oil concentration. The oil distribution between the PP and rubber phases was estimated from TEM micrographs of the TPV blends. The results show that the PPs are mixed with oil to different proportions in the different TPVs and the viscosity curves of these mixtures exhibit the same trends in magnitude as the corresponding TPV viscosity curves. Hence, the shear flow of TPVs can be understood more readily in terms of the effective PP/oil medium flow behavior than in terms of the neat PP melt flow. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 113–121, 2004     

Studies on preparation of immersion‐type polypropylene fragrant fiber. I. Formation of matrix fiber in the melt‐spinning process and its technique of immersion essential oil

Polypropylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PP/EVA) blends were prepared in a plastic extruder with a static mixer. The thermodynamic compatibility, morphology, crystal form, and rheological behavior of PP/EVA blends were investigated by SEM, DSC, and rheology instruments. The results showed that PP and EVA were thermodynamically incompatible, the viscosity of the PP/EVA blends decreased with increase of shear rate in a range of temperature, the PP/EVA blends had a sea‐islands structure, and the crystalline zones remained in their original state and could not form mixed crystals in the PP/EVA blends. The PP/EVA blends were melt spun to prepare matrix fibers and the spinning conditions such as EVA content, the matching factor between pump delivery and winding velocity, and the melt‐spinning temperature were also determined. The sorption process of a matrix fiber for essential oils, adsorbed under various sorption conditions such as sorption time, sorption temperature, and EVA content, was also studied. The results revealed that the composite isotherm of the adsorption of matrix fiber for essential oil was characteristic of a U model. Through adsorbing essential oil, the immersion‐type PP fragrant fibers could be prepared with the matrix fiber. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1970–1979, 2003     

Studies on binary and ternary blends of polypropylene with SEBS,PS, and HDPE. I. Melt rheological behavior

Studies are reported on melt rheological behavior of some binary and ternary blends of polypropylene (PP) with one or two of the following polymers: styrene–b-ethylene butylene–b-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS), polystyrene (PS), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Blend composition of the binary blends PP/X or ternary blends PP/X/Y were so chosen that the former represent addition of 10 wt % X to PP while the latter represent 10 wt % addition of X or Y to the PP/Y or PP/X blend of constant composition 90:10 by weight, X/Y being SEBS, PS, or HDPE. Measurements were made on a capillary rheometer using both temperature elevation and constant temperature methods to study the behaviors prior to flow and in the flow region. Flow behavior, measured at a constant temperature (200°C) and varying shear stress (from 1.0 to 5.0 × 10⁶ dyn/cm²) to evaluate melt viscosity and melt elasticity parameters, is discussed for its dependence on the nature of the blend. Extrudate distortion, studied as a function of shear stress to evaluate the critical shear stress for the onset of extrudate distortion, showed differences in the tendency for extrudate distortion or melt fracture of these different blends. Also discussed is the effect of melt viscosity and melt elasticity on extrudate distortion behavior at the critical condition, which showed a unique critical value of the ratio (melt elasticity parameter)^1/2 (melt viscosity) for all these blends. Blend morphologies before and after the flow through the capillary are investigated through scanning electron microscopy, and their correlations with rheological parameters of the melt are discussed.     

PP／PE-LLD／SBS共混交联体系的结构与性能研究

采用两步交联法制备PP/PE-LLD/SBS交联共混物。DSC和WAXR测试结果表明,交联作用对共混物组分的结晶度无明显影响;从维卡软化点和TG、DTG曲线可以看出,交联提高了共混物的耐热温度,热稳定性增强;通过DMA测试发现,交联后共混物组分的玻璃化转变温度Tg无明显变化,交联作用对分子链段的运动影响不大;但交联共混物的内耗角tanδ、存储模量Ε′和损耗模量Ε″都有很大提高,刚、韧性增强。交联使共混物的熔体流动速率减小,流动性下降,但仍保持假塑性流体行为,随剪切速率增大出现剪切变稀;交联作用增大了共混物的活化能,分子链间作用力加强,刚性增大,黏度对温度变化更为敏感。     

茂金属聚乙烯弹性体增韧改性聚丙烯力学性能的研究

用茂金属聚乙烯弹性体（mPE）代替传统的弹性体,对PP的增韧改性进行了研究。探讨橡塑比和mPE的牌号对共混物力学性能的影响;并对不同的弹性体的增韧效果做了对比研究。结果表明,与传统的弹性体相比,mPE增韧改性的PP显示出卓越的低温冲击性能。     

PP-HBP改性PP／PVO的流变行为

研究了聚丙烯接枝超支化聚（酰胺酯）（PPHBP）／PP／聚氯乙烯（PVC）共混体系的流变行为。讨论了PP-HBP用煮对PP／PVC共混体系流变行为的影响。结果表明，当PP／PVC共混体系中加入PPHBP不大于5份时，PP／PVC／PPHBP共混体系的表观粘度大于PP／PVc共混体系的；当加入PP—HBP大于5份时，PP／PVC／PP-HBP共混体系的表观粘度小于PP／PVC共混体系的；随着温度升高，PP／PVC和PP／PVC／PP—HBP共混体系表观粘度减小。