慕课在《有机化学》教学中实践研究

有机化学是临床医学专业重要的基础课程。针对有机化学课程内容庞杂,难于掌握等特点,采用慕课网络在线教学方法、创建QQ学习平台、制作实验教学视频、混合式讲授方式等措施进行有机化学教学改革。将网络教学与传统教学模式相结合,探索提高有机化学教学效果的创新方法。在试点班级的课程实践结果表明在有机化学课程中应用慕课可以有效地提高学生的学习成绩,达到了预期的教学目标。     

慕课时代的有机化学实验教学改革初探

针对当前有机化学实验教学现状,提出了一系列的有效途径以激发学生的学习热情,有效地提高实验课程的教学质量,具体内容包括精选实验教学内容、推广微型实验、将慕课引进实验教学、规范实验报告的撰写和构建合理的考核方案等实验教学改革方案,最后对有机化学实验教学改革的未来进行了展望。     

慕课在短学时有机化学教学中的应用

有机化学是高等院校生物工程专业的一门必修基础课。高校课程改革压缩了有机化学的学时数,但有机化学课程内容复杂,记忆量大,易混淆,传统的有机化学教学模式已收效甚微。将慕课教学引入传统教学中,通过慕课网络教学平台进行辅助教学,引导学生自主学习、自主探究问题、自主解决问题,借此提高教学效果和教学质量。     

应用型人才培养背景下基于慕课的自主学习在有机化学实验教学中的实践

有机化学实验课是应用型人才培养的一条重要途径。本文结合地方应用型本科大学学生特点和有机化学实验课程的特点,将慕课资源引入到有机化学实验的教学中,引导学生自主学习。慕课资源的选择、教学实施、教学效果和存在的问题与启示等方面进行了探讨。结果显示,基于慕课平台的学生自主学习为主的教学方法,提高了学生探究问题、解决问题的能力,有利于应用型人才的培养。     

慕课在《有机化学实验》教学中的应用

有机化学实验是高等院校化学类专业的一门必修基础实验课,其目的是培养学生的操作技能,也是培养学生的科学素质与态度、创新能力和创新思维的重要环节。针对有机化学实验存在耗时长,操作复杂,记忆量大等问题和不足,在有机化学实验中通过制作实验基本操作视频及制作精选的实验教学视频,并采用慕课网络教学平台进行实验辅助教学,以提高教学效率和教学质量。     

高等农业院校应化专业有机化学实验慕课教学改革初探

有机化学实验是高等农业院校应化专业重要的基础实验课。结合应化专业有机化学实验的教学实际,作者对有机化学实验慕课教学进行了初步探索,以提高教学效率和教学质量。     

慕课在无机化学实验教学中的应用

无机化学实验是高等院校化学专业的一门基础实验课，在实验教学过程中存在学生操作能力不足，危险化学品使用数量多存在安全隐患，尤其是新冠疫情影响实验课程的正常开设等问题。为解决以上问题，将慕课与无机化学实验相结合，通过制作实验教学视频，采用慕课平台进行辅助教学，并基于慕课平台优化原有的实验考核方法，提高无机化学实验课程的教学效率及质量。     

基于慕课的融合式教学在有机化学实验中的应用

传统的有机化学实验课堂教学存在学生学习兴趣不高和主动学习能力弱等问题。本文探索将慕课与传统课堂教学相结合的融合教学模式应用于有机化学实验课程中,有效衔接教师的引导与学生的主动学习。结果表明,基于慕课的融合式教学有助于激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的自主学习能力,从而有效提高有机化学实验课程的教学效率及质量。     

“翻转课堂教学”应用于基础化学实验教学

计算机和互联网的普及使"翻转课堂教学"的实施变得可行;慕课是在线开放的共享网络课程平台。将慕课—翻转课堂应用于基础化学实验可以增加学生学习的兴趣、提高学生学习的主观能动性。在实验教学过程中,将慕课—翻转课堂与传统教学相结合,遵从"循序渐进"的原则。     

慕课时代有机化学混合式教学模式的探究

分析了传统有机化学教学模式面临的基本问题,并对慕课时代教学模式进行了探讨,从而构建了传统课堂教学与慕课教学相结合的混合式教学模式,将信息化融入有机化学课堂,使教学手段更加高效,教学资源更加丰富,评价考核更加客观,学生的学习更加主动。实践证明,这种混合式教学模式有效提升了教学效率和质量,更进一步提高了学生的自主学习的能力。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.